摘要：Natural chromophores wildly exist in living bodies and have been utilized for thousands of years[1].Many of them,such as quinine[2],luciferin[3-5],coelenteramide[6,7],and coumarin[8],can fluoresce and have been widely applied in biosensor,immune sensor,and fluorescent imaging agents[9,10].

摘要：双取代乙炔聚合物在小分子气体渗透与分离、发光弹性体、偏振荧光发射等领域有着突出的表现,成为聚乙炔研究领域的主流方向,聚(1-氯-2-苯基乙炔)衍生物是其中的一个特殊品种,对该类聚合物的聚合反应催化剂、聚合反应机理的深入研究对于发展功能性双取代乙炔聚合物具有重要意义.本文简要回顾聚(1-氯-2-苯基乙炔)衍生物合成的发展历程,通过典型案例分析催化剂体系的演进过程中研究者们解决的一系列科学问题,总结催化剂体系、推拉电子取代基对聚合反应的影响,同时沿着超高透气性聚(双取代乙炔)研究及其在气体分离领域中的应用探索的发展脉络,指出该领域在催化剂研制、反应路线设计等方面的关键问题和可能解决方案,为制备具有先进功能的聚(双取代乙炔)提供了新思路.

摘要：The current study aims at identifying the content configuration of translators＇ prefaces with special reference to China Yilin Press＇s English-Chinese （E-C） translated publications of American authors and finding the evolving tendency of the content of the translators＇ prefaces. One hundred and eight translators＇ prefaces are selected from the E-C translations published by the Press from 1988 to 2013 and classified on the basis of Genette＇s （1997） classification scheme. The Microsoft Excel as well as a human coder is used to analyze the evolving tendency and content of the translators＇ prefaces. Results indicate that translators＇ prefaces fall into 11 kinds in terms of their content, with the occurrence of three of them--genesis, the translator＇s conclusion and introduction to the translator ---on the increase, whereas that of eight of them--introduction to the author, introduction to the original, genre indication, the translator＇s opinion or analysis, statements of intent, contextual information, commentary on the title and introduction to the translated version--on the decline. It can be concluded that translators＇ prefaces play important roles in that they provide more information concerning the original and the author, such as plots, characters in the story and narrative techniques, but also give explanations for translators＇ motivation of translation, translation strategies adopted. Focus of the content of translators＇ prefaces has shifted from the original and the authors to the translators and translation process that reflect translator＇s subjectivity. This study underlines that due attention should be paid to the evolving tendency of their content configuration in recent years so as to ensure the social status of translators, and circulation and acceptance of the translated publications.

摘要：Basalt fibers/7075 aluminum matrix composites were studied to meet the demand of aluminum alloy drill pipes for material wear *** composites with different basalt fiber additions were prepared by hot pressed sintering and hot *** mechanical properties as well as friction and wear properties of the composites were studied by microstructure analysis,tensile experiments,friction and wear *** results showed that basalt fibers were oriented and uniformly distributed and led to local grain refinement in the alloy *** hardness and elongation of the composites were *** friction coefficient of the composites increased and then decreased,and the maximum wear depth and wear amount decreased,then increased,then decreased again with the growth of basalt fiber ***,the inclusion of basalt fibers mitigated the uneven wear of the extruded 7075 aluminum *** value of wear depth difference of 7075-0.2BF was the smallest,and that of 7075-2.0BF was close to *** maximum wear depth and wear volume the 7075-0.2BF and 7075-2.0BF were also the *** inhibition of uneven wear by basalt fibers enhanced of wear resistance for 7075 aluminum alloy,which has reference significance for improving the performance of aluminum alloy drill pipes.

摘要：纺织品的阻燃整理是一个重要的研究领域,本文以三聚氯氰为气源、亚磷酸三甲酯为酸源、砜醛树脂为碳源和硫源,形成P/N/S多元协同阻燃棉织物,探讨了阻燃剂用量比例和反应时间对阻燃效果的影响.对棉织物进行IR表征,设计正交试验,优化出最佳的整理工艺如下:三聚氯氰与砜醛树脂物质的量比为12∶1,棉与4,4'-二(4,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪)聚苯砜物质的量比为1∶0.60,第2步反应时间为20 min,第3步反应时间为25 min.在最优工艺条件下整理后的棉织物损毁长度为67 mm,续燃时间和阴燃时间都为0 s,可达国家B1级标准;经洗涤12次以后符合国家B2级标准,有较好的阻燃效果.扫描电镜显示表明阻燃棉织物的残炭仍呈纤维状,炭层较完整.

