摘要：给40头母猪（长白X约克夏）饲喂δ-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）或无机铁（FeSO4），研究母猪在分娩、哺乳阶段及其仔猪（392头）体内铁的营养状况。试验采用2×2因素设计，在整个孕期和哺乳期给母猪分别饲喂铁90mg·kg^-1和ALA90mg·kg^-1和给新生仔猪注射铁一葡聚糖0和200mg。试验结果表明，饲喂ALA日粮的母猪所产活仔数显著高于硫酸亚铁组（p〈0．05），其仔猪出生重和断奶重也极显著提高（p〈0．01）。饲喂ALA母猪的乳铁浓度及其21日龄仔猪的血浆游离血红蛋白（Hb）和铁含量均显著高于硫酸亚铁组（p〈0．05）。对母猪饲喂ALA并对其仔猪注射铁，可增加仔猪在出生后的0、7、21d的体重和0～7d的平均日增重。在0—7d，饲喂硫酸亚铁的母猪所产仔猪的平均日增重显著高于饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪（p〈0．04）饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪整个哺乳期的血浆中铁、Hb浓度和红细胞比容值显著提高（p〈0．05）。在21d，饲喂硫酸亚铁的母猪所产仔猪在注射铁之后，其血浆中铁和Hb的浓度以及红细胞比容值显著高于饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪（p〈0．05）。在7和21d，对饲喂ALA母猪所产的仔猪注射铁可显著降低其血浆铜蓝蛋白氧化酶的活性（p〈0．05）。研究表明，母猪日粮中添加ALA可增加乳铁含量，可对乳猪血浆中铁的营养状况产生有益的作用效果。

摘要：对40头母猪(长白×约克夏)饲喂δ-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)或无机铁(FeSO4),研究母猪在分娩、哺乳阶段及仔猪(392头)体内铁的营养状况。试验采用2×2因素设计,分别饲喂两种不同添加剂铁硫酸亚铁90mg·kg-1和ALA90mg·kg-1)和对新生仔猪注射两种浓度铁-葡聚糖(0和200mg),试验期为整个孕期和哺乳期。结果表明,饲喂ALA日粮的母猪所产活仔数显著高于硫酸亚铁组(p<0.05),其仔猪出生重和断奶重也极显著提高(p<0.01)。饲喂ALA母猪的乳铁浓度及其21日龄仔猪的血浆游离血红蛋白(Hb)和铁含量均显著高于硫酸亚铁组(p<0.05)。对母猪饲喂ALA并对其仔猪注射铁,可增加仔猪在出生后的0、7、21d的体重和0～7d的平均日增重。在0～7d,饲喂硫酸亚铁的母猪所产仔猪(FeSO4×注射铁)的平均日增重显著高于饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪(ALA×注射铁,p<0.04)。饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪(ALA×注射铁)整个哺乳期的血浆中铁、Hb浓度和红细胞比容值显著提高(p<0.05)。在第2天,饲喂硫酸亚铁的母猪所产仔猪在注射铁之后,其血浆中铁和Hb的浓度以及红细胞比容值显著高于饲喂ALA的母猪所产仔猪(ALA×注射铁,p<0.05)。在第7和21天,对饲喂ALA母猪所产的仔猪注射铁可显著降低其血浆铜蓝蛋白氧化酶的活性(p<0.05)。研究结果表明,母猪日粮中添加ALA和对仔猪注射铁可增加乳铁含量,有利于仔猪血浆中铁的营养状况。

摘要：试验旨在评估产蛋鸡日粮中添加δ-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）和维生素C（VC）对蛋鸡生产性能、铁营养状况和蛋品质的影响。试验选择252只海兰褐色商品蛋鸡（57~63周龄）,采用2×3因子设计,饲喂2个水平VC（0和500mg·kg-1）、3个水平ALA（0、5和10mg·kg-1）。每个处理含7个重复,每个重复6只母鸡。试验结果表明,4～6周,日粮添加ALA和VC可显著提高产蛋量（p〈0.05）。红细胞压积（HCT）、总铁结合力（TIBC）、白细胞（WBC）、总蛋白和白蛋白浓度不受日粮处理组的影响。不过,观察到ALA和ALA与VC的交互影响,可提高红细胞、血红蛋白和血清铁浓度（p〈0.05）。此外,与不添加ALA的母鸡相比,添加ALA和VC可提高母鸡血淋巴细胞的百分比（p〈0.05）。而且,3～6周,ALA或VC有改善（p〈0.05）蛋黄颜色单位和白蛋白高度的单个效果。受ALA的影响,蛋壳颜色加深（p〈0.05）。试验结束时,添加VC也可提高（p〈0.05）哈夫单位。不过,ALA和VC都不能对蛋重、蛋壳断裂强度和蛋壳厚度产生影响。试验结果表明,日粮添加ALA和VC可改善产蛋母鸡铁营养状况和蛋品质。

