摘要：Refractory alloys such as tungsten and molybdenum based alloys with high strength,thermal/electrical conductivity,low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent creep resistances are highly desirable for applications in nuclear facilities,critical components in aerospace and defense ***,the serious embrittlement limits the engineering usability of some refractory alloys.A lot of research results indicate that the performances of refractory alloys are closely related to the physical/chemical status,such as the interface dimension,interface type,interface composition of their grain boundaries(GBs),phase boundaries(PBs)and other interface *** paper reviewed the recent progress of simulations and experiments on interface design strategies that achieve high performance refractory *** strategies include GB interface purifying/strengthening,PB interface strengthening and PB/GB synergistic *** details are provided on the design/fabrication strategy such as GB interface controlling,PB interface controlling and synergistic control of multi-scaled *** corresponding performances such as the mechanical property,thermal conductivity,thermal load resistance,thermal stability,irradiation resistance,and oxidation resistance are reviewed in the aspect to the effect of *** addition,the relationships between these interfaces and material properties are ***,future developments and potential new research directions for refractory alloys are proposed.

摘要：为保障直挂电网的百兆乏级静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的装置安全和电网安全,需建立一套完整可靠的保护系统。文中基于南方电网4套百兆乏级链式STATCOM的科技创新和工程实践,阐述了STATCOM装置的全套保护功能设计。利用出口策略对功率单元保护进行分类,并利用信号来源对换流链保护进行分级,根据故障的严重程度采取旁路、闭锁、跳闸三级出口策略。通过双重过流保护和STATCOM跳35kV开关失灵保护的设计,提高了STATCOM运行的安全性。通过功率单元在线旁路功能和换流链过流闭锁重启功能的出口策略优化设计,实现了保护与控制一体化,保障了STATCOM运行的高可靠性。

摘要：在30天的生长试验中，采用90头断奶母猪（杜洛克×长白×约克夏）研究乳铁蛋白（LF）对生长性能、免疫功能和血清铁浓度的影响。90头试验猪采用随机完全区组设计，以体重和窝别为基础，分别饲喂3种试验饲粮。每个处理3个重复，每个重复10头猪（饲养在一个猪栏中）。试验饲粮分别为：基础饲粮（对照组），基础饲粮＋黄霉素20mg·kg^-1＋金霉素110mg·kg^-1（抗生素组），基础饲粮＋乳铁蛋白1．0mg·kg^-1（乳铁蛋白组）。在试验的第15，30天时，分别从每个处理中随机选择6头试验猪（每个猪栏2头），屠宰以收集血清和脾脏。在第15天时，与对照组相比，添加乳铁蛋白可以极显著改善植物凝集素（PHA）刺激周围淋巴细胞增殖，提高36％（P〈0．01）；可以极显著增强刀豆蛋白A（ConA）和植物凝集素诱导脾脏淋巴细胞增殖，分别提高332％和258％（P〈0．01）；血清免疫球蛋白水平被显著提高，IgG，IgA和IgM分别被提高20％，13％和15％（P〈0．05）；补体4（C4）被显著提高29％，白介素-2（IL-2）被极显著提高12％（P〈0．05）；血清铁浓度被显著提高22％（P〈0.05）。在第30天时，与对照组相比，添加乳铁蛋白可以极显著增强植物凝集素（PHA）刺激淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0．01）；血清免疫球蛋白水平被显著提高，IgG和IgA分别被提高16％和17％（P〈0.05）；补体4（C4）被显著提高11％，白介素-2被极显著提高14％（P〈0．05）；血清铁浓度被极显著提高23％（P〈0.01）；显著降低腹泻率（P〈0．05）。在第15天时，与对照组相比，添加抗生素能显著增强刀豆蛋白A和植物凝集素诱导脾脏淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.05）。在第30天时，与对照组相比，添加抗生素能显著降低腹泻率（P〈0．05），显著增强植物凝集素诱导脾脏淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.05），能极显著提高血清铁浓度（P〈0．01）。这些结果表明：乳铁蛋白作为免疫增强剂使用是可行的，它可以改善免疫功能和增强宿主防御体系，这也可能是防御断奶仔猪免受感染和断奶应激的一种好方法。

