摘要：For accurate prediction of via yield, via chains are usually fabricated on test chips to investigate issues about vias. To minimize the randomness of experiments and make the testing results more convincing, the confidence level and estimation precision of the via failure rate are investigated in this paper. Based on the Poisson yield model, the method of determining an adequate number of total vias is obtained using the law of large numbers and the de Moivre-Laplace theorem. Moreover, for a specific confidence level and estimation precision, the method of determining a suitable via chain length is proposed. For area minimization, an optimal combination of total vias and via chain length is further determined. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the method is in good accordance with theoretical analyses. Results of via failure rates measured on test chips also reveal that via chains designed using the proposed method has a better performance. In addition, the proposed methodology can be extended to investigate statistical significance for other failure modes.

摘要：Due to the importance of metal layers in the product yield,serpentine test structures are usually fabricated on test chips to extract parameters for yield *** this paper,the confidence level and estimation precision of the average defect density on metal layers are investigated to minimize the randomness of experimental results and make the measured parameters more *** the basis of the Poisson yield model,the method to determine the total area of all serpentine test structures is obtained using the law of large numbers and the lindeberg-Levy ***,the method to determine an adequate area of each serpentine test structure is proposed under a specific requirement of confidence level and estimation *** results of Monte Carlo simulation show that the proposed method is consistent with theoretical *** is also revealed by wafer experimental results that the method of designing serpentine test structure proposed in this paper has better performance.

摘要：Cadmium sulfide(CdS)is an n-type semiconductor with excellent electrical conductivity that is widely used as an electron transport material(ETM)in solar *** present,numerous methods for preparing CdS thin films have emerged,among which magnetron sputtering(MS)is one of the most commonly used vacuum *** this type of technique,the substrate temperature is one of the key deposition parameters that affects the interfacial properties between the target film and substrate,determining the specific growth habits of the ***,the effect of substrate temperature on the microstructure and electrical properties of magnetron-sputtered CdS(MS-CdS)films was studied and applied for the first time in hydrothermally deposited antimony selenosulfide(Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3))solar *** the substrate temperature not only results in the design of the flat and dense film with enhanced crystallinity but also leads to the formation of an energy level arrangement with a Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3)layer that is more favorable for electron *** addition,we developed an oxygen plasma treatment for CdS,reducing the parasitic absorption of the device and resulting in an increase in the short-circuit current density of the solar *** study demonstrates the feasibility of MS-CdS in the fabrication of hydrothermal Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3)solar cells and provides interface optimization strategies to improve device performance.

摘要：针对轨道交通弯道精细化和人性化设计问题,量化行人自适应特性指标及计算原理,采用行人可控实验采集相关数据,并运用基本图原理验证行人可控实验数据;开展弯道行人自适应特性研究,分析了弯道设计对行人自适应特性的影响.结果表明:弯道角度越大,行人自适应行为的稳定性越强,安全性越高;弯道半径的临界点为7 m,7 m前行人自适应特性随半径增大而趋于一致,稳定性增强,7 m后则降低;角度在[120°,160°]和半径[4,10]m范围下的行人自适应特性表现最稳定,效率最高;角度[100°,110°]与170°和半径[11,15]m次之;角度90°和半径1 m的行人稳定性最差,最不安全.在客流较大时,建议参考的弯道角度范围为[120°,160°]和半径范围为[4,10]m.

摘要：针对儿童高空坠楼问题,本文利用目标检测与目标测距技术设计了一种高空坠楼监测预警系统.系统改善了现有YOLO目标检测算法模型过大参数量过多的问题,同时还借助单目摄像头测距方法设计了一种新的危险距离测量算法.实验结果表明,改进后的目标检测算法在保证其他参数相差不大的情况下,model size与比原来的YOLOv8n降低了1.99 MB,parameters比原始模型降低了1.039×109.新设计的危险距离测量算法在4个不同场景100组数据中横向误差均值为2.29 cm,纵向误差均值为3.16 cm,危险监测预警准确率92%.综合说明,本文设计的高空坠楼检测预警系统准确性高、实用性强,有较高的社会应用价值.

