摘要：Ti−Al−V−Nb alloys with the cluster formula,12[Al−Ti_(12)](AlTi_(2))+5[Al−Ti1_(4)](V,Nb)2Ti,were designed by replacing V with Nb based on the Ti−6Al−4V ***-track cladding layers and bulk samples of the alloys with Nb contents ranging from 0 to 6.96 wt.%were prepared by laser additive manufacturing to examine their formability,microstructure,and mechanical *** single-track cladding layers,the addition of Nb increased the surface roughness slightly and decreased the molten pool height to improve its *** alloy,Ti−5.96Al−1.94V−3.54Nb(wt.%),exhibited better geometrical accuracy than the other alloys because its molten pool height was consistent with the spread layer thickness of the *** microstructures of the bulk samples contained similar columnar β-phase grains,regardless of Nb *** grains grew epitaxially from the Ti substrate along the deposition direction,with basket-weaveα-phase laths within the columnar ***α-phase size increased with increasing Nb contents,but its uniformity *** the deposition direction,the Vickers hardness increased from the substrate to the *** Ti−5.96Al−1.94V−3.54Nb alloy exhibited the highest Vickers hardness regardless of deposition position because of the optimal matching relationship between theα-phase size and its content among the designed alloys.

摘要：To accelerate the development and design of magnesium(Mg)alloys,the structural and mechanical properties of important precipitates in Mg−Zn alloys were studied by experiments and density functional *** nano-indentation tests revealed that the hardness of the precipitates initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn content,and was significantly higher than that of pure Mg and *** calculation results revealed that the precipitates stability initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn *** bulk moduli of the precipitates increased,whereas their shear and Young’s moduli initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn *** decreasing order of ductility for these compounds is MgZn_(2)>Mg21Zn_(2)5>Mg2Zn11>*** surface profiles of the compounds revealed that they are obvious *** the degree of covalency and bond length of covalent bonds initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn content.

摘要：A wide range of terrain features and landforms, which are exemplified by intricate geological formations and diverse rock compositions, are found in the western mountainous regions of China. These areas frequently encounter geological disasters. As one of the natural disasters, landslides lead to considerable loss of human life and property. Considering mitigation of the losses caused by landslide disasters, a necessary measure for disaster prevention and mitigation involves conducting detailed investigations and monitoring of landslides, which is also the cornerstone of landslide warning. This study compares and analyzes the feasibility of the magnetotelluric detection method for landslides using the results of engineering geological surveys and landslide monitoring. The study aims to address the scientific problem of the validity of using magnetotelluric methods to detect landslide development processes. The Tangjiawan landslide signal on the left side of the K94+000~K94+145 section of the Wenma Expressway is analyzed by employing engineering geological survey, magnetotelluric detection, landslide monitoring, landslide analysis, and other methods. Analysis results provide the static electrical characteristics of lithology, structure, and groundwater, as well as the dynamic electrical characteristics of landslide development. This study focuses on analyzing the relationship between the methods of magnetotelluric detection and engineering geological surveys and the results of landslide monitoring. The workflow and methods for data collection, processing, inversion, interpretation, and analysis using the magnetotelluric method to detect the dynamic development process of landslides are presented in the conclusion. Preliminary conclusions indicate a strong correlation between the dynamic changes in magnetotelluric wave impedance with the surface displacement of landslides and the dynamic changes in groundwater. The use of the magnetotelluric method for landslide detec

摘要：入仓原料种类识别是饲料生产过程中的关键环节之一。目前,入仓原料主要通过人工取样的方式,依靠工人感官经验识别原料种类,以确保原料正确入仓。为了实现饲料原料种类在线自动取样和识别,提高饲料加工的自动化水平,该研究设计了一种多通道饲料原料自动取样装置,应用机器视觉技术,搭建了原料种类在线识别系统。该系统主要由取样单元、样品输送单元、图像采集单元等组成;采用Arduino Uno为系统控制核心,设计了控制流程和控制线路;在Arduino IDE开发环境下编写了控制程序;运用卷积神经网络的方法构建了饲料原料种类识别模型CAM-ResNet18;基于PyQt5环境开发了饲料原料种类在线识别系统软件,包括上位机人机交互软件系统和下位机自控控制系统。上位机系统软件通过串口与下位机控制器通讯,实现对饲料原料种类在线取样识别装置的自动控制。通过模型嵌入和系统集成,对系统的基本功能、识别准确率和识别时间进行测试。饲料原料种类在线识别系统运行正常可靠,实现了饲料原料入仓过程中的自动取样、图像采集、种类识别、结果反馈、一键报警的全环节智能操作。系统性能测试中,饲料原料种类识别准确率为98%,取样识别周期为10.13 s。研究结果表明开发的饲料原料种类在线识别系统可以实现入仓饲料原料在线取样和种类识别功能,可为饲料加工中饲料原料种类的自动识别提供方法和技术支撑。

摘要：微型机器人是指尺度在毫米及其以下(几百纳米到几毫米)的一类机器人,是机器人研究领域的一个重要分支.低强度电磁场无线操控的微型机器人,可以在狭小的空间运动,完成复杂的作业任务,在微操作、靶向药物输送和体内传感标记等生物医学研究中有着广泛的应用前景.经历几十年的发展,研究人员在机器人的结构设计、微纳制作和伺服控制方面贡献了许多重要理论和实践成果.本文旨在介绍自动化方法在磁性微型机器人中的应用,主要包含运动建模、闭环控制和路径规划方面的研究内容,并讨论磁性软体微型机器人在建模与运动控制方面存在的挑战.最后,提出磁性微型机器人在控制与规划方面的研究方向.

