摘要：Proton conduction controlled by light is important for advanced applications in sensors and information processing *** herein report a metal-organic framework(MOF)thin film by introducing indocyanine green dye into HSB-W5(HSB=hydrogenated Schiff base)matrix(ICG@HSB-W5)to construct a series of basic logic gates(NOT,NAND,and NOR)on account of its good photothermal conversion ability and photo-controlled proton *** proton conductivity of ICG@HSB-W5 thin film is 25 times higher than that of the pristine HSB-W5 thin film and responses efficiently to *** addition,the change of proton conductivity is very large with an ON/OFF ratio above1000 and enough to be distinguished to build logic *** this logic gate system,808-and 405-nm lasers are used as inputs and the proton conductivity is used as output signal with different *** electrical output signal is convenient and available to be received and *** offers a new route for the design of molecular logic gates based on MOF and facilitates the construction of proton-based logic gate or more complicated logic devices.

摘要：随着垃圾分类制度的推进,上海市生活垃圾产生特征和物质流过程尤其是干、湿垃圾组分及其处理方式发生显著变化,直接影响垃圾处理过程的碳排放表现。以分类制度实施后的上海市生活垃圾为研究对象,聚焦干垃圾和湿垃圾组分,采用基准线法研究碳排放量与碳减排效果。结果显示:从2019年下半年到2022年,干垃圾中厨余组分占比减少而橡塑组分占比增加,其碳减排强度从0.19 t/t降至0.13 t/t;湿垃圾由于采用厌氧消化的处理方式,碳减排量明显增加,碳减排效益逐步显现;整体上看,垃圾分类后干、湿垃圾综合碳减排强度稳定在0.20~0.23 t/t。针对基准线情景以焚烧占比为关键参数进行敏感性分析发现,随着焚烧占比的提高,项目情景碳减排量有所降低。该研究结果对评估垃圾分类环境绩效具有参考价值,也为新形势下垃圾处理行业碳减排策略提供了思路。

摘要：垃圾分类制度的推行,实现了湿垃圾(厨余垃圾)从混合垃圾中的分出,垃圾产生特征与流向随之发生变化,进而对后续处理过程环境表现带来影响。针对受分类制度影响最大的干、湿垃圾组分,基于生命周期思想提出了碳排放量核算方法,并以垃圾分类典型城市上海市为例,探究分类前后混合垃圾与分类垃圾处理的生命周期碳排放特征。结果显示,随着垃圾分类制度的实施,干湿垃圾处理系统整体碳排放量明显下降,减排程度受干湿垃圾分出水平和垃圾组分变化影响。对比垃圾分类前后单位垃圾处理碳排放量发现,排放量由分类前的300.4 kgCO_(2) eq·t^(−1)降至分类后的200.3~244.1 kgCO_(2) eq·t^(−1),最多降低了33.3%。从碳排放来源来看,垃圾焚烧带来碳排放量贡献最大,其中又以焚烧直接碳排放占比最大。相比之下,湿垃圾处理总体排放强度较小,厌氧消化残渣处理方式是影响湿垃圾处理碳排放的关键。综合来看,湿垃圾的有效分出和低碳化处理是干湿垃圾处理系统碳排放量降低的关键。对干湿垃圾资源化处理工艺开展减排潜力分析发现,综合采用干垃圾焚烧热电联产和湿垃圾残渣作土壤改良剂可进一步实现碳减排。