摘要：In recent few years, significant improvement has been made in developing largescale 3D printers to accommodate the need of industrial-scale 3D printing. It is of great feasibility to construct structural components and buildings by means of 3D concrete printing. The major issues of this innovative technique focus on the preparation and optimization of concrete materials which possess favourable printable properties as well as the measurement and evaluation methods of their workability. This paper firstly introduces three largescale 3D printing systems that have been successfully applied in construction industry. It then summarizes the commonly used raw materials in concrete manufacturing. Critical factors that should be particularly controlled in material preparation are specified. Easy-extrusive, easy-flowing, well-buildable, proper setting time and low shrinkage are significant for concrete mixture to meet the critical requirements of a freeform construction process. Thereafter, measuring methods that can be employed to assess the fresh and hardened properties of concrete at early stages are suggested. Finally, a few of evaluation methods are presented which may offer certain assistance for optimizing material preparation. The objective of this work is to review current design methodologies and experimental measurement and evaluation methods for 3D printable concrete materials and promote its responsible use with largescale 3D printing technology.

摘要：This paper reports a synergistic design of high-performance BCC high-entropy alloy based on the combined consideration of the principles of intrinsic ductility of elements,maximum atomic size difference for solid solution strengthening and the valence electron concentration criterion for *** single-phase BCC HfNbTaTiV alloy thus designed exhibited a high compressive yield strength of 1350 MPa and a high compressive ductility of>45%at the room *** represents a 50%increase in yield strength relative to a HfNbTaTiZr *** is attributed to the maximized solid solution strengthening effect caused by lattice distortion,which is estimated to be 1094 *** alloy was also able to retain 53%of its yield strength and 77%of its ductility at 700℃.These properties are superior to those of most refractory BCC high-entropy alloys reported in the literature.

摘要：Candida albicans （C. albicans） infection has a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Owing to the inefficiency of the current diagnostic system and the absence of licensed vaccines against candidiasis, the prevention of C. albicans infection remains a challenge. C. albicans infection can be evaluated and prevented by the anti-secreted aspartyl proteinase 2 antibody （anti-Sap2 IgG） and Hsp90 antibody （anti-Hsp90 IgG）. In this study, to explore a new agent for the improvement of the diagnosis and the prevention of C. albicans infection, an engineered fd bacteriophage, which is considered a human-safe virus nanofiber, was designed and prepared with two epitopes that could induce and capture anti-Sap2 IgG and anti-Hsp90 IgG. The dual-display phage was employed as a novel capture probe to develop a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （EliSA） method, which significantly improved the detection rate compared with those of the EliSA in which recombinant protein Sap2 was used as coating antigen to capture the spedfic antibodies （rSap2-EliSA） and the EliSA in which recombinant protein Hsp90 was used as coating antigen to capture the specific antibodies （rHsp90-EliSA）. In addition, the nanofibers acted as a potential vaccine to immunize mice, as well as recombinant proteins, more efficiently mediated humoral and cellular immune responses, decreased levels of C. albicans colonization, and increased the survival rates in C. albicans-infected mice. Therefore, the phage dual-display nanofiber has been shown to be a powerful bifunctional agent for protection against and sensitive detection of clinical infections, which has the potential to be widely used in the life sciences, clinical medicine, and environmental sciences.

摘要：审美情趣并非天生就有,需要从儿童时期开始培养。审美情趣,既包含情,更重视趣。审美情趣是高级的趣味,是把对美的情感深化为一种深层情意的趣味。儿童审美情趣是由对生活之美的肯定所生发的愉悦,即儿童内心深处自然生发的对于生活之美的肯定,是有节制的快乐。儿童审美情趣的发生条件,包括认知能力维度和情感维度两大方面:从儿童审美情趣的认知维度看,一要“识趣”,对艺术知识、技能与方法要有基本了解;二要“赏趣”,对艺术表现形式要有领会;三要“取趣”,要养成一定的审美感知力和判断力。从儿童审美情趣的情感维度讲,儿童的艺术审美既要注重“志趣”,坚持健康的审美价值取向;也要注重“纳趣”,对美的显现有接纳的兴趣;还要注重“兴趣”,保持积极的审美表达热情。儿童的审美情趣可以借助不同艺术教育实践得到增进:通过语言艺术教育实践增进儿童的审美理解力与欣赏力;通过音体美教育实践增进儿童享用趣味生活的能力;通过多样性的文化艺术教育实践促进儿童生命的全面觉醒。丰富且健康的审美情趣让儿童成为生活的艺术家。

摘要：宋代女性花冠服饰艺术承继于唐代,具有独特的时代性,是宋代女性服饰区别于其他朝代的标志之一,也是宋朝文化具体的物化体现。宋代女性花冠服饰艺术体现高超的工艺水平,蕴含丰富的历史信息,文化记忆与内涵。本文通过研究宋代女性花冠服饰艺术,意在从独特的角度了解宋朝时代背景,探讨出宋时期女性佩戴花冠风尚盛行现象背后复杂的因素,展现出花冠的艺术之美及其所蕴含的意韵,并通过所学知识,设计出一套带有宋代美学特点的灯具作品。

