摘要：近年来,含糖饮料作为居民日常摄入的重要添加糖来源之一,是各国研究的热点内容。该文以科学网和中国知网数据库中与含糖饮料有关的文献作为研究对象,以VOSviewer 1.6.20和Citespace 6.3.R1软件为研究工具,以文献计量学为研究方法,系统地分析了含糖饮料相关研究的发文量、关键词、作者、机构、和发文国家等信息,较全面地呈现了国内外含糖饮料的研究现状与发展趋势。通过分析发现,大量研究表明含糖饮料与超重、肥胖和多种慢性疾病密切相关。居民含糖饮料过多摄入问题已引起世界许多国家关注,并纷纷采取相关警示措施以控制其摄入。“健康标识”制度作为一种有效的警示措施对调控含糖饮料摄入具有重要作用。因此,该文较为系统地呈现国内外“健康标识”制度的研究状况以及未来发展趋势,为“健康标识”制度在我国饮料行业的应用和发展提供参考。

摘要：早采行为已成为制约猕猴桃产业经济效益提高的主要因素之一。该文基于外观品质、理化特性及贮藏特性等多维度解析早采猕猴桃果实的品质演变规律。结果表明,早采3周和4周的果实的外形还未停止生长,果形指数较高,单果重较低,造成严重的产量损失。其次,无论是采收时(at harvest,AH),常温成熟(room temperature maturation,RTM),还是冷藏成熟(low temperature maturation,LTM),早采猕猴桃的可溶性固形物含量均显著低于正常采收组。早采4周的猕猴桃常温成熟后,果实糖含量较低而酸含量较高;冷藏成熟后,相比正常采收组,早采4周的猕猴桃糖和酸含量分别损失73%和29.76%,糖酸比严重失调。RTM和LTM处理后,早采2~4周猕猴桃的失重率和腐烂率随采收期的提前而显著提高。经LTM处理,早采2~4周猕猴桃均发生了较为严重的冷害症状,其冷害率、冷害指数、细胞膜透性均显著高于正常采收期。该研究探明了早采对猕猴桃外观品质、理化品质和贮藏特性的影响,为猕猴桃适时采收提供一定的理论依据。

摘要：为解析不同生态区摩尔多瓦葡萄酒的风味物质基础及感官特征,对源自陕西省3个产区(渭北旱塬、关中平原和陕南山岭)的摩尔多瓦葡萄酒的基础理化指标、色度、有机酸、酚类物质、单体酚、单体花色苷、挥发性物质及感官评价结果进行分析。研究发现,摩尔多瓦葡萄酒的酒精度低,颜色亮度较低、饱和度高,整体呈现紫红色或宝石红色。酚类物质中,总花色苷和总黄烷-3-醇是区分渭北旱塬和陕南山岭摩尔多瓦葡萄酒的重要指标。可根据单体酚物质的偏最小二乘法判别分析模型将来自3产区的样品明显区分。挥发性化合物共检测出162种,有34种香气化合物的气味活度值>1,影响陕西香气特征的重要挥发性化合物有大马士酮、乙酸乙酯、正己酸乙酯、正己醇和辛酸,可能会带来甜香、果香、草本、脂肪类的气味特征。丁酸乙酯、异丁酸乙酯、2,3-丁二酮和十二醛是渭北旱塬摩尔多瓦葡萄酒的特征香气物质;3-苯丙酸乙酯是关中平原的特征香气物质;而正庚醇和1-戊醇是陕南山岭的特征香气物质。综合感官评分结果为:渭北旱塬>陕南>关中平原。

摘要：By using observational daily precipitation data over the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin, ERA-40 data, and the data from eight CMIP5 climate models, statistical downscaling models are constructed based on BP-CCA （combination of empirical orthogonal function and canonical correlation analysis） to project future changes of precipitation. The results show that the absolute values of domain-averaged precipitation relative errors of most models are reduced from 8%-46% to 1% 7% after statistical downscaling. The spatial correlations are all improved from less than 0.40 to more than 0.60. As a result of the statistical downscaling multi- model ensemble （SDMME）, the relative error is improved from -15.8% to -1.3%, and the spatial correlation increases significantly from 0.46 to 0.88. These results demonstrate that the simulation skill of SDMME is relatively better than that of the multimodel ensemble （MME） and the downscaling of most individual models. The projections of SDMME reveal that under the RCP （Representative Concentration Pathway） 4.5 scenario, the projected domain-averaged precipitation changes for the early （2016-2035）, middle （2046 2065）, and late （2081-2100） 21st century are 1.8%, 6.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. For the early period, the increasing trends of precipitation in the western region are relatively weak, while the precipitation in the east shows a decreasing trend. Furthermore, the reliability of the projected changes over the area east of l15°E is higher than that in the west. The stations with significant increasing trends are primarily located over the western region in both the middle and late periods~ with larger magnitude for the latter. Stations with high reliability mainly appear in the region north of 28.5°N for both periods.

