摘要：Wax esters were deriv.d from long chain fatty acids and long chain alcohols with chain length of 12 carbons or more. These compounds hav. many potential applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industries. The present work focuses on the synthesis of wax esters using palm fatty acid distillate and oleyl alcohol catalyzed by Amberlyst 15. Response surface methodology （RSM） based on a fiv.-lev.l, three-v.riable central composite design （CCD） was used to ev.luate the interactiv. effects of synthesis, of amount of Amberlyst 15 catalyst （21.6-38.4% w/w）, reaction time （18-102 min） and molar ratio （palm fatty acid distillate to oleyl alcohol, 1：1.16-1：2.84） on the percentage conv.rsion of palm fatty acid distillate. The optimum conditions deriv.d v.a RSM were： amount of catalyst 33% w/w, reaction time 95 minute and palm fatty acid to oleyl alcohol molar ratio 1：2.7. The actual experimental conv.rsion was 81.52% under optimum condition, which compared well to the maximum predicted v.lue of 80.50%. Analysis of the yield showed that at optimum condition, 80.54% wax esters were produced.

摘要：The main propose of this research was to dev.lop a two-step biodiesel production technique from animal fat as a raw material. The dev.loped process consists ofesterification and transesterification steps. With special attention to optimize the first step is acid catalyzed esterification to reduce free fatty acid content and the second step is alkali catalyzed transesterification for conv.rting triglyceride to fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat containing 78.80 mg KOH/g of high acid v.lue and molecular weight of 851 g/mol with the highest oleic acid content was used as raw material. Respond surface methodology （RSM） was applied for the experiment design. This were 20 experiments inv.lv.ng the three inv.stigated v.riables of methanol to animal fat ratio, amount of sulfuric acid catalyst and reaction time that were studied on esterification to optimize the condition for decreasing acid v.lue in animal fat less than 2 mg KOH/g. The animal fat with low acid v.lue was further experimented in transesterification step to obtain fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat biodiesel is further inv.stigated by determining its fuel properties according to the ASTM standard test method.