摘要：Despite being a promising photoanode material for water splitting,WO_(3) has low conductivity,high onset potential,and sluggish water oxidation *** this study,we designed Ti-doped WO_(3) nanoplate arrays on fluoride-doped tin oxide by a seed-free hydrothermal method,and the effects of doping on the photoelectrochemical performance were *** optimal Ti-doped WO_(3) electrode achieved a photocurrent density of 0.53 mA/cm^(2) at 0.6 V(vs Ag/AgCl),110%higher than that of pure WO_(3) nanoplate ***,a significant cathodic shift in the onset potential was observed after doping.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy valence band and ultraviolet–visible spectra revealed that the band positions of Ti-doped WO_(3) photoanodes moved upward,yielding a lower onset ***,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the conductivities of the WO_(3) photoanodes improved after doping,because of the rapid separation of photo-generated charge ***,we report a new design route toward efficient and low-cost photoanodes for photoelectrochemical applications.

摘要：The mechanism of oxygen pressure acid leaching of sphalerite catalyzed by Fe^3+/Fe^2+self-precipitation was investigated in this *** sphalerite was fabricated with varying amounts of iron content via the sintering of ZnS and FeS and used for the pressure acid leaching *** variations in the potential of the pressure leaching system were investigated by using a self-designed potential *** results showed that compared to the non-iron sphalerite,there was a violent redox reaction between the 25.70%Fe-artificial sphalerite and dissolved oxygen during the process of pressure leaching;and the catalytic mechanism was attributed to the redox couple Fe^3+/Fe^2+,where Fe3+oxidizes the H2S gas film and the reduced Fe2+state is subsequently oxidized by the dissolved ***,the effect of temperature,H2SO4 concentration,and oxygen partial pressure on the artificial sphalerite with different iron contents was *** sphalerite samples with iron content were observed to dissolve more easily in sulfuric acid compared to the non-iron ***,the activation energy of artificial sphalerite was observed to be lower in the sample with 25.70%iron content(22.26 kJ/mol)compared to that with no iron(32.31 kJ/mol);and the apparent reaction orders were obtained with respect to H2SO4 concentration(1.10 and 1.36)and oxygen partial pressure(1.29 and 1.41),respectively.A comprehensive kinetic model was developed on the basis of the experimental data and the fitted leaching ratio plot;and the kinetic equations for the leaching of sphalerite catalyzed by Fe^3+/Fe^2+self-precipitation were determined.

摘要：地震作用下大跨桥上无缝线路纵向响应的研究具有重要意义。以一座大跨桥梁为例,研究了一致激励下桥上无缝线路纵向地震响应,并对小阻力扣件铺设、梁体温差及地震波频谱特性对钢轨最大纵向力的影响进行了分析。得出结论：轨道约束对大跨桥梁结构的低阶纵向自振频率有较大的影响;地震作用下梁缝处钢轨最大纵向力比根据现有规范计算的钢轨最大伸缩力大很多,铁路工程相关规范应增加钢轨地震力检算这一指标;大跨桥上铺设小阻力扣件后,地震时钢轨最大纵向力会降低约20%～30%;穿越震区的大跨桥上无缝线路设计应合理考虑梁体温差的影响,并使桥梁结构低阶纵向自振频率有效避开场地处地震波的主频率段,否则地震发生时桥上无缝线路工作状态将会受到较大考验。

摘要：基于桥上无缝线路尽可能避免使用钢轨伸缩调节器的原则,对国内某改建铁路线上大跨度上承式拱桥上无缝线路铺设方案进行研究,建立了线桥墩一体化拱桥计算模型,从3个方面入手优化设计方案:(1)铺设小阻力扣件;(2)采用速度锁定器;(3)局部降低锁定轨温。对各方案的伸缩力、挠曲力,以及梁轨快速相对位移、断缝值进行了计算和分析。综合比选5种方案后,铺设小阻力扣件为最佳方案;速度锁定器可以限制梁端位移,但在拱桥上的使用经验较少,降低锁定轨温不方便运营和管理;大跨度桥梁精确计算钢轨断缝值时,建议进行梁轨相互作用分析。

