摘要：There is a relatively complex flow state inside the high speed on-off valve,which often produces low pressure area and oil reflux in the high-speed opening and closing process of the spool,causing cavitation and vortex and other *** phenomena will affect the stability of the internal flow field of the plate valve and the flow characteristics of the high speed on-off *** at the problems of small flow rate and instability of internal flow field,a new spool structure was *** flow field models of two-hole and three-hole plate spools with different openings were established,and software ANSYS Workbench was chosen to mesh the *** standard k−εturbulence model was selected for numerical simulation using FLUENT *** pressure distribution and velocity distribution under the same pressure and different opening degree were *** structure and parameters of the optimization model were also *** stability analysis of flow field under different pressure was carried *** results demonstrate that the three-hole spool has a similar flow field change with the two-hole spool,but it does not create a low pressure zone,and the three-hole spool can work stably at 2 MPa or *** method improves the appearance of low pressure area and oil backflow in the process of high speed opening and closing of *** stability of flow field and the flow rate of high speed switch valve are ***,the products designed in this paper are compared with existing hydraulic valve *** results show that the three-hole plate type high speed on-off valve designed in this paper maintains the stability of the internal flow field under the condition of 200 Hz and large opening degree,and realizes the increase of flow rate.

摘要：本文通过举例对已运营通车的地铁平行换乘车站综合管线设计的特点进行了说明,对其所涉及的专业进行了分类解读,列举了平行换乘车站综合管线相关的设计原则,剖析了综合管线设计的流程及相关心得,对综合管线设计的关键点、重难点及其处理措施进行了分析总结,提醒了需要注意的设计接口问题,并给出了相应的设计建议,旨在总结设计经验、把握设计关键点,规避设计误区、提高设计效率,以期为以后同类型地铁车站综合管线设计和施工提供参考。

摘要：为优选适于挤出搓圆法制备临方浓缩水丸的复合辅料种类和配比,并探究各辅料在临方浓缩水丸制备过程中的影响作用,该研究首先以“零辅料”临方浓缩水丸制备技术中适宜充当“辅料”的纤维料和粉性料中药为对标物料,以粉体物理性质中对软材物理性质影响较大的吸水性能和转矩流变性为依据,确定复合辅料的种类;进一步采用D-最优混料试验设计方法选出最优复合辅料的配比。为了证明最优复合辅料的通用性,选取3个出膏率分别为低、中、高的中药复方对最优配比进行验证;并以丸剂成型质量的4个参数为指标,探究各辅料对临方浓缩水丸成型的影响。优化得到的复合辅料种类及最佳配比为糊精-微晶纤维素-低取代羟丙纤维素1∶2∶4,采用该复合辅料制备临方浓缩水丸工艺稳定,丸剂成型质量好,适用范围广。其中糊精充当稀释剂,同时会加快丸剂的出条速度;MCC主要起黏合剂的作用,增加丸条的内聚性和黏性;L-HPC作为吸水剂和崩解剂,可以吸收、容纳浓缩液的水分,同时具有强崩解作用。

摘要：为优化前期已建立的临方水丸制剂处方预测模型,该研究选择山药、益母草、党参、苦杏仁、煅牡蛎分别为粉性料、纤维性料、糖性料、油性料、脆性料的代表性中药,利用混料均匀设计得到模型处方,以羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC-E5)水溶液为黏合剂,采用挤出搓圆法制备临方水丸。结合丸剂制备过程中的评价指标和多个模型的统计分析,优化并验证临方水丸制剂处方预测模型。得到临方水丸黏合剂浓度预测方程Y_(1)=-4.172+3.63XA+15.057X_(B)+1.838X_(C)-0.997XD(Y_(1)0时黏合剂质量分数为20%),黏合剂浓度预测模型整体正确率为96.0%;黏合剂用量预测方程Y_(2)=6.051+94.944 XA 1.5+161.977 X_(B)+70.078 X_(C)2+12.016 X_(D)^(0.3)+27.493 X_(E)^(0.3)-2.168 X_(F)^(-1)(R^(2)=0.954,P<0.001)。同时采用中药物料分类的语义预测模型对验证处方包含的中药物料进行分类,制备丸剂,验证临方水丸制剂处方预测模型,验证处方在制丸过程中均一次成型,且成型质量优于前期所建方法,实现了临方水丸制剂处方预测模型的优化。

摘要：刚性桩-半刚性桩-土工格栅是加固路基工程的一种有效方法,与传统桩网结构路基相比,桩-土相互作用更为复杂。为分析其承载特性,尤其是刚性桩桩身长度、桩径、桩间距和土工加筋材料及其种类对路基沉降和桩土应力比的影响规律,研究了复合路基加固优化设计方案,开展了在静力荷载下的室内模型试验和有限元方法理论计算。研究结果表明:刚性桩和半刚性桩的承载力均主要由侧摩阻力分担,但侧摩阻力发挥程度存在一定差异;路堤上部荷载在刚性桩-半刚性桩-土工格栅加固路基中沿中心桩体向边缘桩体传递,沿路堤行车方向向路堤横断面方向扩散;桩顶平面土体沉降在横断面上呈“W”分布,刚性桩能够显著减少其桩顶位置土体沉降量;在一定范围内,增加刚性桩的桩身长度、增大桩径、减小桩间距,能够减小7.12%~35.96%的路基土体变形和路基总沉降量,并提高路堤承载能力;在路堤中设置土工加筋材料,其与碎石垫层协同工作,可协调荷载在路基中重新分配,使其内部应力分布更为均衡;与土工格栅相比,土工格室具有三维立体结构,对减小路基内部土体沉降和调节荷载传递有更好的效果。在实际工程中,应根据上部荷载和地质条件,合理设计桩身长度、桩径和桩间距,选用合适的横向加筋体。

