摘要：Currently, the design and operation criteria for electrical distribution networks are fastly changing due to some factors;among these, the progressive penetration of Distributed Generation (DG) is destined to cause deep changes in the existing networks, no longer considered as passive terminations of the whole electrical system. Moreover, the increasing application of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) will allow the implementation of the so called “smart grids”, determining new interesting scenarios. In the paper the problems and the potential benefits of DG, the possible new electrical distribution system models and the major research projects on smart grids are faced and reported.

摘要：In this paper, the mathematical dynamical model of a PEMFC （proton exchange membrane fuel cells） stack, integrated with an automotive synchronous electrical power drive, developed in Matlab environment, is shown. Lots of simulations have been executed in many load conditions. In this paper, the load conditions regarding an electrical vehicle for disabled people is reported. The innovation in this field concerns the integration, in the PEMFC stack mathematical dynamic model, of a synchronous electrical power drive for automotive purposes. Goal of the simulator design has been to create an useful tool which is able to evaluate the behaviour of the whole system so as to optimize the components choose. As regards the simulations with a synchronous electrical power drive, the complete mathematical model allows to evaluate the PEMFC stack performances and electrochemical efficiency.