摘要：The high cost and low efficiency of fatigue tests are bottleneck problem for the anti-fatigue design of metallic *** this problem,a theoretical fatigue model is proposed in this study,the possible applications have also been *** results would be introduced in two serial papers,in which the first paper focuses on the model building and the applications on fatigue strength prediction;the second paper put emphasis on the influencing factors of the model parameters and the applications on fatigue strength *** this first paper,a theoretical model is proposed considering both the strength and plastic restrictions of fatigue *** the model builds up a brief relationship among yield strength(Y),tensile strength(T)and fatigue strength(F),it is named as the Y-T-F *** the verification with fatigue strength data covering various kinds of metallic materials and loading conditions,this Y-T-F model exhibits both generality and *** the Y-T-F model,the efficient fatigue strength prediction could be conducted by brief linear fitting and calculation,just through yield strength,tensile strength and several known fatigue strength ***,through its deduced Y-F model,the analytical formula of fatigue strength continuously changing with materials strengthening can be obtained,as well as the maximum value of fatigue strength and corresponding critical yield *** summary,the Y-T-F model would be useful for reducing the fatigue tests,thus providing new possibilities on the efficient anti-fatigue design and selection of metallic materials.

摘要：澳门科学一号卫星B星(Macao Science Satellite-1B;MSS-1B)于2023年5月21日通过中国长征二号丙火箭成功发射.其上搭载的太阳X射线探测仪(Solar X-ray Detector;SXD)于同年6月初开机运行.该探测器中的软X射线探测单元组(Soft X-ray Detection Units;SXDUs)由两个硅漂移探测器(Silicon Drift Detector;SDD)构成,其探测能谱的能量范围为0.7~***具备高能量分辨率,在5.9keV处的能量峰半高全宽为0.14keV,同时,探测器具高时间分辨率,能够以1秒的时间间隔记录能谱数据.本文结合地面标定实验及模拟分析,对MSS-1B/SXDUs探测数据进行标定,以获取准确的太阳软X射线能谱.标定后的太阳软X射线通量与静止环境观测卫星(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite;GOES)获取的通量数据一致.此外,初步能谱分析结果显示,MSS-1B/SXDUs不仅运行稳定,而且各项性能指标均符合预期设计,为深入研究太阳耀斑的动力学演化研究提供了可靠的观测数据.最后,搭载于澳门科学一号卫星的新型太阳X射线探测仪实现了太阳软X和硬X射线的同步观测,其宝贵的观测数据可为太阳活动研究作出贡献.

摘要：Refractory alloys such as tungsten and molybdenum based alloys with high strength,thermal/electrical conductivity,low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent creep resistances are highly desirable for applications in nuclear facilities,critical components in aerospace and defense ***,the serious embrittlement limits the engineering usability of some refractory alloys.A lot of research results indicate that the performances of refractory alloys are closely related to the physical/chemical status,such as the interface dimension,interface type,interface composition of their grain boundaries(GBs),phase boundaries(pBs)and other interface *** paper reviewed the recent progress of simulations and experiments on interface design strategies that achieve high performance refractory *** strategies include GB interface purifying/strengthening,pB interface strengthening and pB/GB synergistic *** details are provided on the design/fabrication strategy such as GB interface controlling,pB interface controlling and synergistic control of multi-scaled *** corresponding performances such as the mechanical property,thermal conductivity,thermal load resistance,thermal stability,irradiation resistance,and oxidation resistance are reviewed in the aspect to the effect of *** addition,the relationships between these interfaces and material properties are ***,future developments and potential new research directions for refractory alloys are proposed.