摘要：优选中药临方热熔压敏胶贴膏剂的基质处方,得到中药临方热熔压敏胶贴膏剂通用成型基质处方,并验证贴膏成型基质处方的适用性。采用JMP Pro 16.1.0中心复合设计试验法,以苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer,SIS)、氢化石油树脂、轻质液体石蜡不同用量进行试验,以中药益脾方细粉为模型药物(载药量10%),以感官评分和客观评价为综合评价指标,建立中药临方热熔压敏胶贴膏剂质量评价体系,优化中药临方热熔压敏胶贴膏剂的成型基质处方。选取16种中药贴膏剂处方对优化后的热熔压敏胶贴膏成型基质处方的适用性进行验证,并通过对不同载药量的考察对热熔胶贴膏成型基质处方的适用性进行进一步研究。热熔压敏胶型中药贴膏剂的通用成型基质处方中基质用量比例为SIS-氢化石油树脂-轻质液体石蜡3∶3∶5。以优化后的成型基质处方所制成的16种模型中药热熔压敏胶贴膏剂成型性好、质量评分较高,并适用于10%~30%载药量的饮片细粉贴膏,提示优化的成型基质处方有较好的适用性,为中药临方热熔压敏胶贴膏剂的应用和推广奠定基础。

摘要：为解决当前汽车气动减阻设计中基于工程师经验的试凑法所带来的盲目性与低效性,以及车身曲面难于参数化的问题,作者将离散伴随法和试验设计(Design of Experiment,DOE)引入汽车减阻优化流程,以阶梯背式MIRA模型为研究对象,通过对外流场进行数值计算,根据外流场特性和车辆表面灵敏度分析,确定优化变量;通过DOE创建样本空间,并采用网格变形技术对各优化变量进行参数化;通过CFD仿真获取各样本点的风阻系数;采用Kriging空间插值法来建立近似模型;使用自适应模拟退火算法对模型优化。优化后模型风阻系数较原模型共计降低16 counts,减阻5.4%,表明该方法在汽车气动减阻优化中有较好的减阻效果和可行性。

摘要：介绍了采用地震映像法和高密度电法对广州市白云区某场地地下土洞和溶洞情况进行物探勘查。勘查结果揭示了场地内溶洞、土洞的发育情况、分布规律及充填物,以及上部岩层的厚度情况。与钻探资料对比表明,物探推断与钻探资料较吻合,地质效果良好。综合勘查方法揭示了对类似场地的岩溶探测问题的有效解决方案。

摘要：以新疆乌尉高速上新光隧道为对象,研究不同跨径小净距隧道的合理净距与加固措施。运用MIDAS GTS NX软件建立隧道有限元模型,分析中夹岩在不同净距隧道工况下的水平位移、竖向位移、塑性区以及其竖向应力分布情况,确定小净距隧道的合理净距范围,并对中夹岩柱采用小导管注浆加固。结果表明:中夹岩的竖向应力曲线呈凹字形分布,其竖向应力集中分布在左右洞的拱腰位置处,而在连线中点位置的应力分布则较小。拱顶和地表位置的沉降均在沉降预留量150 mm之内。小净距隧道的合理净距为1B~2B,上新光隧道出口段的净距为15.4 m,符合小净距隧道的设计值。通过使用小导管注浆加固的措施对中夹岩柱进行加固,可增强其稳定性和整体性,从而减小围岩的形变量。

摘要：3D elastic-plastic FE model for simulating the force controlled stretch-bending process of double-cavity aluminum profile was established using hybrid explicit−implicit solvent *** the computational accuracy and efficiency,the optimal choices of numerical parameters and algorithms in FE modelling were *** formation mechanisms of cross-section distortion and springback were *** effects of pre-stretching,post-stretching,friction,and the addition of internal fillers on forming quality were *** results show that the stress state of profile in stretch-bending is uniaxial with only a circumferential *** stress distribution along the length direction of profile is non-uniform and the maximum tensile stress is located at a certain distance away from the center of *** aluminum profile is gradually attached to bending die,the distribution characteristic of cross-section distortion along the length direction of profile changes from V-shape to *** unloading the forming tools,cross-section distortion decreases obviously due to the stress relaxation,with a maximum distortion difference of 13%before and after *** pre-stretching and post-stretching forces increase,cross-section distortion increases gradually,while springback first decreases and then remains *** increasing friction between bending die and profile,cross-section distortion slightly decreases,while springback ***-section distortion decreases by 83%with adding PVC fillers into the cavities of profile,while springback increases by 192.2%.