摘要：The constitutive behavior of microcrystals remains mysterious since very little,or no information regarding plastic deformation in the measured stress-strain curve is available due to plastic ***,the measured stress-strain curves vary greatly under different control modes,while constitutive behavior should remain unaffected by test *** these reasons,probing the real constitutive behavior of microcrystals has long been a challenge because the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of micromechanical testing systems are ***,we perform and carefully analyze the experiments on singlecrystal aluminum micropillars under displacement control and load *** interpret these experimental results,a lumpedparameter physical model based on the principle of micromechanical testing is developed,which can directly relate nonlinear dynamics of the micromechanical testing system to the constitutive behavior of *** reveals that some stages of the measured stress-strain curve attributed to the control algorithm are not related to constitutive *** solving the nonlinear dynamics of the micromechanical testing system,intense plastic instability(large strain burst)starting from the equilibrium state is attributed to the strain-softening stage of *** studies are also performed to reduce the influence of plastic instability on the measured *** study provides critical insights for developing various constitutive models and designing a reliable micromechanical testing system.

摘要：智能软材料能在外场作用下产生激励效应,且其智能响应行为与大变形深度耦合,这对建立其力学本构理论提出了重要挑战.本文以形状记忆聚合物、液晶弹性体、介电弹性体、磁敏弹性体、智能水凝胶为代表性智能软材料,介绍了上述材料的发展概况以及在相关多场耦合本构理论领域的进展.智能软材料在软体机器人领域也有着广泛的应用前景,因此,本文也将探讨基于软材料多场耦合理论模型来设计软体机器人的现状以及不足之处,以期为后续该领域的发展提供借鉴.

摘要：介电高弹体作为一种电活性软材料,具有质量轻、能量密度高、效能高、成本低、运行安静等众多优点,广泛应用于智能驱动器、传感器、俘能器、柔性显示器和软体机器人等结构与器件的设计和开发中.而稳定性分析对于介电高弹体结构与器件的寿命以及性能有非常重要的影响.本文综述了介电高弹体结构与器件在力电耦合载荷作用下的不同失稳形式及其非线性分析方法与应用.具体失稳形式包括吸合/突跳失稳、屈曲失稳和电致空穴,其中屈曲失稳中考虑了薄膜基体结构、单薄膜结构以及充气隔膜结构.我们也介绍了材料黏弹性行为对于稳定性的影响,并讨论了目前该类稳定性分析的难点和未来发展趋势.本文对于新型介电高弹体结构与器件的稳定性控制以及性能优化设计具有一定的指导意义.