摘要：为了扩展出新的风力机翼型型线和建立便于优化统一的数学模型,基于儒可夫斯基保角变换理论和西奥道生法,提出一种通用的翼型形状参数化集成表达函数(形状函数),分析并推导生成翼型的控制条件方程,研究翼型设计空间覆盖特性情况。以FX66-S196-V1翼型为例,研究应用参数化集成方法生成的不同阶次拟合翼型的几何收敛特性和空气动力收敛特性,随着拟合阶次的增加,拟合翼型的几何坐标和气动性能结果向原翼型逐渐逼近,其11阶拟合翼型的气动特性能够很好的吻合原翼型。在相同工况下11阶拟合翼型升力特性、阻力特性结果与该翼型试验数据的误差很小,可以利用11阶拟合翼型代替原翼型进行风力机的设计和分析,并总结不同翼型参数化集成表达的最低拟合阶数。

摘要：Breaching of embankments has recently drawn more and more attention due to its importance in the development of early warning systems for embankment failures,in the evacuation plans of people at risk,in the design method of embankments based on a risk-approach,etc. The erosion process observed during embankment breaching tests in the laboratory and the analysis of the results are described in this paper. Five embankments,one constructed with pure sand,four with different sand-silt-clay mixtures were tested. The height of the embankments was 75 cm and the width at the crest was 60 cm. Examination of the data from these tests indicated that headcut erosion played an important role in the process of breach growth in the embankments made of cohesive soil mixtures. Flow shear erosion,fluidization of the headcut slope surface,undermining of the headcut due to impinging jet scour and discrete soil mechanical slope mass failure from the headcut were all observed during these tests. For the embankment constructed with pure sand,the breach erosion process was dominated by shear erosion,which led to a gradual and relatively uniform retreat of the downstream slope. The cohesive proportion in the sand-silt-clay mixtures strongly slowed down the erosion process.

摘要：In order to solve the serious problems of seeds are covered by residual film and overhead by straw during no-till seeding,a seed furrow cleaning device for no-till maize seeding was developed,which adopted a collaborative cleaning method of rotating spring teeth and curved sliding *** movement process and motion trajectory of throwing residual film and straw were *** maximum distance of throwing to one side in horizontal and maximum height in vertical were *** motion trajectory of adjacent spring teeth was analyzed by Matlab,the motion trajectories of adjacent spring teeth at different speeds of 120 r/min,150 r/min and 180 r/min were achieved,the theoretical analysis results showed that the area of omitted area decreased with the increase of rotation *** on theoretical and simulation analysis of critical parameters,the forward speed of machine,rotation speed of spring teeth,and dip angle between spring teeth and rotary disc were selected as the influencing *** cleaning rate(SCR)and residual film cleaning rate(RFCR)were selected as the response values for three factors and three levels of orthogonal experiment *** optimal combination of the selected parameters was obtained,and the field test verification was also *** results showed that the rotation speed of spring teeth,forward speed and dip angle of spring teeth significantly affect SCR and RFCR were in decreasing *** field test results indicated that when forward speed was 6 km/h,rotation speed of spring teeth was 180 r/min and dip angle of spring teeth was 40°,SCR and RFCR were 88.27%and 84.31%,*** study provides a reference for the development of no-till seeder in Xinjiang and the northwestern regions of China.

摘要：为确保STEp卫星超高精度加速度计的测量头线圈三维超导膜在设计的工作电流范围内完全超导,以实现10-18g精度的加速度测量,对测量头线圈进行了低温超导测试,测试证明三维超导膜存在不完全超导缺陷。利用分段测试法对三维膜线圈的二维组成部分进行了测试,确定了测量头线圈超导缺陷的位置,并分析了造成超导缺陷的原因。根据测试和分析结果改进了线圈设计,实现了测量头线圈的完全超导,并标定线圈的最大工作电流为-40～40mA,满足STEp卫星加速度计对超导电流要求的-10～10mA,设计裕度达到300%。通过测试、分析与改进设计,定型了STEp卫星超高精度加速度计测量头线圈的研制,为完成STEp任务奠定了技术基础。同时,实现了三维超导膜线圈的制造与工程应用。