摘要：In the context of ongoing densification of cities and aging urban populations,public spaces are a crucial infrastructure to support the physical and mental wellbeing of urban *** design of public space furniture elements is often standardised,and not considered in relation to environmental conditions and mechanisms of social *** article presents a digital workflow to generate site-specific designs for shaded public seating,considering the relationships of local public places to their surroundings.A strategy for customised and site-specific design is developed through the use of multiple software tools,employing evolutionary algorithms and multi-objective *** method is applied to a small public space canopy prototype installed within a public housing estate in Hong Kong,incorporating additional criteria to achieve a low-cost and light-weight *** multiple stages of refinement and optimisation,a material,structural and social performance-driven outcome was achieved that creates a shaded space for public seating,people watching and social *** part of a larger research agenda exploring architectural form-finding and environmental psychology,the project represents potential new applications in the emerging field of socially driven computational design.

摘要：采矿用岩体分值(MRMR)分类法是为适应各种采矿要求于1974年在 CSIR 地质力学分类法的基础上发展而来的.两者间的根本区别在于 MRMR 分类法认为原岩分值须根据开采环境进行调整,以便最后得出的分值(MRMR)可用于矿山设计,调整的参数有风化,次生应力,节理方位和爆破影响。也可用岩体分值(RMR)确定出通常的岩体强度(RMS),然后再加以调整,得出用于设计的岩体强度(DRMS).这种分类法用途广泛,岩体分值、采矿用岩体分值及用于设计的岩体强度可为矿山设计提供有益的指导.但是,在某些情况下则需要进行更为详细的调查,即在某一情况下需将着重点放在本方法的某些特定参数上.在采场或矿柱内外,对具有连续性的狭窄软弱的地质特性必须加以区别,分别打分.本文将论述打分的方法,并提出本方法用于矿山设计的实例.

摘要：本文以有关达尔文及其进化论思想的戏剧为主线,不仅将达尔文各阶段的人生经历和性格生动还原,还发掘了与这位科学家有关的家庭和婚姻主题。探索了剧本创作的历史和文化背景,以及多种戏剧创作的角度和手法。通过与其他的科学剧进行比较,分析了科学家以及科学剧本身的巨大魅力。最后,尝试通过达尔文剧这一典型代表,反思和总结目前科学剧创作面对的诸多挑战和质疑,同时也论述了其未来发展的巨大潜力和可能性。

摘要：For the past several decades, it has been clear that the ability to write texts for academic and professional purposes （＂academic writing＂ in this article） is key to the success of adults in U.S. society--in school, in university courses, on tests that they need to take to progress through learning and into work, and in the workforce. Academic writing has specific features and involves approaches that are different from much of the writing that is done with adult learners, particularly those learning English as an additional language （e.g., described in reviews by Hinkel, 2015; Leki, Cumming, ＆ Silva, 2008; and a survey by Rosenfeld, Courtney, ＆ Fowles, 2004）. However, a recent survey of adult educators, conducted by the authors, found that academic writing has not been a focus in many adult education programs, and teachers receive limited professional development in this area and instructional support in implementing it. This article describes the importance of academic writing at all levels of adult education, the key features of academic writing, and the current state of writing instruction in adult education programs. It then describes the motivation for, design, and outcomes of a survey of and interviews with adult educators across the country on their preparation for and instructional practices with academic writing （conducted in 2014 and 2015）. Finally, it describes approaches that can be used in adult education programs to meet the writing proficiency needs of students at all levels and next steps that the adult education field might take.

