摘要：In this paper, fast setpoint altitude tracking control for Hypersonic Flight Vehicle(HFV)satisfying Angle of Attack(AOA) constraint is studied with a two-loop structure controller, in the presence of parameter uncertainties and disturbances. For the outer loop, phase plane design is adopted for the simplified model under Bang-Bang controller to generate AOA command guaranteeing fast tracking performance. Modifications based on Feedback-Linearization(FL) technique are adopted to transform the phase trajectory into a sliding curve. Moreover, to resist mismatch between design model and actual model, Fast Exponential Reaching Law(FERL) is augmented with the baseline controller to maintain state on the sliding curve. The inner-loop controller is based on backstepping technique to track the AOA command generated by outer-loop controller. Barrier Lyapunov Function(BLF) design is employed to satisfy AOA requirement. Moreover, a novel auxiliary state is introduced to remove the restriction of BLF design on initial tracking errors. Dynamic Surface Control(DSC) is utilized to ease the computation burden. Rigorous stability proof is then given, and AOA is guaranteed to stay in predefined region theoretically. Simulations are conducted to verify the efficiency and superior performance of the proposed method.

摘要：Light field imaging is an emerging technology in computational photography areas. Based on innovative designs of the imaging model and the optical path, light field cameras not only record the spatial intensity of three- dimensional （3D） objects, but also capture the angular information of the physical world, which provides new ways to address various problems in computer vision, such as 3D reconstruction, saliency detection, and object recognition. In this paper, three key aspects of light field cameras, i.e., model, calibration, and reconstruction, are reviewed extensively. Furthermore, light field based applications on informatics, physics, medicine, and biology are exhibited. Finally, open issues in light field imaging and long-term application prospects in other natural sciences are discussed.

摘要：In recent years,with the development of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)technology and the widespread application of deep learning,lightweight detection of SAR images has emerged as a research *** ultimate goal is to reduce computational and storage requirements while ensuring detection accuracy and reliability,making it an ideal choice for achieving rapid response and efficient *** this regard,a lightweight SAR ship target detection algorithm based on YOLOv8 was proposed in this ***,the C2f-Sc module was designed by fusing the C2f in the backbone network with the ScConv to reduce spatial redundancy and channel redundancy between features in convolutional neural *** the same time,the Ghost module was introduced into the neck network to effectively reduce model parameters and computational complexity.A relatively lightweight EMA attention mechanism was added to the neck network to promote the effective fusion of features at different *** results showed that the Parameters and GFLOPs of the improved model are reduced by 8.5%and 7.0%when mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95 are increased by 0.7%and 1.8%,*** makes the model lightweight and improves the detection accuracy,which has certain application value.

摘要：The multi-component composition characteristics of high-temperature near-α Ti alloys were investigated in the present work by means of a cluster formula approach. The uniform cluster formula [CN12 cluster](glue atom)3 for the hexagonal close-packed α solid solution was first obtained based on the Friedel oscillation theory, with a total atom number in the formula of Z = 16. Then it was analyzed that the Z values in the cluster composition formulas of typical near-α Ti alloys are within the range of Z = 16.0016.30, being perfectly consistent with the ideal Z = 16. Based on it, a series of new alloys with Z = 16 and with Nb/Ta substitution for Mo in Ti1100 alloy were designed, suction-cast into φ 6 mm rods, and then heat-treated with solid solution and aging. It was found that the alloy with co-addition of Mo, Ta and Nb has a high strength and good ductility at both room and high temperatures. More importantly, the additions of Nb and Ta can contribute to the formation of continuous and compact Al2O3 scales, resulting in an obvious improvement of oxidation resistances at both 923 K and 1073 K. The effects of Mo, Ta and Nb on the oxidation behaviors of the designed alloys at 1073 K were further discussed.

摘要：Pit limit design has,up to date,focused mainly on maximization of economic profit alone,with environmental and social issues largely *** paper focuses on incorporating both environmental and social issues in the pit limit design process and provides an approach to pit limit optimization that is in compliance with sustainable *** case study demonstrates that ecological costs have a substantial down-sizing effect and social benefits have a substantial up-sizing effect on the optimal pit *** the ecological costs are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 37.5%smaller than the economically optimal pit ***,when the social benefits are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 48.3%larger than the economically optimal *** overall optimal pit limit,with the economic profit,ecological costs and social benefits simultaneously considered,is a result of balancing conflicting goals of maximizing economic profit,minimizing ecological cost,and maximizing social benefit.