摘要：A wearable and high-precision sensor for sound signal acquisition and recognition was fabricated from thin films of specially designed graphene woven fabrics （GWFs）. Upon being stretched, a high density of random cracks appears in the network, which decreases the current pathways, thereby increasing the resistance. Therefore, the film could act as a strain sensor on the human throat in order to measure one＇s speech through muscle movement, regardless of whether or not a sound is produced. The ultra-high sensitivity allows for the realization of rapid and low-frequency speech sampling by extracting the signature characteristics of sound waves. In this study, representative signals of 26 English letters, typical Chinese characters and tones, and even phrases and sentences were tested, revealing obvious and characteristic changes in resistance. Furthermore, resistance changes of the graphene sensor responded perfectly with pre-recorded sounds. By combining artificial intelligence with digital signal processing, we expect that, in the future, this graphene sensor will be able to successfully negotiate complex acoustic systems and large quantities of audio data.

摘要：Advances in the photocurrent conversion of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides have enabled the realization and application of ultrasensitive and broad-spectral photodetectors. The requirements of previous devices constantly drive for complex technological implementation, resulting in limits in scale and complexity. Furthermore, the development of large-area and low-cost photodetectors would be beneficial for applications. Therefore, we demonstrate a novel design of a heterojunction photodetector based on solution-processed ultrathin MoSe2 nanosheets to satisfy the requirements of its application. The photodetector exhibits a high sensitivity to visible–near infrared light, with a linear dynamic range over 124 decibels (dB), a detectivity of ~1.2 × 1012Jones, and noise current approaching 0.1 pA·Hz–1/2at zero bias. Significantly, the device shows an ultra-high response speed up to 30 ns with a 3-dB predicted bandwidth over 32 MHz, which is far better than that of most of the 2D nanostructured and solution-processable photodetectors reported thus far and is comparable to that of commercial Si photodetectors. Combining our results with material-preparation methods, together with the methodology of device fabrication presented herein, can provide a pathway for the large-area integration of low-cost, high-speed photodetectors. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

摘要：The presence of anti-p53 antibody in serum is a biomarker for cancer. However, its high sensitivity detection is still an issue in cancer diagnosis. To tackle this challenge, we used fd phage, a human-safe bacteria-specific virus nanofiber that can be mass-produced by infecting host bacteria in an error-free manner, and genetically engineered it to display a peptide capable of recognizing and capturing anti-p53 antibody on its side wall. We employed the resultant phage nanofibers as a capture probe to develop a modified version of the enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （EliSA） method, termed phage-EliSA. We compared it to the traditional EliSA method for the detection of anti-p53 antibody, p53-EliSA, which uses recombinant wild-type p53 protein to capture anti-p53 antibody. We applied phage-EliSA to detect anti-p53 antibody in an experimental group of 316 patients with various types of malignant tumors. We found that a detection rate of 17.7% （56 positive cases） was achieved by phage-EliSA, which was comparable to the detection rate of 20.6% for p53-EliSA （65 positive cases）. However, when both phage and p53 were combined to form antibody-capturing probes for phage/p53-EliSA, a detection rate of 30.4% （96 positive cases） was achieved. Our work showed that owing to the combined capture of the anti-p53 antibody by both phage nanofibers and p53, the phage/p53-EliSA achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy and detection efficiency for the anti-p53 antibody in patients with various types of cancers. Our work suggests that a combination of nanofibers and antigens, both of which capture antibody, could lead to increased detection sensitivity, which is useful for applications in the life sciences, clinical medicine, and environmental sciences.

摘要：为了解决小汽车快速增长给城市带来的停车难、停车乱问题,以佛山市南海区停车资源普查数据为基础,总结归纳老旧住宅、学校、医院等5类停车难片区现状,找出停车供需突出矛盾,制定“精准增供、精益治理、精细管理”的思路策略,并将南新一路沿线老旧住宅片区作为示例,提出通过挖潜停车增量、盘活停车存量、提高停车效率、强化停车管理等综合治理新方法,有效改善片区停车难问题。所提出的方法可为城市片区级停车难综合治理提供参考。

摘要：混凝土面板堆石坝是当前最有竞争力的坝型,为保障高混凝土面板堆石坝的安全,坝体和面板的应力变形性状以及接缝位移成为研究的重点之一,通过止水材料开发、接缝止水结构设计和止水结构防渗模型试验研究提出了高混凝土面板堆石坝新型止水结构,并应用于高混凝土面板堆石坝工程。在此基础上进行了高坝新型接缝止水结构力学特性试验研究,形成了试验方法,建立了高坝新型止水结构的劲度表达式,通过在某高坝工程的应用表明提出的接缝止水应力应变关系全面反映高坝新型止水结构各主要部件对于面板与趾板以及面板之间力的传递的贡献,更好地反映复杂地形地质条件下高坝设计布置的影响,具有一定的工程应用价值。