摘要：Heart diseases remain the top threat to human health,and the treatment of heart diseases changes with each passing *** evidence shows that three-dimensional(3D)printing allows for a more precise understanding of the complex anatomy associated with various heart *** addition,3D-printed models of cardiac diseases may serve as effective educational tools and for hands-on simulation of surgical *** introduce examples of the clinical applications of different types of 3D printing based on specific cases and clinical application scenarios of 3D printing in treating heart *** also discuss the limitations and clinically unmet needs of 3D printing in this context.

摘要：为研究液体火箭发动机发射时产生的噪声分布特性,以某液体火箭发动机为原型设计了缩比发动机及配套试验系统,研究发动机室压、喷管扩张比、安装高度及倾斜度对液体火箭发动机喷管产生的超声速射流噪声特性影响。试验结果表明:发动机室压越大,噪声声压级越大,但对噪声指向性与噪声峰值频率影响不大;喷管扩张比对噪声声压级和指向性影响不大,但增大扩张比促使噪声峰值频率减小;安装高度与倾斜角对噪声声压级大小影响不大,但降低安装高度、倾斜喷管会导致噪声指向性偏转,以及噪声峰值频率的移动。试验获得了缩比液体火箭发动机喷管超声速射流噪声变化规律,结合缩比准则可以获得真实液体火箭发动机发射时产生的噪声频谱特性。研究可为液体火箭发动机地面试车或发射阶段噪声控制技术提供支持。

摘要：胃癌是全球第五常见的恶性肿瘤并死亡率较高,严重威胁人类的生命健康。因此,早期识别胃癌病变对早期胃癌诊断至关重要。显微高光谱成像技术作为一种新兴技术,可以在微观层面同时获取生物组织丰富的光谱信息和空间信息,为早期病理切片诊断提供了一种新的思路。利用显微高光谱成像系统,采集了在400~1000 nm波段范围的胃癌显微高光谱病理图像,通过光谱校正等预处理构建了包含230张图像的胃癌显微高光谱数据集。尽管基于空间注意力的方法在图像分类、分割等领域已取得了显著成果,但在处理高光谱图像时仍面临计算复杂度高以及光谱信息利用不充分的问题。为此,提出了基于卷积和注意力机制的混合双分支Transformer(MDBT)的特征提取主干网络模型。该模型通过交替应用空间混合模块和通道混合模块,实现块间和块内的空间和通道特征聚合。具体而言,设计了窗口注意力和卷积双分支以及空间和通道交互结构。这种设计不仅降低了计算复杂度,还通过卷积交互实现了窗口间信息交互和特征融合,从而克服了窗口注意力感受野受限的问题,进一步提高了Transformer的全局建模能力。在进行图像分割实验中,采用UperNet模型作为解码头网络对主干网络提取得到的特征进行还原,以得到最终的分割结果。在采集得到的胃癌高光谱数据集上进行了五折交叉验证实验,结果表明本模型的平均mDice和mIoU分别达到85.39、74.66,性能优于目前UNet、Swin、PVT、VIT等主流图像分割网络模型。同时设计一系列消融实验,验证本文提出空间和通道双混合模块、卷积与窗口注意力双分支等结构对实验结果的优化效果。实验结果表明本文提出的MDBT模型能够有效利用高光谱图像丰富的空间和光谱信息,提高胃癌图像分割准确率,证明显微高光谱成像技术在胃癌诊断方面具有一定的研究意义和应用价值。

摘要：窄间隙激光焊作为核电领域大型厚壁构件的先进连接工艺,具有热输入小、焊接效率高、接头质量高等优点。然而,受现场复杂施焊环境影响,焊缝内部易因污染物清理不尽而产生气孔缺陷。传统的焊后无损检测费时耗力,且检测结果受零部件尺寸结构制约及检测人员主观判断影响,因此亟待发展气孔缺陷在线检测技术。本文设计研制了基于发射光谱的窄间隙激光焊质量检测系统,探究工艺参数及水、油等污染物对气孔缺陷的影响规律,分析水对激光致等离子体电子温度、光谱强度的作用机制,开发因污染物导致的气孔缺陷在线预警软件系统。结果表明,窄间隙激光焊时由于受工件侧壁拘束使得等离子体密度高,对激光反射、散射作用强,测得光谱强度值较弱。窄间隙填丝焊时由于激光能量存在损耗、不能完全被母材和丝材吸收,其测得的光谱强度小于窄间隙自熔焊。采用Boltzmann作图法求得窄间隙激光填丝焊光致等离子体电子温度为7201.1 K,电子密度为5.2797×10^(15)cm^(-3),均小于窄间隙激光自熔焊时的热力学状态参数。在本文的6组自熔焊工艺参数范围内,X射线探伤未检测到密集气孔缺陷。当母材表面有水时,焊缝表面有气孔产生,通过X射线探伤观察到焊缝中有大量密集气孔存在。与正常工艺下获得的光谱数据相比,光谱仪全波段上的相对光强均降低,电子温度也下降至6900~7200 K范围内动态波动,但电子密度会增大。采用神经网络模型对主成分分析降维后的光谱数据进行训练,可对窄间隙激光填丝焊时因水、油等污染物导致的气孔缺陷进行高准确率的预测。开发的气孔检测系统可对因污染物导致的气孔缺陷进行有效识别,准确率达90%,响应时间在0.1 s内。