摘要：依托某全新开发的纯电动车型,开展碳纤维复合材料上车体结构设计及验证;根据原上车体设计的性能要求及碳纤维复合材料的材料和成型工艺特性进行结构设计,CAE分析验证,零部件及整车验证,成功试制碳纤维复合材料上车体并应用于整车。研究结果表明,碳纤维复合材料经合理的结构设计更适合作为结构件在汽车领域中予以应用,并具有显著轻量化效果,在汽车尤其是纯电动轿车领域具有发展前景。

摘要：点焊是汽车零部件的主要连接方式之一,点焊接头的拉剪强度是评价点焊质量的重要因素,论文在制备大量点焊试样的基础上,对各试样的焊点进行超声信号检测,并运用信号处理获得时域、频域和小波包特征值,随后对点焊试样在拉剪试验中的失效形式进行分析,建立点焊接头拉剪强度的分级标准.根据试验数据设计了BP(back-propagation)神经网络和基于粒子群优化支持向量机(particle swarm optimization support vector machine,PSO-SVM)的神经网络分类器,最后将试样的超声信号特征值作为输入参数,比较两种神经网络模型对点焊试样拉剪强度分类的准确率.试验结果表明,结合9个超声信号特征值的PSO-SVM神经网络具有最高的点焊强度分类准确率.

摘要：随着人们环境保护意识的加强,天然工质制冷剂重新受到研究人员的关注。空气是一种安全且对环境绝对友好的天然制冷剂,未来,压缩空气制冷循环有望成为传统蒸气压缩制冷循环的潜在替代品。压缩膨胀机作为压缩空气制冷的核心部件,其工作效率对机组性能有直接影响。为了设计出能够配合膨胀机高效工作的离心压缩机,需要对传统的设计方法进行一些修正。本文将质量、动量、能量守恒与射流尾迹区理论相结合,并将传统的离心压缩机相关参数推广到较低压力的范围中,提出了一种与现有的涡轮膨胀机相匹配的离心压缩机几何参数的设计方法。使用该方法为现有的膨胀机设计了对应的离心压缩机,并利用其他学者分析过的离心压缩机模型对该方法进行验证,利用计算流体力学方法(CFD)对压缩膨胀机变工况下的工作性能及对膨胀功的利用率进行模拟分析。按本方法设计的离心压缩机在设计工况下能够以高于92%的效率利用膨胀机的输出功。在变工况条件下能够以高于88%的效率利用膨胀机的输出功,并且在设计质量流量附近能够顺利运行。

摘要：基于团簇式设计方法,采用激光增材制造工艺制备一种近α型Ti-7Al-2V合金,其比强度优于Ti-6Al-4V合金的比强度。该合金的成分式为α-{[Al-Ti_(12)](AlTi_(2))}_(15)+β-{[Al-Ti_(14)](V_(3))}_(2):其特征在于α结构单元比例提高为15/17(相对于Ti-6Al-4V的12/17),使合金成分偏向α-Ti;通过V元素合金化,提高了β-Ti结构单元稳定性。该合金具有良好的激光增材制造成形性。沉积态下,该合金的显微组织由细网篮组织区、粗网篮组织区和超细α魏氏组织区构成。其中,粗网篮组织区的表面粗糙度明显低于细网篮组织区和超细α魏氏组织区的表面粗糙度。细网篮组织区的α相分布相比于粗网篮组织区更加均匀。该合金的抗拉强度为971~1005 MPa,屈服强度为891~921 MPa,伸长率为4.5%~6.6%,均与Ti-6Al-4V的相近,尤其是该合金的比强度为224~232 kN·m/kg,优于Ti-6Al-4V合金的比强度。

摘要：可见/红外超宽光谱分色片是星载中分辨率光谱成像仪Ⅲ型光学系统中的重要光学薄膜器件。利用诱导透射原理,采用金属-介质膜系结构加非对称等效导纳匹配层,实现了45°入射时0.4~1.05μm光谱高效透射,1.35~13μm波段光谱高效反射,从而将入射光束分配到不同的光路。同时通过消偏振控制设计,获得了可见近红外波段低偏振灵敏度(LPS)。所研制的分色片可见近红外波段平均透射率大于85%,LPS小于4%;短波及长波红外波段平均反射率大于90%。