摘要：Industrial development can enrich people＇s lives, but it also causes environmental pollution, which is an area of significant concern among governments, consumers, and companies. Governments formulate some environmental policies, which motivate industry by providing greater incentives for green product development. Consumers are classified into two groups - ordinary and green market segments - according to their environmental awareness and attitudes. In this regard, companies need to reconsider their primary product design strategies. By investigating the interactions among customers＇ preferences, firms＇ product strategies, and government subsidy policies, this paper presents a theoretical model for new product design strategies. After detailed theoretical analysis of such strategies, we found that to motivate firms to choose environmentally friendly product design strategies, governments should inaugurate effective subsidy policies. After simultaneously considering environmental issues and firms＇ benefits, we designed a subsidy policy. With such a policy, firms can change their primary product design strategies and develop both green and ordinary products, thereby increasing the firms＇ profits and improving the total environmental quality.

摘要：The practical application of high-energy lithium–sulfur battery is plagued with two deadly *** is the“shuttle effect”originated from the sulfur cathode,and the other is the low Coulombic efficiency and security issues arising from the lithium metal *** addressing these issues,we propose a novel silicon-sulfurized poly(acrylonitrile)full *** this lithium metal-free system,the Li source is pre-loaded in the cathode,using a nitrogen evolution reaction(NER)to implant Li+into the silicon/carbon *** poly(acrylonitrile)based on a solid–solid conversion mechanism can fundamentally circumvent the“shuttle effect”.Meanwhile,the silicon/carbon anode can achieve more efficient utiliza-tion and higher security when compared with the Li metal *** full cell used in this technology can deliver a capacity of 1169.3 mAh g^(-1),and it can be stabilized over 100 cycles,implying its excellent elec-trochemical ***,the practical pouch cell with a high sulfur loading of 4.2 mg cm^(-2)can achieve a high specific energy of 513.2 Wh *** mechanism of the NER in cathode has also been investigated and analyzed by in situ ***,this battery design completely conforms to the current battery production technology because of the degassing of gasbag,resulting in a low manufactur-ing *** work will open the avenue to develop a lithium metal-free battery using the NER.

摘要：Sodium-ion batteries are promising for large-scale energy storage due to sodium's low cost and infinite abundance. The most popular cathodes for sodium-ion batteries, i.e., the layered sodium-containing oxides, usually exhibit reversible host rearrangement between P-type and O-type stacking upon charge/discharge. herein we demonstrate that such host rearrangement is unfavorable and can be suppressed by introducing transition-metal ions into sodium layers. The electrode with stabilized P3-type stacking delivers superior rate capability, high energy efficiency, and excellent cycling performance. Owing to the cation-mixing nature, it performs the lowest lattice strain among all reported cathodes for sodium-ion batteries. Our findings highlight the significance of a stable host for sodium-ion storage and moreover underline the fundamental distinction in material design strategy between lithium-and sodium-ion batteries.

摘要：Coupled with anionic and cationic redox chemistry,Li-rich/excess cathode materials are prospective high-energy-density candidates for the next-generation Li-ion ***,irreversible lattice oxygen loss would exacerbate irreversible transition metal migration,resulting in a drastic voltage decay and capacity ***,a metastable layered Li-excess cathode material,T2-type Li_(0.72)[Li_(0.12)Ni_(0.36)Mn_(0.52)]O_(2),was developed,in which both oxygen stacking arrangement and Li coordination environment fundamentally differ from that in conventional O3-type layered *** means of the reversible Li migration processes and structural evolutions,not only can voltage decay be effectively restrained,but also excellent capacity retention can be achieved upon long-term ***,irreversible/reversible anionic/cationic redox activities have been well assigned and quantified by various in/ex-situ spectroscopic techniques,further clarifying the charge compensation mechanism associated with(de)*** findings of the novel T2 structure with the enhanced anionic redox stability will provide a new scope for the development of high-energy-density Li-rich cathode materials.

摘要：恶性肿瘤严重危害着人类的健康.尽管肿瘤的病因学研究取得了一定进展,肿瘤的临床处置依然面临挑战,包括手术切除、化学药物治疗和放射治疗在内的标准治疗模式不能对所有患者都奏效.如何选择合适的治疗方案和准确评估患者的预后,临床医生经常感到困惑.针对信号通路重要蛋白的分子靶向治疗的结果显示,不同肿瘤患者具有独特的分子表型特征并决定了肿瘤治疗的疗效.有效治疗肿瘤需要量体裁衣式地设计出个体化的治疗方案.通过"组"学研究发现了许多肿瘤细胞特异的分子表型,而针对这些表型的个体化治疗将是未来肿瘤治疗的方向.

