摘要：Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped *** various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large *** the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight *** by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an *** propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston *** addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the *** mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah *** mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.

摘要：Superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces have been extensively inves- tigated due to their importance for industrial applications. It has been reported, however, that superhydrophobic surfaces are very sensitive to heat, ultraviolet （UV） light, and electric potential, which interfere with their long-term durability. In this study, we introduce a novel approach to achieve robust superhydrophobic thin films by designing architecture-defined complex nanostructures. A family of ZnO hollow microspheres with controlled constituent architectures in the morphologies of 1D nanowire networks, 2D nanosheet stacks, and 3D mesoporous nanoball blocks, respectively, was synthesized via a two-step self-assembly approach, where the oligomers or the constituent nanostructures with specially designed structures are first formed from surfactant templates, and then further assembled into complex morphologies by the addition of a second co-surfactant. The thin films composed of two-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with different architectures presented superhydrophobicities with contact angles of 150°-155°, superior to the contact angle of 103° for one-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with smooth and solid surfaces. Moreover, the robust superhydrophobicity was further improved by perfluorinated silane surface modification. The perfluorinated silane treated ZnO hollow microsphere thin films maintained excellent hydrophobicity even after 75 h of UV irradiation. The realization of environmentally durable promising solution for their long-term irradiations. superhydrophobic surfaces provides a service under UV or strong solar light

摘要：Discriminating between different liquids using surfaces with special wettability holds significant implications for both fundamental research and practical ***,current differentiation surfaces still struggle with challenges such as complex microstructure design,a limited detection range,and poor *** this study,we present a new platform for droplet discrimination achieved through a combination of groove structures and a liquid-like polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)brushes *** PDMS brushes coating exhibits excellent stability and low adhesion across a wide range of liquids with surface tensions ranging from 27.5 to 72.8 mN/m,while the groove structure provides distinct energy barriers for droplet ***,liquids with varying surface tensions can be effectively discriminated,as evidenced by the increased sliding angles(SAs)observed as liquids with lower surface tension moving across the ***,we utilized a three dimensional(3D)model of the droplet developed using Surface Evolver,and conducted energy variation calculations during droplet sliding across the groove to analyze the SA differences among liquids with different surface ***,we proposed two simple differentiation platforms that successfully demonstrated effective droplet *** work introduces a novel strategy for droplet discrimination,offering innovative ideas for the design of functional *** findings may potentially be applied in other fields involving droplet manipulation,such as droplet-based microchemical reactions and bio-detection.

摘要：立体构成课程与环境艺术设计专业两者间具备不可分割的关系,立体构成形态创造训练即塑造空间形态的物质基础。以当前环境艺术设计专业教学工作开展的情况为基础,结合近年来环境艺术设计专业教学经验,对环境艺术设计专业"立体构成"课程探索与实践进行分析,以期起到推动环境艺术设计专业教学发展的效果。

摘要：Cholesteric liquid crystal(CLC)particles can adaptively respond to constant changes in external stimuli and thus are widely used in solvent-sensing,pattern fabrication,and *** studies discussed the color change at the center of the particles for various ***,few studies analyzed the color change of the brush structure of particles in response to various applications because of the complicated birefringence *** this paper,we present a novel integrated sensing system based on the synergetic color change from the center and the brush structure of CLC *** system provides abundant and additional sensing information relative to the traditional *** particles are prepared by mixing reactive mesogens,a reactive chiral dopant,a non-reactive LC molecule,and a photoinitiator by using a microfluidic device and subsequent *** CLC particles exhibit gorgeous color at the center and brush structure upon various solvent stimuli because of the Bragg reflection and the birefringence effect,which is explained by the possible color-changing mechanism introduced in this *** proof-of-concept applications,such color-changing polymer particles are demonstrated in multi-solvent-sensing detection and pattern *** study provides new insights into the development of stimuli-responsive advanced functional materials with tailorable nanostructures toward technological applications ranging from sensing to display.