摘要：目的建立基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(maLDI-TOF MS)基因分型检测技术,并应用于探索血小板抗原(HPA)-29-35w低频基因在广西地区献血人群中的多态性。方法确定7个目的基因突变位点在单核苷酸多态性数据库(dbSNP)中的rs号,利用massARRAY平台在线引物设计工具Assay Design Suite(ADS)设计21条引物,构建7个插入HPA-29bb-35bb突变型序列的过表达载体。在广西地区献血者中随机选择29名献血者的标本和载体进行iPLEX Pro多重基因分型分析与质谱检测;同时,对上述标本进行测序,将测序结果与质谱检测结果进行对比验证,建立maLDI-TOF MS基因分型检测技术。随后采用该技术对588名广西地区献血者的标本进行HPA-29-35w基因分型检测和多态性分析。结果maLDI-TOF MS对HPA-29-35w基因分型检测结果与测序结果一致。HPA-29-35w基因分型结果显示,588名广西地区献血者的HPA-29-35bw基因型均为aa纯合子。结论成功建立maLDI-TOF MS对HPA-29-35w基因分型检测技术,并应用于广西地区献血人群的HPA-29-35w基因筛查。

摘要：近年来肿瘤免疫治疗取得了突破性进展。肿瘤疫苗通过增强免疫原性,克服免疫抑制,从而激活自身免疫识别并杀灭肿瘤细胞,是一种极具前景的免疫疗法。仿生型细胞膜纳米囊泡具有肿瘤特异性靶向、延长体内半衰期以及免疫激活效果等优势,为肿瘤疫苗的设计开辟了新思路。本文综述了近年细胞膜纳米囊泡在肿瘤疫苗方面的研究进展,总结了细胞膜纳米囊泡的特点、制备与表征方法和修饰手段,并对细胞膜纳米囊泡在临床应用中面临的挑战进行分析。

摘要：矿山开采在引发较多矿山生态环境问题的同时也严重影响了人民的生产生活。如何合理规划矿山景观生态修复模式以保护生态环境和提升社会经济效益是十分重要的问题。以威海华夏城为对象,以矿山迹地地貌为研究基础,提出和搭建矿山景观生态修复的策略与技术框架,开展顺应地形梯度的矿山景观生态修复的设计与实践研究。结果表明:从环境要素设计、结构设计、功能设计3方面建立的矿山景观设计技术框架,在矿山迹地修复设计实践中具有指导意义,使建成后华夏城景区生态优良,实现了生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的共赢,同时在矿山生态环境恢复和绿化景观设计实践中起到了示范性作用。

摘要：数字媒体技术已经成为影视文化创意产业的重要技术之一,有必要探索其在影视文化创意领域的应用。本文将数字媒体影视文化创意设计作为研究对象,分析其基本概念,分析实际案例,再对其前期准备与后期制作进行详细研究,旨在为更多影视文化从业人员提供设计思考方向,将更多具有创意的概念通过数字媒体形式进行输出,助力影视文化领域的可持续发展。

摘要：A novel heat-integrated distillation scheme on pilot scale for producing C5 foaming agent, a mixture of isopentane and pentane in a certain proportion, was proposed with the aid of process simulation. Compared with the conventional distillation scheme, C5 foaming agent was directly separated at the top of the original isopentane or pentane column in the novel scheme, instead of first refining the two isomerides to high purities and then mixing them into final products. This improvement reduced the difficulty of the separation and avoided meaningless exergy loss caused by re-mixing, which finally contributed to an energy-efficient design by a big margin. Moreover, the column grand composite curves(CGCCs)were used to modify all distillation columns, indicating that there is potential to improve the energy efficiency further. Therefore, double-effect, or heat-integrated distillation was also adopted. Energy and exergy analyses were then conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for the purpose of energy saving. The simulation results of the conventional distillation scheme were in agreement with its on-site counterpart. Analyses showed that the novel heat-integrated scheme reduced hot utility by 27.12%,, cold utility by 24.49%,, and total exergy loss by 23.95%,.

摘要：为避免盾构隧道抗震设计动力时程分析的复杂性和减小计算工作量,对圆形隧道抗震设计的3种近似解析方法进行了比较.第1种是基于复变函数的近似解析方法,并用成层地层振动方程获得的地层剪切力进行了改进;第2种是基于贝塞尔函数的近似解析方法;第3种是基于弹性力学的近似解析方法.分别采用上述3种近似解析方法和反应位移法对某隧道进行了抗震分析.结果表明:前2种近似解析方法的计算结果较接近,规律大致相同,因此可用二者计算结果的最不利组合进行抗震分析;第3种近似解析方法较为粗略,只可用于圆形隧道抗震设计的前期估算.