摘要：任何高层次的艺术都具备精神的深度，水墨艺术也不例外。水墨艺术浑然天成、意趣盎然的独特视觉语言，兼具外在表现形式和内在精神气质的美，越来越受到现代设计师们的喜爱。深厚的民族文化底蕴，使水墨艺术不仅具有独特的艺术表现形式，而且充分表现出中国的传统美学思想和民族精神内涵，

摘要：音乐学科与文化有诸多联系和融合,音乐教学渗透文化,其适合性更高,教育效果更为突出。音乐教学渗透文化,符合学科教学的基本规律和要求。学生对文化渗透有更多认同感,教师有意识地组织学生欣赏传统音乐、流行音乐、校园音乐,组织学生演绎民歌、角色表演、社会宣传,能够为学生顺利进入文化传承学习环节创造条件。音乐欣赏、音乐表演、音乐创编与文化学习实践相结合,能够为学生提供更多文化传承的机会。教师要科学设计音乐教程,优化音乐学习活动组织,延伸音乐文化传承视野,提升音乐学科教学品质,培养学生文化素养。

摘要：目的:对中学生眼健康状况中的动态屈光基本情况进行调查,为青少年眼保健提供研究资料。方法:采用横断面调查设计,对中学生3711人次7422眼动态眼屈光状态等指标进行采集,用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析。结果:1)中学生(年龄13～18岁)在正常动态情况下,近视眼的检出率为91.2%,其中低度近视为51.7%,中度近视31.8%,高度近视7.7%,正视眼仅占5.7%,远视眼占3.1%;2)中学生平均屈光度为(-2.76±2.24)D,其中低度近视平均(-1.68±0.76)D,中度近视平均(-4.35±0.84)D,高度近视平均(-7.47±1.33)D。6个年级平均屈光度为:初1(-1.57±1.66)D,初2(-1.94±2.04)D,初3(-3.26±2.09)D,高1(-3.29±2.49)D,高2(-3.09±2.31)D,高3(-3.57±2.25)D。6个年级间的屈光度比较有显著性差异(P=0.000),初三与高一、高二间无显著性差异;3)女生组平均屈光度大于男生组;综合中学生全体,女生为(-2.88±2.25)D,男生为(-2.65±2.23)D,统计学提示性别的显著性差异(P=0.000),说明中学阶段女生的近视进展趋势均早于男生;4)眼别中右眼组平均屈光度[(-2.86±2.19)D]大于左眼组[(-2.67±2.29)D](P=0.000),男女生右眼组平均屈光度大于其相应左眼组(P男=0.045,P女=0.002),低度近视组右眼平均屈光度大于左眼(P=0.015),提示中学阶段右眼在近视化进展期早于左眼。结论:6个年级相比,中、高度近视组在初3年级明显升高,正视、远视组在6年间递减,提示近视眼的检出率在初三年级及其以后发生了明显增加。整个中学阶段,学生的屈光度在初中,尤其是初三年级有明显的近视化,高一、高二稳定,在高三年级有继续向近视发展的趋势。女生在近视进展期早于男生,右眼早于左眼。应针对中学各年级学生这一人群的近视化发展趋势,采取积极措施,对其近视化过程进行医学干预。

摘要：由于议题特性,国际知名的“发展援助型智库”普遍具有官方或半官方的背景.国际协力机构研究所(JICA研究所)是日本典型的“政府系智库”,也是亚洲“发展援助型智库”的成功典范.在实践中,JICA研究所较为有效地应对了这一身份悖论导致的自主性困境:通过遵循国际惯例、重视学术质量,追求智库自主性;与此同时,努力平衡对主管行政机构的附属性.在日益激烈的全球发展援助制度竞争中,JICA研究所的成败得失对于中国的“一带一路”建设提供了诸多启示.

摘要：时空观不仅是重要的哲学和思想及文化概念,也构成影视叙事美学理论的核心范畴。中外电视广告发展史表明,电影叙事的"时间中心观"在两个方面影响着现代电视广告:一为文本叙事层面,一为话语叙事层面。央视广告招标制度产生的"标王"成为我国电视广告现代性时间叙事的象征,也从时间的角度建构了我国电视广告观念。