摘要：Proton exchange membrane(PEM)fuel cell has been regarded as a promising approach to the decarbonization and diversification of energy *** recent years,durability and cost issues of PEM fuel cells are increasingly significant with the rapid increase of power ***,the failure to maintain the cell consistency,as one major cause of the above issue,has attracted little ***,this study intends to figure out the underlying cause of cell inconsistency and provide solutions to it from the perspective of multi-physics transport coupled with electrochemical *** PEM fuel cells with electrodes under two compression modes are firstly discussed to fully explain the relationship of cell performance and consistency to electrode structure and multi-physics *** result indicates that one main cause of cell inconsistency is the intrinsic conflict between the separated transport and cooperated consumption of oxygen and electron throughout the active ***,a mixed-pathway electrode design is proposed to reduce the cell inconsistency by enhancing the mixed transport of oxygen and electron in the *** is found that the mixing of pathways in electrodes at under-rib region is more effective than that at the under-channel region,and can achieve an up to 40%reduction of the cell inconsistency with little(3.3%)sacrificed *** addition,all the investigations are implemented based on a self-developed digitalization platform that reconstructs the complex physical–chemical system of PEM fuel *** fully observable physical information of the digitalized cells provides strong support to the related analysis.

摘要：研究了有突变故障采样数据(SD)系统的最优等价空间残差产生器的设计。针对用等价空间残差产生器进行SD系统故障检测时,检测结果的好坏与等价空间向量的选择密切相关,设计SD系统等价空间残差产生器的传统间接优化方法和直接优化方法均把扰动和故障看做是同一类型,导致最后设计的有突变故障SD系统残差产生器对扰动的鲁棒性差,无法对突变故障进行有效检测的情况,提出了一种设计最优等价空间残差产生器的新的混合优化方法。理论分析证明,用该方法设计的等价空间残差产生器的性能,要优于采用传统直接优化方法和间接优化方法设计的产生器,而且随着等价关系阶数s的增大,性能会进一步增强。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。