摘要：为研究秸秆还田年限对土壤磷素分布及淋溶的影响,采用随机区组设计的方法,检测在使用不同年限秸秆还田的大棚中,不同深度的土壤全磷、有效磷、微生物量磷和土壤中性磷酸酶活性数据,分析秸秆还田年限对土壤磷素分布及淋溶的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田可以显著增加0~40 cm土壤全磷、有效磷和微生物量磷的含量,显著提高耕作层土壤中性磷酸酶活性。0~20 cm土壤,J7的全磷、有效磷、微生物量磷、中性磷酸酶活性分别比CK提高41%、125%、85%、42%;20~40 cm土壤,J7分别比CK提高30%、157%、116%、56%,并能够降低土壤中全磷和有效磷向下的迁移,效果为J7>J5>J3>J1>CK。秸秆还田还能显著增加土壤的磷活化系数,促进植物对土壤磷素的有效利用。为有效解决磷淋溶造成的农业面源污染问题提供了更多的解决途径。

摘要：为优化儿童体型分类,以江苏地区9~14周岁学龄男童为研究对象,结合接触式手工测量和非接触式三维人体测量2种测量方法,获取了研究对象的14个主要人体尺寸数据。基于描述统计分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和K-means聚类分析结果,对9~14周岁男童进行体型研究与分类,结果表明:儿童体型发育变化受年龄段影响,9~11周岁男童的身高增速显著快于12~14周岁男童;相比胸腰差、臀腰差,身胸比、身腰比、身臀比这3类衍生尺寸更适合作为儿童体型分类指标;K-means聚类结果显示,可将9~11周岁和12~14周岁男童体型分为S、M、L三类,分别表示矮瘦体、标准体和高壮体,9~11周岁男童S、M、L三类体型占比分别为31.10%、38.28%、30.62%,12~14周岁男童S、M、L三类体型占比分别为19.19%、62.63%、18.18%。研究可为儿童号型标准的修订及童装、校服的设计生产提供参考。

摘要：本文细数了多位1900年以来奥地利室内设计方面卓有成就的女性设计师,从社会地位、文化教育、经济状况、创作经历等多维角度解读奥地利的设计文化与设计话语。

摘要：目的:为提升应急救援药品保障能力,设计一款适用于应急救援行动的移动智慧药房。方法:移动智慧药房由车体结构模块、药品储存模块、信息管理模块和移动智慧药房管理系统组成。车体结构模块采用封闭式箱体,由车辆底盘和车厢结构、拓展模块、电力和温湿度控制模块、拆零和操作模块组成;药品储存模块为分层设计,由药品柜、电子锁控制装置、LED显示屏及纸质标识组成;信息管理模块由主控模块、通信模块、抽屉控制模块、药品入库管理与药品库综合管理模块、温湿度采集模块组成;移动智慧药房管理系统基于Java编程语言开发。结果:移动智慧药房能够集中储备各类药品,实现了药品的快速定位、查询和管理,保障了应急救援药品在储存和配送过程中的质量安全。结论:移动智慧药房在应急救援行动中便于药品管理、能够提高救援效率,可满足不同灾害种类的救援需求,显著提高应急救援能力。

摘要：The development of effective antifreeze peptides to control ice growth has attracted a significant amount of attention yet still remains a great ***,we propose a novel design method based on in-depth investigation of repetitive motifs in various ice-binding proteins(IBPs)with evolution *** this way,several peptides with notable antifreeze activity were *** particular,a designed antifreeze peptide named AVD exhibits ideal ice recrystallization inhibition(IRI),solubility,and biocompatibility,making it suitable for use as a cryoprotective agent(CPA).A mutation analysis and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations indicated that the Thr6 and Asn8 residues of the AVD peptide are fundamental to its ice-binding capacity,while the Ser18 residue can synergistically enhance their interaction with ice,revealing the antifreeze mechanism of ***,to evaluate the cryoprotection potential of AVD,the peptide was successfully employed for the cryopreservation of various cells,which demonstrated significant post-freezing cell *** work opens up a new avenue for designing antifreeze materials and provides peptide-based functional modules for synthetic biology.

