摘要：Objective:This study aimed at exploring the attempters'perception of community social services included any barriers to seeking help and ***:The participants were patients with self-harming behavior aged 15 years or above.A set of guiding questions were designed to explore the general barriers and accessibility to community social services.A voice recording was made,which was later converted into a text transcript and then preceded for content analysis with co-occurrence and similarity matrix *** males and nine females with a history of self-harm aged between 24 and 58 years were recruited for the ***:The participants had diverse experiences and backgrounds,and attitudes toward community social ***,there was a shared perception of the need to enhance community social *** were four main themes and 12 sub themes *** main theme included the service availability,service accessibility,affordability and *** details,participants were unaware of the available types of care/social services in the community,and were unaware about the nearby social *** also suggested extending service hours and focused services should be offered to help people with different backgrounds and ***,those with experience of service utilization had both positive and negative perspectives and they gave suggestions for service delivery,mainly extending service hours and offering focused services such as for gambling control and financial *** view of interaction with service providers,counseling skills and trust were highly appreciated by the ***:The results identified common circumstances of falling into financial hardship(gambling)and social fragmentation(divorce,poor family relationships,and poor marital relationships),which also suggested to enhance services on center location,service arrangement,and skill of caregivers.

摘要：目的探讨基于磁共振成像三维重建的残肢上设计和制作坐骨下缘压紧/释放型大腿假肢接受腔。方法采用1例大腿截肢患者的磁共振成像作为三维重建素材,接受腔的基础模板在SolidWorks软件中以零等距三维重建后的残肢外表面创建。利用软件的扫描曲面等功能对模板接受腔进行设计,此接受腔的穿戴结果应用有限元进行分析并用实验方法加以验证。结果压紧/释放型接受腔被成功创建,并利用有限元模拟得到残肢表面的压力分布。有限元分析得出残肢表面最大接触压力为218.5 kPa,F-scan压力传感器测得的最大压力为239 kPa。患者在穿戴接受腔后,残肢表面应力值在疼痛阈值和疼痛可耐受范围内,患者在问卷反馈中对此接受腔感到满意。结论基于重建的残肢三维影像资料构造压紧/释放型大腿假肢接受腔,为假肢接受腔的设计研究提供了一种更好的尝试。特别是当有限元分析和计算机辅助设计相结合时,计算机可以模拟接受腔的试样过程而对接受腔设计在初期进行优化,从而减少在患者身上的反复尝试。

摘要：目的研究足底不同位置的楔形鞋垫对膝关节承载及运动特征的影响。方法利用三维动捕捉系统与测力台对10名健康成年女性受试者步态中的关节动力学变化特点进行分析研究。实验状态分为对照组和6组楔形鞋垫测试组。利用单因素方差分析评价楔形足底支撑对膝关节动力学参数的影响。结果相对于对照组,前内侧楔形鞋垫组显著减小了膝内翻力矩第1峰值(P<0.05);使用前外侧楔形鞋垫和外侧全长楔形鞋垫的两组显著减小了膝内翻力矩第2峰值(P<0.05,P<0.05)。结论使用楔形鞋垫可有效地减小站立相的膝关节内翻力矩,这将有助于设计适合的鞋垫以减轻由骨性关节炎所带来的疼痛。

摘要：高延性水泥基复合材料(HDCC)是一种具有应变硬化、多缝开裂和高延性等特性的纤维增强水泥基复合材料.从HDCC材料的设计理论、材料选择、配合比设计、养护等方面综述了HDCC材料的制备技术,分析了制备HDCC时易忽略的几个关键技术,提出了HDCC的制备方法.明确了提高HDCC强度、抗渗性及与之相关耐久性的难度,提出HDCC的制备时,要注意基体强度与断裂韧度发展规律的差异,减少大颗粒材料等提高基体本身及纤维分布的均匀性,制备时可采用使用高掺量低活性粉煤灰,橡胶微粉和EVA乳胶粉、较高水胶比、较高胶砂比、减少养护等降低基体的断裂韧度的措施.基于现有HDCC设计理论及制备技术,要大幅度提高强度和耐久性,选择更匹配的纤维或调整优化纤维性能至关重要.

摘要：从容易获得且便宜的原材料出发,通过简单的一锅式组装方法合成了一种新的P,O-型吲哚基膦配体,并将其用于钯催化的芳基氯Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应,结果显示配体上的“取代基”能促进该反应的活性,其钯催化剂载量可降至0.01 mol%.

摘要：国土空间规划是现代国家实施国土空间治理的重要手段,是为实现特定战略意图而进行的理性设计,规划的编制实施理念会随时代的发展而变化。为了解生态文明时代国土空间规划理论与技术方法创新,特邀请本领域的五位知名专家就国土空间规划和治理的价值导向、目标追求、重点任务、实施路径和主要领域等开展访谈。专家认为:(1)国土空间规划需要用更高的整体利益原则去处理个体利益之间的失衡,在整体利益的指引下提升特定利益的最大化和保证其他利益的最起码满足。(2)国土空间规划和治理的目标不是单纯追求“地理的普遍繁荣”,而是需要重视追求“人民的普遍幸福”,营造宜居宜业的高品质国土空间。(3)国土空间规划需要统筹安全与发展,合理适度开发利用自然资源,推动实现人与自然和谐共生。(4)需要以核心都市圈为支点,主要城市群为平台,打造宜居城市、韧性城市、智慧城市,建立高质量的城市生态系统和安全系统,重塑中国经济地理格局。(5)城市,特别是大城市是国土空间规划和治理的重点地区,需要通过拓展对城市多元属性的认知、系统研判大城市空间治理的问题与成因,完善大城市治理的逻辑。通过专家访谈,可以看出国土空间规划本质上是对空间关系的重建与重构,需要协调人地关系,推动实现人与自然和谐共生;需要处理好多元主体的利益关系,实现社会和谐;还需要尊重山水林田湖草沙生命共同体、城市有机体等不同层级国土空间单元的运行规律,维护和修复各要素之间的联系和作用机制。