摘要：对MTZ32/47型磨煤机主轴承漏油现象进行分析,认为漏油是由于主轴承密封环与空心轴密封槽之间、密封环与轴承盖及轴承座之间密封不好,主轴承洒油器及空心轴结构设计不合理,主轴承来油门开度过大等原因造成。制定相应的改进措施,对密封结构进行改进,在密封环与轴承盖、轴承座之间用Φ10mm优质耐油橡胶绳代替Φ9mm的普通橡胶绳密封,在主承壳体外侧安装辅助盘根盒,改进主轴承洒油器管、来油管及来油门,使主轴承漏油现象得到了治理。

摘要：为了满足三通管液压成形过程的监测和过程控制的需求,构建了一个基于有限元数据驱动的机器学习框架用于多物理场的实时预测,包括:数据生成模型构建,建立能够准确描述塑性成形过程的有限元模型;数据集生成,结合成形工艺特点和成形设备参数范围要求进行实验设计,同时通过有限元模拟创建数据集,用于机器学习模型的训练;模型训练,选择机器学习算法就有限元模拟生成的数据集进行学习,建立边界位移与材料内部位移场的映射;多物理场计算,基于预测位移场推导材料内部应变、应力以及厚度场等的分布。采用该框架构建了基于CPB06屈服准则的纯钛三通管液压成形有限元模型,在此基础上通过加载路径全因子模拟实验生成了机器学习数据集,并采用随机森林和梯度提升算法实现了材料内部位移的实时预测,计算出了等效应变、等效应力和管材壁厚的分布。将上述预测模型用于全新工况的三通管液压成形,结果表明,预测误差不超过5%,说明构建的集成有限元方法的机器学习框架可以解决有限元模型无法在线分析的问题,实现对塑性加工过程中多物理场的实时预测。

摘要：从攻击者的角度探讨信息物理系统(Cyber-physical system,CPS)中隐蔽虚假数据注入(False data injection,FDI)攻击的最优策略.选取Kullback-Leibler(K-L)散度作为攻击隐蔽性的评价指标,设计攻击信号使得攻击保持隐蔽且最大程度地降低CPS远程状态估计的性能.首先,利用残差的统计特征计算远程状态估计误差协方差,将FDI最优策略问题转化为二次约束优化问题.其次,在攻击隐蔽性的约束下,运用拉格朗日乘子法及半正定规划推导出最优策略.最后,通过仿真实验验证所提方法与现有方法相比在隐蔽性方面具有显著优势.

摘要：为探究光伏区异质环境对新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州荒漠草地土壤理化特性影响,根据光伏板空间布局将取样位置划分为光伏板间、光伏板前檐、光伏板下方、光伏板后檐以及光伏板外(对照组)5种处理,并对其不同土层的土壤理化特性及土壤化学计量特征进行分析研究。结果表明:光伏板处理区土壤含水量显著增加,其中10~30 cm土层土壤含水量平均增加62.35%;总体上,pH值、电导率和全氮无显著性差异,其中光伏板处理区的0~30 cm土层土壤pH值范围在8.51~8.75,电导率范围在364.40~538.07μS·cm^(-1),全氮范围在1.58~2.03 g·kg^(-1);除20~30 cm土层前檐N∶P显著低于对照,其余各土层C∶N,C∶P和N∶P无显著性差异;光伏板处理区部分取样位置土壤化学计量特征高于对照;相关性分析表明C∶N和SOC,C∶P和SOC,C∶P和C∶N,N∶P和TN,N∶P和C∶P存在极显著正相关性(P<0.01)。综上,光伏区异质环境能够改善该地区荒漠草地土壤理化特性,为今后草地植被的恢复和后续草种补播提供了有利参考依据。

摘要：以某高效SCR路线国六柴油机为研究对象,基于国六NO_(x)排放目标值和SCR后处理转换效率反推出发动机目标NO x原排范围,结合DoE方法,调整供油参数(喷油提前角、轨压),对燃烧室型线、喷油器孔数、喷油器流量、喷油器锥角、缸盖涡流比等关键设计参数进行匹配组合,评估各计算方案的TCCE值、Soot排放、NO_(x)排放和爆压情况,推荐降低排放和油耗的燃烧系统。经台架试验验证,高效SCR路线柴油机在所有工况点下的烟度值都较小,在目标NO_(x)原排范围内,所推荐燃烧系统方案能有效降低TCCE值。该试验结果表明,基于DoE方法进行燃烧系统优化的结果是可信的。