摘要：The＂Meet in Beijing＂Arts Festival is an annual large-scale international festival aimed at showcasing the best of arts from across the globe and promoting friendship among people worldwide. From April 28 to May 27,the one-month-long sixth session of the festival took place in the capital cith of China,embracing some 50 outstanding arts troupes and exhibitions from more than 20 countries and regions,such as Mexico,Canada,Bahamas,Russia,Belgium,the United States,New Zealand,Sweden,Peru,South Africa ,Israel as well as East *** with Chinese colleagues,foreign artists and performers manifested the theme of friendship,harmony and communication with their superb performances or artworks.

摘要：Achieving a satisfactory energy-power combination in a supercapacitor that is based on all-carbon electrodes and operates in benign aqueous media instead of conventional organic electrolytes is a major challenge. For this purpose, we fabricated carbon nanoflakes （20-100 nm in thickness, 5-μm in width） containing an unparalleled combination of a large surface area （3,000 m2-g-1 range） and mesoporosity （up to 72%）. These huge-surface area functionalized carbons （HSAFCs） also had a substantial oxygen and nitrogen content （N10 wt.% combined）, with a significant fraction of redox-active carboxyl/phenol groups in an optimized specimen. Their unique structure and chemistry resulted from a tailored single-step carbonization-activation approach employing （2-benzimidazolyl） acetonitrile combined with potassium hydroxide （KOH）. The HSAFCs exhibited specific capacitances of 474 F-g-1 at 0.5 A.g-1 and 285 F-g-1 at 100 A.g-1 （charging time 〈 3 s） in an aqueous 2 M KOH solution. These values are among the highest reported, especially at high currents. When tested with a stable 1.8-V window in a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte, a symmetric supercapacitor device using the fabricated nanoflakes as electrodes yielded a normalized active mass of 24.4 Wh-kg-1 at 223 W·kg-1 and 7.3 Wh·kg-1 at 9,360 W·kg-1. The latter value corresponds to a charge time of 〈3 s. The cyclability of the devices was excellent, with 93% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. All the electrochemical results were achieved by employing electrodes with near-commercial mass loadings of 8 mg-cm-2.

摘要：为建立一种应用于巴尔通体(Bartonella)高灵敏度、高特异性的检测方法,根据巴尔通体16S保守序列设计特异性引物,通过优化反应体系及反应条件,建立巢式PCR检测方法,并利用该方法对在2023年广州市花都区采集的100份褐家鼠脾脏样品进行检测。结果显示:所建立的巢式PCR方法特异性良好,可特异性检测出巴尔通体阳性核酸,与其他对照菌株贝氏柯克斯体、无形体、钩端螺旋体、立克次体和伯氏螺旋体阳性核酸均无交叉反应;该方法灵敏度高,最低检出限为7.66×10^(1)copies·μL^(-1);应用该方法完成100份临床样品快速检测,检出4种巴尔通体,其中1种与人类疾病有关。表明建立的巴尔通体巢式PCR检测方法特异性强、灵敏度高,可为巴尔通体的临床样品检测提供技术支持。

摘要：威廉·德·库宁是抽象表现主义杰出的代表人物,主张彻底摆脱传统美学观和艺术观,追求自发的、任意的个人表现,认为艺术家应当服从于自然而然的内心冲动,强调画面的形式而不是内容,并由此得到一个由感性化的形式所构造出的鲜活的抽象表现画面。

摘要：为分类检测隐藏较深的降水质量异常数据,定义了非实时降水质量异常事件,基于Madsen-Allerupt方法和百分位数法设计了一种自动气象站小时降水数据非实时质量控制方法,基于该方法对湖北省2481个区域自动气象站2005—2022年经实时质量控制的小时降水数据做进一步的非实时质量控制,制作了小时降水质控数据集,并初步做了应用评估。结果表明:(1)设计的方法能够有效实现隐藏较深降水质量异常数据的分类检测,降水量持续偏小占比为87.9%,降水时数异常占比为8.7%,降水量持续偏大占比为3.4%。(2)质量异常数据的总量逐年趋于减少,空间分布无明显差异,时间上4—10月质量异常事件总量低于其他月份,冬季占比最高为36.7%,夏季最低为13.1%。(3)湖北省降水数据的质量建站初期整体欠佳,从2008年开始稳步提升,2008—2022年年数据可用率平均为95.6%,年内4—10月的数据平均可用率为97.8%,高于其它月份的92.6%。