摘要：针对永磁同步电机驱动的伺服系统在不确定性摩擦和未知负载的影响下难以达到高精度的控制效果,提出一种基于区间二型模糊系统的带有输出约束的有限时间自适应输出反馈控制方案.首先,构建一个基于非线性扰动观测器的区间二型模糊状态观测器,分别完成对于未知扰动和速度的估计,区间二型模糊系统完成对于非线性摩擦的逼近;然后,在此基础上,结合滤波误差补偿机制和有限时间技术,引入障碍Lyapunov函数和反步控制技术设计输出约束的自适应区间二型模糊输出反馈控制器;最后,根据Lyapunov稳定性理论提出严格的稳定性分析,保证闭环系统的所有信号均是有限时间内有界的,并通过数值仿真和实验验证了所提出方法的有效性.

摘要：通过有限元非线性时程分析,对比API规范法与考虑土体强度折减作用后某海上升压站桩基及上部平台结构的水平向应力与变形等主要设计指标,结果表明,考虑土体强度折减后,土体对于桩基的水平向约束力减弱,单桩的变形与受力均出现大幅增加,且上部结构的整体水平运动特征更为显著,使用API规范计算上部平台结构的应力结果偏保守,建议在海上升压站的桩基础设计时根据场地土的特性选取土体强度折减模型并着重校核桩基础的关键设计指标。

摘要：可再生能源在利用过程中存在瞬时性、不稳定性以及供应与需求不匹配等问题。热化学储热技术具有储能密度大、储热温度高等特点,能够实现高效长时储热,可以将不稳定的可再生能源转化为稳定的中高温热能,并满足用户侧的波动需求。针对工作温度范围为400~1 100℃的中高温热化学储热材料,阐述了其分类、基本原理和特点,系统总结了碳酸盐、氢氧化物、氧化物、金属氢化物、氨和甲烷等典型热化学储热材料及其储热性能,分析了其结构定向调控及改性方法,并对典型的工程应用进行了介绍;分析了固-气和气-气反应体系的反应器设计及系统集成的研究进展,并针对优质热化学储能材料在开发及工业应用方面存在的问题,指出了未来的发展方向。

摘要：为探究弹体高速冲击下,高强钢-钢筋混凝土复合防护结构的穿甲侵彻机理和厚度极限计算方法,为此类复合防护结构设计提供依据和参考,文章通过弹体侵彻复合靶模型试验确定了高强钢-钢筋混凝土复合结构的穿甲模式,对前覆高强钢板与钢筋混凝土背板的受力情况进行解耦分析,建立了高强钢-钢筋混凝土复合防护结构临界穿甲理论模型;基于冲击动力学理论,建立了无背板支撑下高强钢、无限厚背板支撑下高强钢与钢筋混凝土背板共3类厚度极限控制方程,提出该类复合防护结构整体厚度极限计算方法;设计开展了弹体侵彻高强钢-C40钢筋混凝土复合靶验证性试验,试验结果证明了计算方法的可靠性,揭示了复合防护结构抗侵彻机理;根据理论模型的假设,最后对计算方法的适用性和误差进行了讨论.研究结果表明:理论计算结果总体与试验验证的结果相吻合,由于不考虑弹体质量损失与材料动态应变率效应等因素,理论计算的厚度极限结果较试验验证数据偏高,对于工程防护设计而言偏向安全.

摘要：In modern terminology,“organoids”refer to cells that grow in a specific three-dimensional(3D)environment in vitro,sharing similar structures with their source organs or *** themorphology or growth characteristics of organoids through a microscope is a commonly used method of organoid ***,it is difficult,time-consuming,and inaccurate to screen and analyze organoids only manually,a problem which cannot be easily solved with traditional *** intelligence(AI)technology has proven to be effective in many biological and medical research fields,especially in the analysis of single-cell or hematoxylin/eosin stained tissue *** used to analyze organoids,AI should also provide more efficient,quantitative,accurate,and fast *** this review,we will first briefly outline the application areas of organoids and then discuss the shortcomings of traditional organoid measurement and analysis ***,we will summarize the development from machine learning to deep learning and the advantages of the latter,and then describe how to utilize a convolutional neural network to solve the challenges in organoid observation and ***,we will discuss the limitations of current AI used in organoid research,as well as opportunities and future research directions.