摘要：博朗公司设计并制造高品质的产品。这些考虑周全,便于使用的产品与现在充斥在市场上的所谓时尚产品形成了鲜明的对比。这栋建筑即是对这一原则的具体应用。我们的设计方案是一栋3层高的建筑,围绕着一座中庭呈U形排布。全新设计的建筑立面构件就像平开窗一样,它减少了冬季室内热量的流失,并且防止了夏季室内温度过高。

摘要：新油港桥的纯白色结构轻盈而幽雅。连同她螺旋型的上下坡,油港桥跨接了德国黑森州罗因海姆市70米宽的油港船道。这座雕塑般的桥梁是自1965年以来第一个将当地第一个将传统步行及自行车路线网络衍生到莱茵河南岸的交通体。"一条如画中轻轻一笔划过罗因海姆油港两岸的纽带"是方案建筑师米歇尔.舒马赫设计理念的中心思想。

摘要：背景：明确心血管事件高危人群对最佳实施一、二级预防措施非常重要。目的：研究血浆脑型利钠肽N端片段（prohormone braintype natriuretic peptide，NT—proBNP）水平是否能独立于现有其他诊断性检查预测心血管事件和死亡。设计、地点及参试者：HSS研究（Heart and Soul Study）于2000年-2002年入选987例来自加利福尼亚州的稳定性冠心病患者进行前瞻性队列研究，平均随访3．7年（范围，0．1—5．3年）。

摘要：国际零售品牌约鞠里维斯（JohnLewis）和国际知名的Grimshaw建筑事务所鞋台创造一十令人惊奇的巡回建筑零售空间——“时装亭”，逸个装置于2011年9月5日酋度在牛津街约翰里维斯百货开幕，大胆的装置展示了包括。Osrman Yousefzada、C4erers Rb6Jro TraceyBoyd在内的一系列个人设计师品牌。这个临耐商店以巡回展的方式展出，在举行为期两个月的展出之后.

摘要：能让学生对不断变化的世界做好最充分的准备的问题是:哪些心理动作技能最不可能被技术进步取代?此外,在这个不断发展、日益技术化的工作世界中,需要什么样的心理动作技能才能持续发展?心理动作技能代表“我们如何利用运动性”。本文提出了一种思考运动性的新思维方式。它假设:(1)感知和本体感觉是心理动作技能发展的关键反馈机制;(2)心理动作技能不应被准确地归类为“精细”或“粗大”,而应根据可测评的属性进行定义;(3)单一的心理动作技能经历从“无意识无能力”到“无意识有能力”的线性发展,而将不同技能组合起来或迁移到新情境的本领则是不一样的,有其自己独特的发展路径。本文证明和探讨了21世纪教育必需的心理动作技能,确定两种“元动作”能力是必不可少的:协调和适应。

摘要：Understanding cell behavior inside three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments with controlled spatial patterning of physical and biochemical factors could provide insight into the basic biology of tissue engraftment, vascular anastomosis, and revascularization. A simple layer by layer projection microstereolithography (PμSL) method was utilized to investigate the effects of a nonporous and porous bioinert barrier on myocutaneous flap engraftment and revascularization. A cranial-based, peninsular-shaped myocutaneous flap was surgically created on the dorsum of C57Bl6 mice. Porous (SP) and nonporous (S) silicone implants were tailored to precise flap dimensions and inserted between the flap and recipient bed prior to sutured wound closure. Porous implant myocutaneous flaps became engrafted to the recipient site with complete viability. In contrast, distal cutaneous necrosis and resultant flap dehiscence was evident by day 10 in nonporous implant flap mice. Laser speckle contrast imaging demonstrated flap revascularization in (SP) mice, and markedly reduced distal flap reperfusion in (S) mice. Histologic analysis of day 10 (SP) flaps revealed granulation tissue rich in blood vessels and macrophages growing through the implant pores and robust neovascularization of the distal flap. In contrast, the nonporous implant prevented tissue communication between recipient bed and flap with lack of bridging inflammatory cells and neovasculature and resultant distal tissue necrosis. We have fabricated porous and nonporous silicone implants via a simple and inexpensive technique of PμSL. Using a graded-ischemia wound healing model, we have shown that porous implants allowed contact between flap and recipient bed resulting in proximal flap arteriogenesis and neovascularization of the distal flap. Future research will utilize variations in implant pore size, spacing, and location to gain a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for myocutaneous flap