摘要：抗心律失常药物的确切作用机理及其治疗应用的利弊关系的探讨是基础研究者与临床医师非常感兴趣的问题。无论目前在大批病人中的研究结果如何,当代电生理学知识将被重新评价,新的电生理学概念的出现将为设计新一代抗心律失常药奠定基础,从而推动新药研究的进一步发展。

摘要：Human life intimately depends on plants for food,biomaterials,health,energy,and a sustainable *** plants have been genetically improved mostly through breeding,along with limited modification via genetic engineering,yet they are still not able to meet the ever-increasing needs,in terms of both quantity and quality,resulting from the rapid increase in world population and expected standards of living.A step change that may address these challenges would be to expand the potential of plants using biosystems design *** represents a shift in plant science research from relatively simple trial-and-error approaches to innovative strategies based on predictive models of biological *** biosystems design seeks to accelerate plant genetic improvement using genome editing and genetic circuit engineering or create novel plant systems through de novo synthesis of plant *** this perspective,we present a comprehensive roadmap of plant biosystems design covering theories,principles,and technical methods,along with potential applications in basic and applied plant biology *** highlight current challenges,future opportunities,and research priorities,along with a framework for international collaboration,towards rapid advancement of this emerging interdisciplinary area of ***,we discuss the importance of social responsibility in utilizing plant biosystems design and suggest strategies for improving public perception,trust,and acceptance.