摘要：为了改善红粘土工程特性,将纳米膨润土掺入红粘土进行改良,采用击实试验、无侧限抗压试验、直剪试验、渗透试验、电镜扫描试验及室内降雨模型试验,探究不同掺量纳米膨润土对改良红粘土力学性能和防渗性能的影响及纳米膨润土改良红粘土作为防渗层的防渗特征。研究结果表明,随着纳米膨润土掺量增加,改良红粘土抗压强度呈先上升后下降的趋势,当掺量达到4%时红粘土抗压强度提升最明显;纳米膨润土掺量超过4%时土体的饱和渗透系数趋于稳定;纳米膨润土可有效减少土体孔隙和裂缝面积,产生的胶凝物质提高了骨架强度进而增强土体强度;纳米膨润土改良红粘土可作为防渗层加强毛细阻滞系统防渗性能。

摘要：This paper is concerned with the problems of robust admissibility and static output feedback( SOF)stabilization for a class of discrete-time switched singular systems with norm-bounded parametric *** objective is to design a suitable robust SOF controller guaranteeing the regularity,causality and asymptotic stability of the resulting closed-loop system under arbitrary switching laws. Based on the basic matrix inequality sufficient condition for checking the admissibility of switched singular systems,together with some matrix inequality convexifying techniques,the SOF controller synthesis is developed for the underlying systems. It is shown that the controller gains can be obtained by solving a set of strict linear matrix inequalities( LMIs). A simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

摘要：Background:The nanotechnology boom and the ability to manufacture novel nanomaterials have led to increased production and use of engineered nanoparticles(ENPs).However,the increased use of various ENPs inevitably results in their release in or the contamination of the environment,which poses significant threats to human *** recent years,extraordinary economic and societal benefits of nanoproducts as well as their potential risks have been observed and widely *** estimate whether ENPs are safe from the onset of their manufacturing to their disposal,evaluation of the toxicological effects of ENPs on human exposure,especially on more sensitive and vulnerable sectors of the population(infants and children)is *** sources:Papers were obtained from PubMed,Web of Science,and Google *** search words included:"nanoparticles","infants","children","exposure","toxicity",and all relevant ***:A brief overview was conducted to 1)characterize potential exposure routes of ENPs for infants and children;2)describe the vulnerability and particular needs of infants and children about ENPs exposure;3)investigate the current knowledge about the potential health hazards of ENPs;and 4)provide suggestions for future research and regulations in ENP ***:As the manufacturing and use of ENPs become more widespread,directed and focused studies are necessary to measure actual exposure levels and to determine adverse health consequences in infants and children.

摘要：This article focuses on the radiation shielding research of the coaxial cavity electron accelerator,a petal-shaped electron accelerator independently developed by the Institute of Modern Physics at the Chinese Academy of *** study aims to provide reference for the radiation shielding design of similar devices in the *** coaxial cavity electron accelerator mainly consists of an electron gun,a resonant cavity,nine external bending magnets.

摘要：A new radioactive ion beam line named HFRS(HIAF FRagment Separator)will be built at HIAF,where the rare isotopes are produced[1;2].It consists of a two-stage magnetic system,the pre-separator and the *** former is used to distinguish the unreacted primary beam from the secondary beam,and the unreacted will be stopped in the beam dumps located between two dipoles;while the latter is used to purify the secondary *** the radiological safety of HFRS,the preliminary shielding design of pre-separator at HFRS is given in this *** the calculations are conducted by the Monte Carlo code FLUKA[3].

摘要：兰州重离子加速器(简称HIRFL),是我国规模最大、加速离子种类最多、能量最高的重离子研究装置,可提供单核子能量达GeV量级的重离子束。HIRFL运行时,束流会在加速器隧道内产生辐射,需要建立一套人身安全联锁系统来保障人员的辐射安全。HIRFL人身安全联锁系统遵循分区联锁、硬件最可靠、失效保护、冗余及独立性、自锁等设计原则,选用了可靠性高的冗余PLC作为核心控制器,并使用了安全性高的联锁部件。本工作的完成保障了HIRFL工作人员的辐射安全,也为同类型加速器装置的人身安全联锁系统设计提供了参考。

摘要：近年来我国医用质子/重离子加速器治癌产业开始飞速发展。粒子加速器运行时会产生次级辐射从而危及环境、公众及工作人员的辐射安全,可靠的辐射屏蔽设计是装置运行时辐射安全的必要保障。本文简要分析了医用质子/重离子加速器辐射屏蔽设计的一般考虑因素;介绍了几种常用的屏蔽计算方法并给出了计算实例。本文的研究内容对未来将要建造的医用质子/重离子加速器的辐射屏蔽设计具有一定的参考意义。

摘要：为了给医用重离子加速器提供一种专用的快速计算屏蔽厚度或对蒙特卡罗模拟结果进行验证的方法。采用FLUKA程序完成了400MeV/u碳离子打不同靶的屏蔽参数计算。首先研究了打厚靶(铁、水)产生的次级辐射场的角度分布及主要成分;接着给出了不同角度范围下周围剂量当量在屏蔽体中的衰减曲线,通过拟合数据进一步得到不同角度范围下的辐射源项值H0和衰减长度λ0;最后结合莆田市医用重离子加速器治疗室的屏蔽设计,介绍了此套屏蔽参数的使用方法,通过与蒙特卡罗模拟结果的对比,证明了这套屏蔽参数的可靠性。该参数可为同类医用重离子加速器的屏蔽设计提供可靠的参考数据。

摘要：综述了TiAl-Nb基合金的粉末冶金技术研究进展,包括该系合金的预合金粉末制备工艺和烧结成形技术;介绍了高品质合金粉末制备及烧结成形方面的最新研究成果和相关机制,并对各工艺的优势和缺陷进行了评述。在此基础上展望了TiAl-Nb基合金粉末冶金技术在未来的发展方向。

摘要：中国科学院近代物理研究所自主研制了一台同轴腔电子加速器,能产生10 MeV,10 mA的辐照电子束,建成后有望成为我国首台国产化的花瓣形电子辐照加速器。为保证该装置运行时的辐射安全,为今后同类型装置的辐射屏蔽设计提供参考,对该加速器开展了辐射屏蔽研究。首先结合装置的使用情况给出了一种地上为主机室地下为辐照室的半地下机房结构,然后采用蒙卡程序FLUKA计算了相关墙体的厚度。在蒙卡计算中,基于同轴腔加速器的束流损失特点,建立了适用于该类型装置的蒙卡源项输入模型,充分考虑了决定辐射场的主要束损点,同时设置相对简单。结果表明:在设定的屏蔽外剂量率目标下,以普通混凝土作为屏蔽材料,主机室的侧墙、顶板和辐照室顶板的厚度分别需要160~220,110~150,150 cm。