摘要：The key health issues for women tend to be primarily associated with the female reproductive system. There are also other gender priorities and consequences associated with ageing, which require effective interventions. Acupuncture is used worldwide and its evidence base is increasing on both mechanisms of action and its effectiveness in clinical care. Although acupuncture may be a valuable addition to healthcare for some conditions, it is rarely fully integrated into mainstream Western medicine clinical practice. Inadequate design and poor reporting of clinical trials have been barriers. Additionally systematic reviews and meta-analyses have tended to be equivocal and have reported that there is insufficient evidence for its recommendation. Future research should focus on ensuring good trial design including cost effectiveness and qualitative data and using a more pragmatic stance which reflects acupuncture in clinical practice. Undoubtedly, effective interventions are always needed to ensure the best health outcomes and address preventable deaths, morbidities, and disabilities among women but integration will be compromised unless underpinned by good evidence.

摘要：目的评价目前已公开发表的小儿推拿治疗厌食症随机对照试验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs)的方法学质量和干预措施报告质量,为今后小儿推拿RCTs的临床设计和干预措施报告提供一些建议,以提升关于小儿推拿临床研究证据结果的真实性、可靠性及临床推广应用价值。方法系统检索中国知网、维普、万方3个中文数据库和PubMed、EMBASE 2个英文数据库。检索日期均从建库至2018年11月。纳入所有小儿推拿治疗厌食症的双臂RCTs文献。由两名研究者根据纳入/排除标准独立筛选文献及提取资料,并采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估标准和基于STRICTA清单对纳入文献中的研究方法学质量及干预措施报告质量进行评价。结果最终纳入63篇RCTs。随机序列生成、分配方法隐匿、盲法、不完整结局数据、基金资助、基线资料可比的报告率分别为34.92%(22/63)、3.17%(2/63)、4.76%(3/63)、79.37%(50/63)、7.94%(5/63)、100%,所有文献均未对选择性结局报告、样本量估算、临床注册及试验方案相关信息进行报告。对方法学质量进行评价,63个RCTs存在不同程度的方法学质量问题,缺乏高质量的研究。对干预措施小儿推拿疗法的报告质量评价发现,阐述小儿推拿疗法及对照设置合理性的报告率分别为63.49%(40/63)、23.81%(15/63),对小儿推拿师资历、治疗场所和相关信息的报告率均为1.59%(1/63),对小儿推拿疗法的个体化/非个体化选择、小儿推拿部位单/双侧、小儿推拿所引发机体的反应以及小儿推拿是否同期施加其它干预措施的报告率分别为34.92%(22/63)、39.68%(25/63)、6.35%(4/63)、47.62%(30/63)。结论目前,缺乏高质量方法学的关于小儿推拿治疗厌食症的RCTs,相关文献对试验方法学和干预措施小儿推拿疗法的报告质量较低。未来,开展小儿推拿相关临床RCT时,应严格按照Cochrane偏倚评估标准中提出的条目对试验进行设计和报告,参考STRITCA清单[8]并结合小儿推拿特点对干预措施进行报告。同时,应尽快制定针对小儿推拿疗法报告的规范清单。

摘要：目的:探索个体针刺疗法作为常规治疗的辅助手段在精神分裂症患者中的效果;采用探索性病例研究的方法,使用定量和定性评价工具,以便能够对针刺治疗此类患者的确切疗效作出科学评价,并对未来采用针刺治疗此类患者的试验设计提供方法学建议。方法:共纳入11例精神分裂症患者,在予以10周的针刺治疗前,治疗过程中及治疗后分别采用多种有效的定量和定性评价工具对患者进行多方面的评价。这些评价手段包括对针刺治疗、全科医生及精神科医生病历的整理回顾。分析定性资料以评价受试者向研究者及其临床医生和护理人员报告的内容的可靠性。结果:11名受试者中共有8名完成了1个疗程的针刺治疗,全部11名受试者都报告了针刺治疗的积极作用,包括精神分裂症症状的改善,缓解药物的副作用,对精力、内在动机、睡眠、成瘾症状及其他身体机能的促进作用。但是,受试者向研究者和针刺医生报告的信息在不同治疗阶段有一定差别,且往往不一致;在研究结束后,受试者向研究者报告了更多的信息。结论:本研究表明,在常规疗法之外辅以针刺治疗能够给精神分裂症病人带来一定益处。对数据的三角测量表明了受试者报告内容的某些不一致性,而这些可以通过多种研究方法的混合使用得以克服。通过对数据的比较,推荐在将来的研究设计中使用阳性与阴性症状量表、针刺临床试验干预措施报告标准以及在问卷中增加对药物副作用、运动、睡眠以及日常作息的调查。在将来的研究中还应充分考虑到,恢复期患者容易复发,应该让他们可以方便地获得帮助。

摘要：Objective： To provide guidance for future randomized controlled trials （RCTs） based on a review con- cerning acupuncture for treating polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）. Methods： A comprehensive literature search was conducted in October 2015 using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCISEARCH, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group trials register, Allied and Complementary Medi- cine （AMED）, China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, and the Wanfang databases. RCTs comparing either acupuncture with no/sham/pharmacological intervention or a combination of acupuncture and conventional therapy with conventional therapy in the treatment of PCOS were included in this review. A quality evaluation was performed for each of the included studies. Results： Thirty-one RCTs were included in the review and were divided into four categories according to the type of intervention used in the comparator or control group. Menstrual frequency, hor- mones, anthropometrics, insulin sensitivity, blood lipids, and fertility were used as the main measurements to assess the effects of acupuncture on the patients with PCOS. Thirty trials, except for one, showed an improvement in at least one of the indicators of PCOS after acupuncture treatment. However, normalizing the methodological and reporting format remains an issue. Conclusions： Based upon this review of current clinical trials concerning acupuncture for treating PCOS, we provide guidelines for better clinical trial design in the future.

摘要：Background：Musculoskeletal disorders（MSD） comprise a wide range of conditions,associated with an enormous pain and impaired mobility,and are affecting people＇s lives and *** of musculoskeletal disorders typically involves a multidisciplinary team *** findings have been found in previous studies evaluating the effectiveness of complementary therapies,though little attention has been paid to evaluating of the effectiveness of integrated packages of care combining conventional and complementary approaches for musculoskeletal conditions in a National Health Service（NHS） ***：To determine the feasibility of all aspects of a pragmatic observational study designed：（1） to evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of integrated treatments for MSDs in an integrated NHS hospital in the UK;（2） to determine the acceptability of the study design and research process to patients;（3） to explore patients＇ expectation and experience of receiving integrated ***：This is an observational feasibility study,with 1-year recruitment and 1-year follow-up,conducted in Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine,University College London Hospital Trust,*** eligible patients with MSDs newly referred to the hospital were included in the *** are integrated packages of care（conventional and complementary） as currently provided in the ***-36 Health Survey,short form Brief Pain Inventory,Visual Analogue Scale,and modified Client Service Receipt Inventory will be assessed at 4/5 time ***-structured interview/focus group will be carried out before treatment,and 1 year after commence of ***：We intend to conduct a pragmatic observational study of integrated medical treatment of MSDs at a public sector *** will inform the design of a future trial including recruitment,retention,suitability of the outcome measures and patients experiences.