摘要：行人检测一直是机器视觉领域的研究热点和难点,在智能监控、智能交通和智能机器人等人工智能领域应用越来越广泛。近几年,深度学习尤其是深度卷积神经网络在图像、语音等领域取得了重大突破。针对传统人工设计的特征提取复杂度高且难以有效表达复杂场景中的行人特征问题,提出基于区域卷积神经网络的行人检测算法。该模型通过组合低层特征,形成更加抽象的高层表示属性类别或特征,进而从样本中提取鲁棒性更强、更能刻画图像的特征向量。由于网络模型层次较深,需要训练参数较多,而人工标注行人的数据样本较少,为了防止训练过程中发生过拟合现象,采用微调的方法训练网络。最后,通过多组实验验证,与基于HOG特征的方法相比,该算法能够明显提升行人检测的准确率。

摘要：研究毛蕊花糖苷(verbascoside,OC1)促进阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)发病过程中乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)释放的分子机制。使用β-淀粉样蛋白(1~42)(Aβ_(1-42))诱导的大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞(PC12)作为AD体外模型,分为对照组(control),模型组(model,Aβ_(1-42)10μmol·L^(-1)),OC1处理组(2、10μg·mL^(-1))。通过全蛋白磷酸化修饰定量组学分析OC1对AD细胞模型磷酸化蛋白的影响,结合计算机辅助药物设计虚拟筛选OC1对于钙通道亚型的选择性,荧光探针Fluo-3/AM检测细胞中Ca^(2+)浓度,Western blot检测OC1对磷酸化钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(p-CaMKⅡ,Thr286)及突触囊泡相关蛋白表达的影响,UPLC/Q Exactive MS检测OC1对AD细胞模型ACh释放的影响,试剂盒检测OC1对AD细胞模型中乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholine esterase,AChE)活力的影响。结果显示,模型组与OC1处理组的差异修饰蛋白在GO分类、KEGG通路和蛋白结构域3个层面均与钙通道激活相关。分子对接结果揭示了L-型钙通道的主导作用。在Ca^(2+)螯合剂EGTA(乙二醇四乙酸)、L-型钙通道阻断剂维拉帕米(verapamil)和N-型钙通道阻断剂芋螺毒素(conotoxin)存在的条件下,OC1对Fluo-3/AM荧光强度的增强作用被削弱,且verapamil的作用强于conotoxin。这证实OC1主要通过与L-型钙通道蛋白相互作用促进细胞外Ca^(2+)内流。蛋白质组学分析和Western blot结果表明,OC1处理后p-CaMKⅡ及下游囊泡相关蛋白表达上调,说明OC1通过激活CaMKⅡ作用于囊泡相关蛋白,参与神经突触的重塑和递质释放,从而影响学习记忆。此外,OC1还降低了AChE活力,延长ACh在突触间隙的作用时间。

摘要：Carbon supported Pt-based intermetallic compounds(IMCs)with high activity and durability are the most competitive cathode catalysts for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).The synthesis of Pt-based intermetallics with a good balance between small size and high metal loading remains challenging because of the high-temperature annealing that is generally required to form intermetallic *** developed a sodium thiosulfate-assisted impregnation strategy to synthesize small-sized and highly ordered PtM IMCs catalysts(M=Co,Fe,Ni)with high-Pt-content(up to 44.5 wt%).During the impregnation process,thiosulfate could reduce H_(2)PtCl6 to form uniformly dispersed Pt colloid on carbon supports,which in turn prevents the aggregation of Pt at the low-temperature annealing ***,the strong interaction between Pt and S inhibits particle sintering,ensuring the formation of small-sized and uniform PtM intermetallic catalysts at the high-temperature annealing *** optimized intermetallic PtCo catalyst delivered a high mass activity of 0.72 A mgPt^(–1)and a large power performance of 1.17 W·cm^(–2)at 0.65 V under H_(2)-air conditions,along with 74%mass activity retention after the accelerated stress test.

摘要：Thirteen thiomorpholine-bearing compounds were designed and synthesized as dipeptidyl peptidase IV（DPP-IV） inhibitors, with natural and non-natural L-amino acids as the starting *** structures were characterized by ~1H NMR,^（13）C NMR and *** target compounds were screened for the DPP-IV inhibition,and the preliminary SAR result was ***, compounds 4c,4d and 4f with good DPP-IV inhibition in vitro were further evaluated through a mouse oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）.The preliminary result showed the potential value for further studies on those thiomorpholine-bearing compounds as DPP-IV inhibitors.