摘要：Based on the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) criteria,105 pullout specimens were tested to investigate the effect of different rib geometries on bond strength of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars embedded in concrete. Two kinds of conventional reinforcing rebars were also studied for comparison. Each rebar was embedded in a 150 mm concrete cube,with the embedded length being four times the rebar diameter. The experimental parameters were the rebar type,rebar component,rebar diameter,rebar surface texture,rib height,rib spacing and rib width. Theoretical analysis was also carried out to explain the experimental phenomena and results. The experimental and theoretical results indicated that the bond strength of GFRP rebars was about 13%～35% lower than that of steel rebars. The bond strength and bond-slip behavior of the specially machined rebars varied with the rebar type,rebar diameter,rebar surface texture,rib height,rib spacing and rib width. Using the results,design recom-mendations were made concerning optimum rib geometries of GFRP ribbed rebars with superior bond-slip characteristics,which concluded that the optimal rib spacing of ribbed rebars is the same as the rebar diameter,and that the optimal rib height is 6% of the rebar diameter.

摘要：目的通过对图形在平面广告中的存在形式进行分析,引出了图形元素在平面广告中的设计要点和应用,并且引出了将汉字作为平面设计中的图形元素进行传播的优势。方法对汉字图形元素的理论进行阐述,并在此基础上从图形元素的表达方面着手,对图形元素所起的作用进行分析,证实了图形元素是平面设计成功与否的决定性因素。结论汉字图形在平面广告设计中占有重要的地位,相对于图形元素而言其作用更大且比较简洁。

摘要：This paper proposes a wireframe model-based method for automated internal design. The method is used to extract geometric structure of an internal wireframe model and find out all loop structures of furniture models. The wireframe models are classified as the multiple independent sub-models according to the geometric structure by statistical analysis. The corresponding models are selected from a 3D model database to build an internal scene based on characteristic points of furniture wireframe models. In the experiments 3D database via manually selected 268 3D furniture models from Google 3D warehouse is built up. The experiments show that the method can construct 3D scenes in 1.1×103 ms. This method costs less time compared with traditional hierarchical method and depth-sensing camera method in the same experimental conditions. The method can be also used for 3D visualization either with complex backgrounds.

摘要：建筑语言、建筑意象、建筑意境这三个概念既有区别又有联系。理清它们的内涵与外延,对于正确认识建筑创作的目的性、揭示建筑艺术的美学主题,是至关重要的。通过研究王弼的《周易略例·明象》,并比较分析现代建筑大师的设计作品,充分阐明了建筑语言的应用是建筑意象生成的物质手段、建筑意象的生成是建筑意境产生的传达媒介、建筑意境的创造才是建筑创作的美学主题这一辩证统一的关系。从而为今日建筑师的创作活动提供了一种全新的、理性的思维模式。

摘要：园林美学体验课程的教学内容是通过应用美学原理,以中国古典园林为研究和实践考察对象,结合古代造园理论和园林绘画图像,分析中国古典园林艺术的美学特征和规律。中国古典园林有着鲜明的时代性和地域性,以南京古典私家园林空间研究为教学案例,是对中国传统哲学思想和审美意识的继承和发展,有助于开拓学生的设计审美体验,增进古典审美情趣,提升综合人文素养,在学习中锻炼艺术审美思维。

摘要：Moving target detection （MTD） technique is designed to filtering out the clutters. The basis of the MTD digital signal processor is a bank of Doppler filters designed using FFT algorithm. For high pulse repetition frequency （HPRF）, it leads to a long time calculations and great complexity in hardware implementation. Frequency domain detector is represented by Welch method Realized Doppler filters bank which will reduce the time calculation. The proposed method enhances the target detection capabilities by providing higher detection probabilities or lower false alarm rates. The performance of the two systems, the traditional MTD-I and Welch method are compared from the viewpoint of probability of detection （Pd）, probability of false alarm （Pfa）. Computer simulation results are presented to support the superiority of the proposed technique.