摘要：Each conventional alloy has its own specific compositions but the compositional origin is largely unknown due to our insufficient understanding about chemical shortrange ordering in the alloy,in particular,in the solid-solution *** the present paper,the compositions of metallic alloys are discussed and formulated,by unveiling the basic moleculelike structural units in solid *** oscillation theory,which describes the partial charge screening behavior in solid solutions,and henceforth the origin of short-range ordering,is applied to pin down the ideal chemical compositions of conventional metallic *** propose that,at a specific composition,atoms self-assemble into an ideally ordered structure consisting of atoms residing in the nearestneighbor shell(denoted as cluster)plus those in the next outer shell(denoted as glue atoms),which can be formulated as[cluster](glue atoms).This simplified version of short-rangeorder structure represents the smallest charge-neutral and mean-density zone(termed as“chemical units”)and can be regarded as the‘molecules’of solid ***,the chemical units and the corresponding molecule-like formulas for face-centered-cubic(FCC),hexagonal close-packed(HCP),and body-centered cubic(BCC)structures are analyzed and equations are obtained to identify the chemical formulas for FCC solid *** instance,well-knownα-brass Cu-30 Zn alloy is formulated as[Zn-Cu_(12)]*** of aluminum alloys,superalloys and stainless steels are also illustrated,demonstrating the versatility of the present model to interpret chemically complex alloys.

摘要：The OsLpa1 gene（LOC_Os02g57400） was identified to be involved in phytic acid（PA） metabolism because its knockout and missense mutants reduce PA content in rice grain. However, little is known about the molecular characteristics of OsLpa1 in rice and of its homologues in other plants. In the present study, the spatial pattern of OsLpa1 expression was revealed using OsLpa1 promoter：：GUS transgenic plants（GUS： β-glucuronidase）; GUS histochemical assay showed that OsLpa1 was strongly expressed in stem, leaf, and root tissues, but in floral organ it is expressed mainly and strongly in filaments. In seeds, GUS staining was concentrated in the aleurone layers; a few blue spots were observed in the outer layers of embryo, but no staining was observed in the endosperm. Three OsLpa1 transcripts（OsLpa1.1, OsLpa1.2, OsLpa1.3） are produced due to alternative splicing; quantitative reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） analysis revealed that the abundance of OsLpa1.3 was negligible compared with OsLpa1.1 and OsLpa1.2 in all tissues. OsLpa1.2 is predominant in germinating seeds（about 5 times that of OsLpa1.1）, but its abundance decreases quickly with the development of seedlings and plants, whereas the abundance of OsLpa1.1 rises and falls, reaching its highest level in 45-d-old plants, with abundance greater than that of OsLpa1.2 in both leaves and roots. In seeds, the abundance of OsLpa1 continuously increases with seed growth, being 27.5 and 15 times greater in 28-DAF（day after flowering） seeds than in 7-DAF seeds for OsLpa1.1 and OsLpa1.2, respectively. Transient expression of chimeric genes with green fluorescence protein（GFP） in rice protoplasts demonstrated that all proteins encoded by the three OsLpa1 transcripts are localized to the chloroplast.

摘要：文中研究了壳聚糖在1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(AmimCl)和1-丁基磺酸-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐(SmimHSO4)按不同质量比组成的二元离子液体中的溶解性,分析了可能的溶解机理,并利用偏光显微镜、红外光谱、热重-差示扫描及X射线衍射等技术表征溶解再生后的壳聚糖结构及性能。结果表明,二元离子液体通过破坏壳聚糖分子链间的氢键作用来溶解壳聚糖,在AmimCl/SmimHSO4(质量比9/1)中110℃溶解2 h的壳聚糖溶解浓度达到6.81%,随着溶解温度上升和时间延长,壳聚糖的溶解浓度和再生后壳聚糖的回潮率均增大,但再生壳聚糖的黏均分子量下降。溶解后再生的壳聚糖晶型结构由α型转变为β型,结晶度从原始壳聚糖的46.76%下降到26.35%,热稳定性也有降低。AmimCl/SmimHSO4二元体系在壳聚糖化学改性与溶解应用方面极具潜力。

摘要：The ecological costs of open pit metal mining are quantified, which include lost value of direct eco-services, lost value of indirect eco-services, prevention and restoration costs, and cost of carbon emission from energy consumption. These ecological costs are incorporated in an iterative ultimate pit optimization algorithm. A case study is presented to demonstrate the influence of ecological costs on pit design outcome. The results show that it is possible to internalize ecological costs in mine designs. The pit optimization outcome shifts considerably to the conservative side and the profitability decreases substantially when ecological costs are accounted for.

摘要：综述了近几年来光引发自修复聚合物材料的研究进展。根据自修复机理的不同,光引发自修复方法可分为基于光交联反应的自修复、光置换反应自修复和光致超分子反应自修复。文中重点论述这3种自修复方法中涉及的材料的设计、光引发机制和自修复机理,并对光引发自修复聚合物材料的发展前景进行了展望。