摘要：Novel CdSe quantum dot （QD）-sensitized Au/TiO2 hybrid mesoporous films have been designed, fabricated, and evaluated for photoelectrochemical （PEC） applications. The Au/TiO2 hybrid structures were made by assembly of Au and TiO2 nanoparticles （NPs）. A chemical bath deposition method was applied to deposit CdSe QDs on TiO2 NP films with and without Au NPs embedded. We observed significant enhancements in photocurrent for the film with Au NPs, in the entire spectral region we studied （350-600 nm）. Incident-photon-to-current efficiency （IPCE） data revealed an average enhancement of 50%, and the enhancement was more significant at short wavelength. This substantially improved PEC performance is tentatively attributed to the increased light absorption of CdSe QDs due to light scattering by Au NPs. Interestingly, without QD sensitization, the Au NPs quenched the photocurrent of TiO2 films, due to the dominance of electron trapping over light scattering by Au NPs. The results suggest that metal NPs are potentially useful for improving the photoresponse in PEC cells and possibly in other devices such as solar cells based on QD-sensitized metal oxide nanostructured films. This work demonstrates that metal NPs can serve as light scattering centers, besides functioning as photo-sensitizers and electron traps. The function of metal NPs in a particular nanocomposite film is strongly dependent on their structure and morphology.

摘要：基于青藏铁路楚玛尔河试验段10年（2003～2013）的地温监测资料，对青藏铁路4种典型路基结构的长期热状况进行了对比分析．结果表明，不同路基结构的长期热状况表现出较大的差异．普通路基与块石基底路基地温场存在明显的不对称分布，表明以上两种路基结构不利于路基的长期热稳定．但块石护坡路基与u型块石路基的地温场分布则表现出了较好的对称性．尽管块石护坡路基下浅层冻土地温存在一定的降温过程，但深层多年冻土却呈现出缓慢升温趋势，显示u型块石路基的热稳定性要优于块石护坡路基．被监测的4种路基结构中，u型块石路基在降低多年冻土温度与提高路基地温场对称性方面表现出了最佳的长期效应．基于青藏铁路10年的监测结果，充分肯定了主动冷却路基设计思路在保护冻土路基长期热稳定性方面的有效性，同时采用冷却路基技术的青藏铁路也达到了时速100kmh-1的设计要求．尽管如此，由于坡向效应所导致的路基左右路肩下的热差异存在于所有监测的路基结构中，但不同结构的热差异幅度不同，并将可能导致路基发生潜在的非均匀性沉降变形，因此需要在后续的维护工程中进行调整．

摘要：基于频谱预测对认知用户进行能量有效性设计,重新设计认知用户的帧结构,在频谱感知前加入频谱预测时隙,在预测为空闲的信道中选择信道进行频谱感知,避免浪费频谱感知能量,与传统认知用户相比,提高了能量有效性。推导表明,认知用户能量效率由频谱预测能量、频谱预测时长、认知无线网络通信强度、信道数量决定。仿真结果表明,为了提高认知用户的能量效率,频谱预测参数必须满足预测能量低于32mW、预测时长小于15ms的条件。认知无线网络的通信强度的提高和信道数量的增加能够提高认知用户的能量效率。

