摘要：Rational design of low‐cost and efficient electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)is imperative for electrocatalytic ethanol fuel *** this work,we developed a copper‐doped nickel oxyhydroxide(Cu‐doped NiOOH)catalyst via in situ electrochemical reconstruction of a NiCu *** introduction of Cu dopants increases the specific surface area and more defect sites,as well as forms high‐valence Ni *** Cu‐doped NiOOH electrocatalyst exhibited an excellent EOR performance with a peak current density of 227 mA·cm^(–2)at 1.72 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode,high Faradic efficiencies for acetate production(>98%),and excellent electrochemical *** work suggests an attractive route of designing non‐noble metal based electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation.

摘要：The electrocarboxylation reaction is an attractive means to convert CO_(2) into valuable chemicals under ambient conditions,while it still suffers from low efficiency due to the high stability of CO_(2).In this work,we report a double activation strategy for simultaneously activating CO_(2) and acetophenone by silver-doped CeO_(2)(Ag-CeO_(2)) nanowires,featuring as an effective electrocatalyst for electrocarboxylation of acetophenone with CO_(2).Compared to the Ag foil,Ag nanoparticles and CeO_(2) nanowires,the Ag-CeO_(2)nanowire catalyst allowed to reduce the onset potential difference between CO_(2) and acetophenone activation,thus enabling efficient electrocarboxylation to form 2-phenyllactic *** Faradaic efficiency for producing 2-phenyllactic acid reached 91%at−1.8 V versus Ag/*** double activation strategy of activating both CO_(2)and organic substrate molecules can benefit the catalyst design to improve activities and selectivities in upgrading CO_(2)fixation for higher-value electrocarboxylation.

摘要：The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has been attracting increasingly research interest in the past decade,with the ultimate goal of utilizing electricity from renewable energy to realize carbon neutrality,as well as economic and energy ***,the capture and concentrating of CO_(2) cost a substantial portion of energy,while almost all the reported researches showed CO_(2) electroreduction under high concentrations of(typically pure)CO_(2) reactants,and only very few recent studies have investigated the capability of applying low CO_(2) concentrations(such as~10%in flue gases).In this work,we first demonstrated the electroreduction of 0.03%CO_(2)(in helium)in a homemade gas‐phase electrochemical electrolyzer,using a low‐cost copper(Cu)or nanoscale copper(nano‐Cu)*** with steam,the gas‐phase CO_(2) was directly delivered onto the gas‐solid interface with the Cu catalyst and reduced to CO,without the need/constraint of being adsorbed by aqueous solution or alkaline *** tuning the catalyst and experi‐mental parameters,the conversion efficiency of CO_(2) reached as high as~95%.Furthermore,we demonstrated the direct electroreduction of 0.04%CO_(2) from real air sample with an optimized conversion efficiency of~79%,suggesting a promising perspective of the electroreduction ap‐proach toward direct CO_(2) conversion.

摘要：成纤维细胞活化蛋白(FAP)存在于肿瘤基质成纤维细胞中,是近年来肿瘤诊断和治疗的一个重要靶点。在靶向FAP的放射性肿瘤显像剂中,小分子类显像剂受到了最广泛的关注。本文介绍了靶向FAP小分子显像剂的核心结构,并对2023年12月前新型FAP小分子显像剂的设计策略进行分类。此外,对目前表现优良或具有新颖结构的靶向FAP的PET显像剂和SPECT显像剂进行了系统梳理,并对其结构和设计思路进行总结和展望,以期对临床诊疗有所助益。

摘要：提出我国西部欠发达地区乡村产业融合发展规划理论框架,以田野调查为基础,自下而上地分析乡村产业发展面临的机遇与困境,从乡村三产融合发展、城乡产业协同发展两个方面提出乡村产业发展策略。以西藏日喀则市桑珠孜区聂日雄乡为例,探索城乡规划如何在乡村产业升级和融合发展中发挥作用,进而把握机遇、化解困境,攻克在西部欠发达地区实现乡村振兴的难点。