摘要：Rock pillar is the key supporting component in underground *** an earthquake,the key rock pillar must bear both the seismic load and the load transferred from other damaged *** paper attempts to reveal the influence of the mainshock on damage evolution and failure characteristic of the key rock pillar during aftershocks by cyclic loading test of *** levels of pre-damage stress(i.e.,10,30,50 and 70 MPa)in the first cycle were used to simulate the mainshock damage,and then cyclic stress with the same amplitude(namely 10 MPa)was conducted in the subsequent cycles to simulate the aftershock until rock *** results indicate that the presence of pre-damage has an obvious weakening effect on the bearing capacity and deformation resistance of rock materials during the aftershock ***,the increase of pre-damage significantly changes the final failure pattern of the key rock pillar,and leads to an increase in the proportion of small-scale rock *** study may contribute to understanding the seismic capacity of the unreinforced rock pillar during mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences and to optimizing the design of the key rock pillar in underground engineering.

摘要：面向对象框架技术是软件复用的一种高级机制,开发者利用框架所提供的一组集成的、针对特定领域的结构和功能,通过使用或扩展该框架,就能够快速地构建应用。一个设计良好的框架通常运用一种或多种设计模式,该文着重分析了反向控制模式在框架中的应用,同时结合以J2EE架构开发的几个项目经验,介绍了一个简单、易用的JDBC框架实现。

摘要：针对超表面在透镜方面的应用,本文设计了一种交叉极化透射聚焦超表面,实现了将圆极化波转化为交叉极化波的同时聚焦电磁波的功能.设计了一款旋转型单元,单元为一层且厚度仅为1.5 mm,分析了旋转型单元提供不同相移的原理并设计了相邻单元相移差为60?的相位梯度超表面,在中心频率f=15 GHz附近发生奇异折射,折射角与理论计算结果一致,验证了设计单元的有效性,基于该单元设计了尺寸为90 mm×90 mm、单元数为15×15的透射型聚焦超表面,在中心频率f=15 GHz附近,左旋圆极化平面波照射时,透射波聚焦于L=40 mm的实焦点且透射波为照射波的交叉极化波.该超表面透镜效率高、厚度薄且为单层,易于加工,相对于传统透镜,优势明显,在操控电磁波、改善透镜性能方面有潜在应用价值.

摘要：金属材质以其特有的品质给工业设计带来灵感,科学技术的进步使金属创意的实现更为便捷。在现代设计理念影响下,金属创意已由传统的机械工具方面扩展到饮食、服饰领域,并被人们不断赋予新的象征意义。

摘要：目的探讨如何更好地发挥户外便携水壶的使用功能,增加户外运动用品与人的亲和性。根据户外运动水壶特殊使用环境及用户心理的需求,重新对其进行设计,为产品注入更多人性化的因素。方法以方式设计理论方法为指导,运用人机工程学的研究方法,从以人为本的角度出发,对日用便携水壶结构进行重新分析和设计,发现和改进不合理的使用方式,运用艺术与技术的整体化设计来提高水壶的使用功能,加强便携水壶对人们生活方式的影响。结论从方式设计的角度对户外便携水壶的重新设计,能够更好地发挥水壶的功能,从使用方式到携带方式都能为用户提供更人性化的使用体验,方式设计给设计师一个全新的视角诠释产品与使用者的关系,使产品设计更加科学合理。

摘要：Metasurfaces provide a potent platform for the dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic *** with phase-change materials,they facilitate the creation of versatile metadevices,showcasing various tunable functions based on the transition between amorphous and crystalline ***,the inherent limitation in tunable states imposes constraints on the multiplexing channels of ***,this paper introduces a novel approach-a multi-functional metadevice achieved through the two-level control of the encoding phasechange *** the phase-change material Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Se_(4)Te1(GSST)and high refractive-index liquid diiodomethane(CH_(2)I_(2)),this paper showcases precise control over electromagnetic wave *** GSST state governs the tunable function,switching it ON and OFF,while the presence of liquid in the hole dictates the deflection angle when the tunable function is ***,our tunable coding metasurface exhibits robust performance across a broad wavelength *** incorporation of high refractive-index liquid extends the regulatory dimension of the metadevice,enabling dynamic switching of encoding bit *** two-level tunable metadevice,rooted in phase-change materials,presents a promising avenue for the dynamic control of functions.