摘要：Polycaprolactone-carboxymethyl cellulose composites have been obtained and used to print porous structures by material *** materials used contained 0,2 and 5% w/w of the carboxymethyl cellulose *** structures have been analyzed in terms of their morphology (including the evaluation of their porosity),mechanical properties under compression load and cell *** affinity has been evaluated by culturing sheep mesenchymal stem cells and analyzing their viability by the Alamar Blue(R)assay at days 1,3,6 and *** results show that composites samples have similar values of porosity and apparent density than pure polycaprolactone ***,samples containing 5%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose have micropores on the filaments due to a hindered deposition *** characteristic affects the mechanical properties of the structures,so these ones have a mean compression modulus significantly lower than pure polycaprolactone ***, the samples containing 2%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose show no significant difference with the pure polycaprolactone ones in terms of their mechanical ***,the presence of 2%w/w of additive improves cell proliferation on the surface of the porous *** complementary information,the flow properties of the composite materials were studied and the power law equations at 210℃ obtained,as this temperature was the 3D printing *** equations can be useful for simulation and designing purposes of other manufacturing processes.

摘要：发动机润滑液瞬态振荡过程属于复杂的流固耦合问题,建立了曲轴-油底壳-润滑油流固耦合模型,采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日(CEL)算法分析了车辆在启动、加速、制动和转向工况下的润滑油振荡响应,并对瞬态振荡过程进行了可视化,得到各个时刻润滑油的真实振荡情况;对CEL方法的有限元建模、体积分数处理作了分析与探讨,在此基础上对液体震荡情况下油底壳壁面进行了动态响应分析,得到了油底壳应力响应时间历程,结果表明在液体震荡的情况下,油底壳壁面应力曲线会出现尖刺现象,这对整机的NVH性能有很大影响。该结果对发动机设计中如何实现瞬态液体振荡过程的可视化和降低噪声有实际意义。

摘要：目的:评估所设计的3种合金在人造生理环境中的耐腐蚀性能。方法:实验于2006-06在河北工业大学生物实验室完成。观察3种基于d-电子合金设计方法设计的具有较低弹性模量的新型亚稳β钛合金Ti35Nb10zr、Ti35Nb8zr2Mo、Ti20Nb15zr10Mo和对比合金Ti6Al4V在Hank’s人工模拟体液中的电化学行为,分析合金铸锭的自腐蚀电位Ecorr随时间变化的关系曲线及阳极极化曲线。结果:①在浸入Hank’s人工模拟体液40min后,所设计的Ti35Nb10zr合金具有最低的自腐蚀电位值,为-252mV,Ti35Nb8zr2Mo、Ti20Nb15zr10Mo的自腐蚀电位值则较高,分别为-217mV和-165mV。而对比合金Ti6Al4V则具有最高的自腐蚀电位值,为-98mV。②从阳极极化曲线得到的自腐蚀电流密度(腐蚀速率)Icorr值来看,Ti35Nb8zr2Mo具有最大的Icorr值,为14.84mA/m2,其次分别为Ti20Nb15zr10Mo(6.03mA/m2)和Ti35Nb10zr(1.38mA/m2)。而Ti6Al4V则具有最小的Icorr值,为0.70mA/m2。③从腐蚀前的合金铸锭及Ti6Al4V(锻态)的扫描电镜照片看,所设计的3种合金铸锭表面均较锻态Ti6Al4V粗糙。结论:Mo含量的多少对于合金的耐腐蚀倾向大小具有一定作用。动电位极化曲线以及用于耐腐蚀实验的合金试样腐蚀前的扫描电镜照片表明影响合金耐蚀性的因素除化学成分外,合金的表面状况(粗糙度不同)可能也起到了重要作用。

摘要：为了使无线电干涉定位系统(RIPS)支持移动锚节点在发射测距信号的同时将自身变化的位置信息广播出去,提出使用二进制频移键控(BFSK)信号代替原单音信号作为新的测距信号。设计了新信号参数,可以从新信号相位中提取节点间的距离信息。提出了基于解调数据辅助的最大似然估计法,用于BFSK信号的相位估计。通过仿真可以得到在中高信噪比时,所提估计方法能够达到克拉美罗界,且相比无解调数据辅助的方法,在达到相同性能时可节省约3dB的信号功率。结果表明,使用BFSK信号时,RIPS可以应用于含有移动锚节点的传感器网络节点定位中。