摘要：为探讨制动工况下,坡度对长大坡道桥上无缝道岔受力与变形的影响,以国内某一坡度为17.2‰新建铁路线上的桥上无缝道岔为例建立力学分析模型,运用"等效轮轨黏着系数",建立了有砟轨道"岔-桥-墩"相互作用的一体化模型,分析不同坡度下列车制动时,钢轨纵向力、钢轨位移、墩台纵向力、心轨和尖轨位移以及间隔铁纵向力的变化。分析结果表明:坡度的增大对桥上无缝道岔的受力与变形都是不利的;侧股间隔铁的纵向力比直股间隔铁小,但是其受坡度的影响却较大;长大坡道上容易产生爬行现象,应加强无缝道岔防爬锁定,并加密防爬观测次数。

摘要：运用梁轨纵向相互作用机理,建立斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向力计算模型,以一座铁路常用双塔钢桁斜拉桥为例,对斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向相互作用规律进行理论和试验研究。分析结果表明:在主桥左右两端各铺设一组单向伸缩调节器,主桥上钢轨纵向力可得到有效的控制,现场试验测试的桥面纵向位移及钢轨伸缩力分布规律与理论计算基本相同,所建立模型可用于斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向相互作用分析;钢轨挠曲力计算时,可在斜拉桥主跨及其邻跨上布置荷载,且不必考虑列车入桥方向的变化;钢轨伸缩调节器可有效减弱列车制动荷载下的梁轨相互约束作用,减小线路受力变形。

摘要：基于梁轨相互作用原理,通过分析斜拉桥桥上结构受力特点,建立了斜拉桥桥上无缝线路梁轨相互作用模型,用于分析其梁轨相互作用规律。为提高计算速率和工作效率,以有限元软件ANSYS为平台,利用FORTRAN语言进行二次开发,编制了斜拉桥桥上无缝线路计算软件CSBCWR,此软件可用于钢轨伸缩附加力、挠曲力、制动力、断轨力、梁轨快速相对位移、桥面位移及斜拉索轴向附加力的计算分析,计算过程高效快捷。

摘要：为了研究线路纵向阻力形式对桥上无缝线路纵向力的影响,基于梁轨相互作用原理,采用有限元方法建立了线-桥-墩一体化计算模型,以多跨简支梁为例,分析了常阻力、双线性和幂指数型等不同形式的线路阻力对计算桥上无缝线路时的影响。计算结果表明:常量阻力下计算得到的钢轨伸缩力较双线性及幂指数型阻力要小,且随温度跨度的增加双线性和幂指数型计算结果越来越接近,而常量阻力与两者差别逐渐增大;计算钢轨制动力时,常量阻力计算结果要小得多,且梁轨相对位移较大,已超出我国检算标准;不同钢轨降温幅度下,双线性和幂指数型阻力计算的钢轨断缝值基本相同,但却远小于常量阻力,且钢轨降温幅度越大,差别越大。由此可知,应重视线路阻力形式的选取,尽量由实际测试数据进行拟合,使其能模拟真实的现场情况。

摘要：为了指导铁路桥上附加伸缩力放散的施工,基于大型有限元软件ANSYS提出状态法非线性弹簧结果修正线性弹簧模拟线路纵向阻力的方法,建立完整的附加伸缩力放散的模型并进行计算,一方面验证了计算方法的正确性,同时也得到桥上无缝线路采用拧松扣件的方法放散钢轨附加伸缩力的方法是可行的。该分析计算方法也可用于指导普通无缝线路温度力的放散工作。

摘要：文章通过对大型纯碱装置中碳化塔的使用工况及设计选型进行了阐述和对比,论述了优化设计碳化塔在生产操作中的重要性和经济性,强调了碳化操作管理的特殊性。