摘要：As defined in a decree issued in the spring of 583,the three heads or sanzhang system,designed to be implemented chiefly in the old Northern Qi area in Shandong,basically followed the Northern Qi version of 564,with slight *** the setting up of a system of xiang heads(xiangzheng乡正)who would hear disputes among the common people,as recommended in Su Wei’s memorial of the same year,the judicial position of xiangzheng coexisted with the administrative positions of the three-heads(or two-heads)*** xiangli(乡里)system announced in the edict of 589 targeted the territory previously under the Chen dynasty;it was basically a continuation of the xiangli system of rural control originally based on a Han dynasty model and followed since then in the south under the Eastern Jin and the Southern *** the reform of the bureaucratic system in 607,the xiangli system centered on xiangzheng and lizhang became the basic system of rural administration under the Sui *** the course of its design and creation,the system had to take into account the institutions already existing in the target area and the question of ***“inconsistency”or“regional variation”was built into the ***,in actual practice there was a tendency toward convergence that led to uniformity of *** Chinese history,the coexistence of regional variation and uniformity was a marked feature of the formation and implementation of different systems.

摘要：汉唐时期对于海潮的认识主要有两个源头。一是立足于观察的经验性认识,来自具有海洋生活经验的滨海人群,主要是针对潮位、潮时。在观察过程中,人们认识到潮汐变化与月亮盈缩相关,以此为基础推算潮时,设计高低潮时推算表,并进行利用。二是立足于想象与演绎的观念性认识,主要来自知识精英。他们根据具象经验做出想象,结合海与百川、天汉,以及日、月等世界构成的观念,提出天河入海相激成潮、日激水而潮生、地动气变而致潮汐等阐释潮汐成因及其变化的理论。二者相辅相成,共同构成汉唐时期的海潮知识体系。

摘要：研究多小波变换零树图像编码的性能 .在标量零树方面 ,通过对图像多小波系数的重新排列 ,提出了新的多小波系数树的定义 ,并由实验证明它比直接采用单小波零树的组织更为有效 ;在矢量零树方面 ,根据多小波变换处理的是矢量信号这一特点 ,提出了矢量四叉树的数据结构 ,并从最优率失真意义上设计了矢量量化的多小波零树编码方案 ,结果表明 ,在该方案下 ,多小波比优选的