摘要：深度学习是解决时间序列分类(Time series classification,TSC)问题的主要途径之一.然而,基于深度学习的TSC模型易受到对抗样本攻击,从而导致模型分类准确率大幅度降低.为此,研究了TSC模型的对抗攻击防御问题,设计了集成对抗训练(Adversarial training,AT)防御方法.首先,设计了一种针对TSC模型的集成对抗训练防御框架,通过多种TSC模型和攻击方式生成对抗样本,并用于训练目标模型.其次,在生成对抗样本的过程中,设计了基于Shapelets的局部扰动算法,并结合动量迭代的快速梯度符号法(Momentum iterative fast gradient sign method,MI-FGSM),实现了有效的白盒攻击.同时,使用知识蒸馏(Knowledge distillation,KD)和基于沃瑟斯坦距离的生成对抗网络(Wasserstein generative adversarial network,WGAN)设计了针对替代模型的黑盒对抗攻击方法,实现了攻击者对目标模型未知时的有效攻击.在此基础上,在对抗训练损失函数中添加Kullback-Leibler(KL)散度约束,进一步提升了模型鲁棒性.最后,在多变量时间序列分类数据集UEA上验证了所提方法的有效性.

摘要：《於于野谭》是朝鲜古代最早继承前代笔记杂录传统的野谭集,其鬼类故事在叙事艺术方面对《太平广记》有诸多借鉴。在叙事空间方面,两部作品中的人物都经历了顷刻间现世与阴间的空间跨越,此种进入冥界之途的设想,充分体现出了东方民族关于死亡世界构想的独特性。在叙事时间方面,两部作品遵循梦境与现实的时间交替融合,通过幻化时间与现实时间的二元映衬,营造一种意蕴和情感的张力场。在叙事视角上,两部作品均受到在中朝文学发展中具有崇高地位的史传文学的影响,遵循一定的“实录”精神,采用全知型史官式叙事方式。两部作品中的鬼故事不仅反映出了中朝两国的民间信仰体系和对生死的深刻思考,在叙事艺术方面也展现了东亚文化的共通性。

摘要：As a promising anode material candidate for sodium-ion batteries,antimony(Sb)has attracted enormous research interest due to its high specific capacity and low sodiation ***,its dramatic volume expansion upon sodiation adversely affects its cycle *** have developed an oxidation-coating-reduction strategy for fabricating yolk-shell Sb@C rods from commercially available Sb *** particular,the thermal reduction of vaporized Sb_(2)O_(3) generates densely distributed Sb single atoms and clusters on the carbon *** sodiation process of the Sb@C sample was recorded through in situ transmission electron *** expansion of Sb particles was observed,and it was also revealed that the carbon shell could deform with the expanded Sb *** the intuitively understood advantage that internal voids can provide space for expansion of internal active materials,the deformability of carbon shells can add further ability to withstand the volume *** two structural merits of the yolk-shell construction enable the Sb@C material to deliver an enhanced cycle *** reversible capacity exceeds 620 mA h g^(−1) at 0.1C,with an initial coulombic efficiency of up to 84.9%,and about 95%of the capacity in the charging voltage profile is delivered below 1.0 V ***+/*** performance metrics are very promising for potential practical applications.

摘要：针对国内某钢厂120 t转炉氧枪供氧强度低、吹炼时间长、化渣慢、寿命短等问题,对其五孔氧枪喷头倾角进行优化设计。基于数值模拟软件FLUENT,在冷态下(300 K)分析了喷头倾角对射流特性的影响,并在炼钢温度下(1873 K)进一步对比新旧氧枪喷头的射流特性。结果表明:在冷态下,随着喷头倾角增加,射流独立性改善;当喷头倾角11°时,有效冲击面积最大;当喷头倾角12°时,化渣面积最大;最佳操作枪位为40 D_(e),综合考虑最佳喷头倾角为12°。在炼钢温度下,与旧喷头相比,新喷头的超音速区域长度增加1.0 D_(e),冲击深度更大,有效冲击面积增大6.67%,化渣面积增大10.39%,喷头出口负压更小,使用寿命更长。

摘要：The effect of Mo on nano-scaled particles,prior austenite grains and impact toughness of coarse-grained heat-affected zone(CGHAZ)in offshore engineering steels with Ca deoxidation was *** heat-affected zone(HAZ)toughness of Mo16 steel is obviously higher than that of Mo8 steel at all the heat inputs of 50,100,150 and 200 kJ/cm,with HAZ toughness of both steels decreased with increasing the welding heat *** the Mo content is increased from 0.08 to 0.16%,the size of nano-scaled particles in HAZ is decreased from 18 to 15 nm,and their number density is increased from 0.7 to 0.9μm^(−2).Thus,the Zener pinning force is increased,and the prior austenite grain size(PAGS)is decreased,leading to the improved HAZ *** characterizations show that the nano-scaled particles in both steels are Ti(C,N)with the solute elements of Nb and *** calculated critical particle size of TiN is 10.2 and 8.4 nm in Mo8 and Mo16 steels at 1350℃,and the particles larger than the critical size are stable during the welding *** the Zener pinning force calculation,Ti(C,N)particles play the more important role in the pinning effect on the prior austenite grain *** on the regression analysis by the MATLAB results,the predicted values of PAGS at different heat inputs are well fitted with the experimental data.

