摘要：Photocatalytic water splitting based on semiconductor photocatalysts is a promising approach for producing carbon‐neutral,sustainable,and clean H_(2) *** loading,which is an appealing strategy,has been extensively employed to improve the photocatalytic efficiency *** view of the high cost and rare preservation of noble metal cocatalysts that significantly hinder their utilization for large‐scale energy production,various cocatalysts comprising earth‐abundant ele‐ments have been developed as noble‐metal‐free candidates using different methods to boost pho‐tocatalytic water *** these preparation strategies,photodeposition has attracted tre‐mendous attention in the deposition of earth‐abundant cocatalysts owing to its simplicity and mod‐erate availability,improved interfacial charge separation and transfer,and abundant active sites on the *** this review,we first summarize the deposition principles,deposition advantages,categories of cocatalysts,roles of cocatalysts,influencing factors,modification strategies,and design considerations in the photodeposition of earth‐abundant *** photodeposited earth‐abundant cocatalysts for the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution half reaction,photocatalytic O_(2) evo‐lution half reaction,and overall photocatalytic water splitting are ***,some perspec‐tives on the challenges and possible future directions for the photodeposition of earth‐abundant cocatalysts in photocatalytic water splitting are presented.

摘要：淀粉酶是生物体内参与淀粉水解的一类重要酶,分析橡胶树炭疽菌HK-36菌株α-淀粉酶基因家族的生物学信息可为深入研究炭疽菌α-淀粉酶基因功能打下基础。本研究借助炭疽菌HK-36菌株基因组测序数据,利用生物信息学方法鉴定其α-淀粉酶基因家族,对比分析该菌α-淀粉酶家族成员的基因结构、预测蛋白的理化性质和结构、在炭疽菌亚细胞的定位、启动子元件,构建蛋白三维模型和邻接法进化树。鉴定到5个CgAmys基因,α-淀粉酶家族成员的基因推定的蛋白含有500~549个氨基酸,分别定位于溶酶体、质膜、内质网、过氧物酶体和线粒体中,多为亲水性、酸性蛋白;CgAmys推定蛋白的N端由延长链和螺旋结构组成,C端基本由延长链组成;CgAmys的编码蛋白包含典型的Glyco_hydro_13_cat_dom(IPR006047)结构域,属于糖基水解酶家族13;CgAmys基因启动子上含有大量非生物逆境诱导和激素的顺式作用元件,其中光响应、生长素和茉莉酸诱导有关元件数量最多。橡胶树炭疽菌α-淀粉酶家族基因可能在不同生育期受光照和多种激素调控,并参与炭疽菌对多种逆境的应答调控。该研究有助于进一步解析橡胶树炭疽菌CgAmys基因家族在生长发育及逆境胁迫响应中的功能。