摘要：Recently,smart superwetting porous materials have aroused much attention,and it is well known that tunable surface wettability and pore structure/size are extremely important for their ***,only one factor can be regulated on existing materials,which significantly restricts their controllability,functions,and applications.A new material was prepared by electrodepositing a layer of polypyrrole on a shape memory sponge,on which switchable superhydrophobicity/superhydrophilicity and adjustable pore size within the range of about 28 nm to 895μm can be *** synergistically tuning the wettability and pore size,both ON/OFF water permeation and accurate flux can be ***,we also applied the sponge for molecule release,and diverse release manners with precise/smart controllability can be *** paper reports for the first time a smart material with controllability in both surface wetting and pore size,which provides a new strategy for the preparation of novel smart superwetting porous materials.

摘要：本文根据中国散裂中子源液氢循环泵的工作范围要求,提出液氢循环泵的总体设计思路,并针对叶轮型式和绝热结构开展设计研究。叶轮结构数值分析的结果显示,叶轮子午面流道进出口会出现较大分离泡从而影响氢泵的效率,后续将对此进行设计优化。绝热结构设计计算的结果显示,采用薄壁管的悬臂式延伸轴结构,液氢循环泵的轴向漏热值能够满足设计要求。

摘要：Introducing liquid-crystalline small-molecule donors(SMDs)into binary systems based on the strong intermolecular interactions of SMDs is a facile and effective strategy to tune the active layer morphology and improve the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Contrary to conventional understanding,this research proposes a new strategy for ternary OSCs implicating that"weakly crystalline materials can also optimize the morphology of the active layer and improve the OSCs performance".Herein,we designed and synthesized two liquid-crystalline SMDs,Z1 and Z2,based on benzodifuran(BDF)*** amorphous Z2-incorporated ternary devices present an unexpectedly improved power conversion efficiency(PCE)>18%with good *** contrast,the highly ordered Z1-based ternary devices possess a significantly depressed *** characterizations reveal that the Z2-based ternary blend films possess improved miscibility and efficient charge *** novel strategy for the selection of the third component is significant for the fabrication of high-efficiency ternary OSCs.

摘要：Smart-controlled surface wettability from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity has been extensively explored,and stimulus-responsive strategies have been widely accepted as a useful method to realize ***,achieving smart and precise wetting control remains challenging because most previous studies focused on stimulating single surface chemistry or ***,a dualstimulus-responsive strategy that can synergistically stimulate surface chemistry and microstructures is demonstrated on the pH-responsive molecule poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate(PDPAEMA)-modified temperature-triggered shape memory polymer(SMP)*** responsive PDPAEMA and SMP can provide the surface with tunable surface chemistry and microstructures,***,the wetting of the surface between various states can be reversibly and precisely controlled from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity with contact angle(CA)differences of less than 15° under the cooperative effect between the adjustable surface microstructure and *** surface is further utilized as a platform to create gradient wettings based on its excellent ***,this work presents a strategy for surface wetting control by combining tunable surface microstructures and *** prepared samples with a special wetting controllability can be applied to numerous fields,including adaptive liquid microlenses,accurate drug release,and selective *** work also proposes novel expectations in designing smart functional surfaces.

摘要：界面浸润性是材料科学的根本问题之一,浸润性调控的研究无论在探索新知识,还是创造新应用方面都有重要意义.在过去20余年里,江雷团队通过向自然学习,总结了超浸润现象的3条基本原理:(1)静态浸润性决定于纳米结构和表面能的协同效应;(2)表面超亲超疏在纳米结构上的转变点为液体亲疏界限;(3)化学组成梯度、粗糙梯度、曲率梯度等调控流体输运的方向.基于这些原理,进一步将超浸润界面材料体系扩展到界面化学.江雷团队建立了包括64个组合方案的超浸润界面材料体系,并拓展到不同压力和温度范围的各种液体体系,引领并推动了该领域在全球的发展.本文介绍了超浸润界面的设计与液/气/固三相界面浸润的新规律,若干超浸润界面材料体系在环境、农业、健康、材料、能源等领域的应用,以及近期关于量子限域超流领域的研究和应用前景.