摘要：建筑能源系统能耗总量巨大且用能弹性高,具有很大的节能优化潜力,其提效节能被认为是降低能源电力系统终端碳排放、实现“2030碳达峰、2060碳中和”国家战略目标的重要途径之一.然而,建筑能源系统节能优化面临人员行为与系统能耗交互影响、多种能源介质时空多尺度耦合与供需能量平衡等建模挑战,以及系统决策空间随建筑规模指数增长的维数灾计算复杂性挑战.针对上述挑战,本文从信息物理融合的角度出发,提出了基于节点–流量模型的建筑能源系统分布式优化模型,刻画了电、气、热等能源物理网络与信息网络的交互影响,实现了局部数据采集和计算的一体化结构设计,支撑边云协同计算体系.进而,设计了基于边云协同的分布式迭代优化算法,证明了算法的收敛性,可实现建筑能源系统供需协同优化,并大大降低了对全局信息的依赖性和通信需求.本文以6种不同规模下实际建筑系统的数值测试结果,验证了所提方法的性能和有效性,特别在大规模建筑能源系统上具有良好的应用前景.

摘要：水安全保障导向的发展模式（WOD）是XOD模式在水安全领域的实践和升级，但目前处于理论研究和探索阶段，尚未有政策出台。构建“政策工具-政策对象-政策发展阶段”三维分析框架，将XOD政策工具分为供给型、环境型和需求型；将政策对象划分为规划审批与协调机制、关联项目筛选与捆绑、土地利用与供应、收益反哺机制、投融资模式机制、设计与指标控制；将XOD模式政策发展划分为萌芽阶段（2015—2017年）、发展阶段（2018—2020年）和推进阶段（2021年以后）。借助Nvivo11质性文本分析软件，对EOD、TOD、ROD等XOD模式相关政策文件进行量化分析，为WOD模式政策出台及实践提供有益参考。研究结果表明：推动XOD模式发展的政策体系逐步完善，实践基础进一步稳固，方向进一步明晰；XOD模式政策在不同维度中均存在结构性失衡，需求型政策工具未获得足够重视，市场和社会主体作用未充分发挥；政策对象分布不均，未与XOD模式特点及需求相对应。从强化WOD模式顶层设计、优化项目审批机制、加强项目谋划设计等方面提出推动WOD模式发展的实践启示。

摘要：为研究外包角钢加固震损装配整体式混凝土梁柱节点的抗震性能,按1:2缩尺比例设计制作了4个装配整体式混凝土梁柱节点试件,其中1个为对比试件,1个为直接外包角钢加固试件,另外2个分别为轻、中度地震损伤后采用外包角钢加固试件。通过进行低周反复荷载试验,分析了试件的极限承载力、位移、刚度、耗能、延性等抗震性能指标,并比较了震损程度对加固效果的影响。试验结果表明:外包角钢加固震损装配式混凝土梁柱节点,可有效提升节点核心区抗剪能力,实现"强节点弱构件"的抗震设计目标;采用外包角钢加固后,试件的极限承载力、极限位移、延性和刚度得到大幅度提高;试件的加固效果与预损程度成反比;在一定损伤程度下,外包角钢加固震损混凝土梁柱节点是可靠及有效的。

摘要：The inner-formation gravity field measurement satellite （IFS） is a novel pure gravitational orbiter. It aims to measure the Earth＇s gravity field with unprecedented accuracy and spatial resolution by means of precise orbit determination （POD） and relative state measurement. One of the key factors determining the measurement level is the outer-satellite control used for keeping the inner-satellite flying in a pure gravitational orbit stably. In this paper the integrated orbit and attitude control of IFS during steady-state phase was investigated using only thrusters. A six degree-of-freedom translational and rotational dynamics model was constructed considering nonlinearity resulted from quaternion expression and coupling induced by community thrusters. A feasible quadratic optimization model was established for the integrated orbit and attitude control using con- strained nonlinear model predictive control （CNMPC） techniques. Simulation experiment demonstrated that the presented CNMPC aigorithm can achieve rapid calculation and overcome the non-convexity of partial constraints. The thruster layout is rational with low thrust consumption, and the mission requirements of IFS are fully satisfied.

摘要：The purpose of this paper is to adopt the uniform confidence method in both water pipeline design and oil-gas pipeline *** on the importance of pipeline and consequence of its failure,oil and gas pipeline can be classified into three pipe classes,with exceeding probabilities over 50 years of 2%,5% and 10%,***-based design requires more information about ground motion,which should be obtained by evaluating seismic safety for pipeline engineering *** from a city＇s water pipeline network,the long-distance oil and gas pipeline system is a spatially linearly distributed *** the uniform confidence of seismic safety,a long-distance oil and pipeline formed with pump stations and different-class pipe segments should be considered as a whole system when analyzing seismic *** the uncertainty of earthquake magnitude,the design-basis fault displacements corresponding to the different pipeline classes are proposed to improve deterministic seismic hazard analysis（DSHA）.A new empirical relationship between the maximum fault displacement and the surface-wave magnitude is obtained with the supplemented earthquake data in East *** estimation of fault displacement for a refined oil pipeline in Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake is introduced as an example in this paper.