摘要：We propose a new method for the customized design of hip exoskeletons based on the optimization of the humanmachine physical interface to improve user comfort. The approach is based on mechanisms designed to follow the natural trajectories of the human hip as the flexion angle varies during motion. The motions of the hip joint center with variation of the flexion angle were measured and the resulting trajectory was modeled. An exoskeleton mechanism capable to follow the hip center＇s movement was designed to cover the full motion ranges of flexion and abduction angles, and was adopted in a lower extremity assistive exoskeleton. The resulting design can reduce human-machine interaction forces by 24.1% and 76.0% during hip flexion and abduction, respectively, leading to a more ergonomic and comfortable-to-wear exoskeleton system. The humanexoskeleton model was analyzed to further validate the decrease of the hip joint internal force during hip joint flexion or abduction by applying the resulting design.

摘要：Human noroviruses(HuNoVs)are major foodborne pathogens that cause nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis *** the tissue-culture system for HuNoVs is not mature enough for routine detection of the virus,detection is mainly dependent on molecular approaches such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RTqPCR).The widely used primers and probes for RT-qPCR were established in the early *** HuNoVs are highly variant viruses,viral genome mutations result in previously designed primers and/or probes that were perfectly matched working less efficiently over *** this study,a new duplex RT-qPCR(ND-RT-qPCR)was designed for the detection of genogroup Ⅰ(GⅠ)and genogroup Ⅱ(GⅡ)HuNoVs based on an analysis of viral sequences added in the database after *** long transcribed viral RNAs,the results demonstrate that the sensitivity of ND-RT-qPCR is as low as one genomic copy for both GⅠ and GⅡ *** performance of ND-RT-qPCR was further evaluated by a comparison with the commonly used Kageyama primer/probe sets for RT-qPCR(Kageyama RT-qPCR)for 23 HuNoV-positive clinical *** five GⅠ samples were registered as positive by ND-RT-qPCR,whereas only two samples were registered as positive by Kageyama *** 18 GⅡ samples were registered as positive by ND-RT-qPCR,while 17 samples were registered as positive by Kageyama *** sensitivity reflected by the quantification cycle(Cq)value was lower in ND-RT-qPCR than in Kageyama *** data suggest that ND-RT-qPCR could be a good fit for the detection of current strains of HuNoVs.

摘要：近年来,我国经济发展水平显著提升,艺术设计领域发展和更新速度越来越快,众多行业和企业对艺术设计专业人才提出了更多要求。为了充分适应市场环境和人才培养需要,艺术设计专业同样需要优化教学理念和教学方法,OBE教育理念更好地契合了艺术设计专业建设和教学改革需求。基于此,针对OBE教育理念影响下艺术设计专业可视化教学设计与实践进行深入探究与分析,以期为艺术设计专业教学水平提高和学生综合素养水平提升提供重要参考。

摘要：随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,人们对于健康监测的需求逐步提高,步态分析作为分析个体生理信号和提供人体物理信息的重要评估工具,在疾病诊断、预防跌倒、康复、人机交互等领域的应用日益广泛.本文首先介绍了步态分析的重要性和足底压力监测的研究现状,以及各种足底压力监测系统的特点.其次,总结了足部生理特征,即足底压力中心点和步态相位的常用划分方法;分析了用于足底压力监测的各种柔性压力传感器——其材料及特点、集成和连接方式,概述了常用的步法识别算法.最后,对足底压力监测系统的设计方向以及进一步研究提出了建议.

摘要：传统卧旋式清秸装置动土量较大,且湿黏土壤抛起时易黏附在机器上,导致作业质量下降、油耗增加,影响装置作业稳定性,针对这一问题,设计一种立旋式定角度清秸机,通过结构设计与分析实现清秸刀齿恒定角度作业,避免秸秆二次带回种床,通过对清秸刀齿切土迹距分析确定装置关键结构参数,应用三因素三水平正交试验方法,以作业速度、迹距系数和入土深度为试验因素,清秸率和单位面积作业功耗为试验评价指标,对影响清秸机作业性能的相关参数进行试验与优化。试验结果表明,当参数组合为作业速度4~8 km/h、迹距系数2和入土深度10 mm时,清秸率不小于89.7%、单位面积作业功耗不大于1.84 W·h/m^(2),整个作业过程均未发生土壤黏附现象。研究结果可突破湿黏土壤环境下播种装备作业局限,为稻麦轮作全程机械化提供技术支撑。

摘要：文化创意产业作为城市发展的新引擎,是未来城市竞争的核心领域。作为文化强国战略建设的重要领域,我国城市文化创意园区的建设发展取得了一定成效,但仍然面临同质化竞争、动力不足、特色不突出等问题,需要开展系统性规划方法研究以推动其高质量发展。立足于公园城市理念,以山水人城和谐相融新实践为统领,从生态环境、发展动力、营城模式、现代治理等角度探讨文化创意城区的规划策略,并以成都天府数字文化创意城为例进行实证研究,以期为国内外文化创意城区的规划建设提供借鉴。

摘要：以“传染病和免疫”为主题,阐述在作业设计中以课程标准、教材内容为依据,精选作业内容;以核心素养为立意取向,优化作业设计;以促进学生全面发展为目标,丰富作业形式,尝试以基础性、提升性、实践性及跨学科拓展性等作业类型,引导学生在完成作业的过程中有效提高生物学学科核心素养。

摘要：岩溶发育地区存在溶洞、串珠溶洞、溶沟溶槽、覆盖层软弱等不良地质条件,因此应进行详细的地质勘探,并依据勘探报告描述的工程地质条件、水文地质条件及拟建建筑上部的结构情况确定地基基础的类型。

摘要：面板堆石坝变形控制的前提是保证坝体各分区的施工质量,而这与坝体分区结构设计关系密切。在坝体分区结构设计环节中,差异过大的主次堆石分区会导致面板出现过大的挠度变形,同时也容易产生开裂、脱空等问题。通过三维非线性有限元分析计算,着重从结构设计理论的角度分析了特高面板堆石坝应力变形特性的影响因素。结合某特高混凝土面板堆石坝,设计了坝体的不同分区方案,从计算结果的对比分析中得出了特高坝的建议分区原则:若次堆石区填料材料特性较差,应尽可能保证次堆石区靠近下游,同时主堆石区和次堆石区分界线应靠近下游;尽量避免次堆石区设置在坝顶范围,以免在次堆石区产生较大的竖向位移对坝顶及上游坝面的影响;全断面采用主堆石区或减小主次堆石区变形模量的差异性,有利于坝体的变形协调。

摘要：压力钢管在众多水利水电工程中被广泛应用。钢岔管作为压力钢管中最为复杂的结构,一直是设计过程中研究的重点。近年来,月牙肋岔管由于结构受力条件好、节省工程量、水力学条件优越等众多优点,在大直径、高水头电站中得到普遍应用。应用CFD方法对国外某水电站压力钢岔管进行单向流固耦合分析,首先根据流体计算结果,分析得出岔管内动水压力对岔管及月牙肋产生的荷载作用;进而将其结果作为初始条件对岔管结构进行应力分析;最终得出在运行工况下,仅动水压力对钢岔管产生的荷载为静水压力的1%,应力不超过其允许应力的4%。