摘要：以13个大球盖菇菌株及其已公布的基因组为试材,采用生物信息学和试验验证相结合的方法,研究了大球盖菇基因组上的SSR类型及分布,设计了100对SSR引物开展试验验证,以期为大球盖菇的种质资源鉴定、品种选育、分子标记辅助育种等研究提供参考依据。结果表明:总计检索到6种SSR类型的2 124条序列,其中主要以三核苷酸类型为主,共计704,占SSR总数的33.15%;五、六碱基重复类型较多,但总和只占全部SSR数量的14.59%。由验证试验获得16对引物,其中引物DQGSSR020、DQGSSR031、DQGSSR077的多态性较高、特异性好、无杂峰、荧光亮度高、区分度好。同时,基于16对SSR引物进行大球盖菇DNA指纹编码构建,获得了13个大球盖菇菌株的32位数分子指纹数据库编码。

摘要：硫化物固态电解质是目前无机固态电解质的研究焦点之一。然而,当用于全固态电池时,硫化物固态电解质与电极材料的相容性较差,难以兼顾高电导率和高稳定性,因此通过元素取代或掺杂,以及结构调整来提高固态电解质的离子电导率获得了广泛的研究。基于第一性原理对Li_(3)PS_(4)进行Zr掺杂改性研究,研究思路即通过Zr掺杂取代Li原子,同时产生Li空位来增加锂离子的传输空位。通过计算Zr掺杂的Li_(3)PS_(4)的Li空位形成能,证明当Zr元素在Li_(3)PS_(4)晶体结构的Li_(2)位进行掺杂时具有较低的空位形成能,从而提高了Li_(3)PS_(4)固态电解质的结构稳定性。通过计算态密度和差分电荷密度,发现Zr掺杂可以改变其周围的电子态,不仅能提高Li_(3)PS_(4)的活性,还改善了Li_(3)PS_(4)的电化学稳定性。采用CI-NEB方法计算分析锂离子在Zr掺杂Li_(3)PS_(4)固态电解质体相中沿不同迁移路径的迁移能垒,发现锂离子沿Li_(2)→Li_(2)→Li_(2)路径进行迁移的迁移能垒最小,由此确定了锂离子在Zr掺杂Li_(3)PS_(4)晶体结构中的最优扩散通道。

摘要：该文以电气工程专业的“人工智能”跨学科课程为例,介绍该课程从零到一的建设方法,以期为其他电气工程跨学科课程建设与改革提供借鉴。首先,介绍在电气工程专业开设跨学科课程的必要性;然后,对基于设计思维构建跨学科课程的过程进行详细介绍;最后,基于客观数据与主观反馈对课程开设效果进行分析。结果表明,基于设计思维的跨学科课程建设取得了一定成效,课程能有效提升学生的学习收获。

摘要：在线安全稳定分析是揭露电网实时运行风险的重要手段,对于指导电网日内运行方式调整具有重要意义。现有在线安全稳定分析系统由于可扩展性不佳、人机交互困难、仿真模型存在偏差等原因,难以适应新型电力系统建设中出现的海量业务场景。为此,该文基于模块化、平台化的理念,提出一种面向电力调度运行业务的交互前台、微服务后台、数据中台及其融合的系统架构设计方法,并建立大电网在线安全稳定分析系统数据中台和整体架构。架构分析结果表明,按照所提方法搭建的大电网在线安全稳定分析系统架构能够支撑所需功能的运行,且具备灵活可扩展性。

摘要：针对采用面向服务架构(SOA)的工业软件的任务调度问题,考虑任务的多重属性,属性的随机性、时变性及耦合关系,以及调度过程实时性和处理任务并行性的要求,提出一种适用于基于SOA的工业软件的任务调度算法。首先,对任务调度问题进行建模,并设计用于评估任务重要程度的效用函数;然后,提出基于重要程度排序的调度算法(IRSA),按照重要程度递减的顺序对任务进行调度;最后,设计资源预留机制和抢占式调度机制,以提高IRSA的调度效率。实验结果表明,与先来先服务(FCFS)、最早截止时间优先(EDF)、最小松弛度优先(LLF)、固定优先级调度(FPS)这四种在线调度算法相比,当每秒任务到达数量为7.99时,IRSA使任务的平均响应时间减少55.83%~61.27%,且在所有性能指标上均具有明显优势,能够实现对基于SOA的工业软件的高效任务调度。