摘要：Super-long span bridges demand high design requirements and involve many difficulties when constructed,which is an important indicator to reflect the bridge technical level of a *** the past three decades,a large percentage of the new long-span bridges around the world were built in China,and thus,abundant technological innovations and experience have been accumulated during the design and *** paper aims to review and summarize the design and construction practices of the superstructure,the substructure,and the steel deck paving of the long-span bridges during the past decades as well as the current operation status of the existing long-span bridges in China.A future perspective was given on the developing trend of high-speed railway bridge,bridge over deep-sea,health monitoring and maintenance,intellectualization,standard system,and information technology,which is expected to guide the development direction for the construction of future super long-span bridges and promote China to become a strong bridge construction country.

摘要：Hydrogel is a smart material with a three-dimensional network structure and has been widely used in various fields due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and modification. Photosensitive hydrogel is a smart hydrogel, and its amenability to remote, precise control, and flexible and convenient regulation of stimulating factors make it an ideal candidate for use in fields such as biological materials, drug carriers, and sensors. In this review, we discuss the structure, mechanisms, design principles,and bioapplications of photosensitive hydrogels as developed in recent years. Finally, their potential for development and potential future challenges are outlined.

摘要：When considering the practical engineering application of a waverider,the on-design and off-design aerodynamic characteristics of the design conditions,especially the lift-to-drag ratio and the stability,deserve *** to recently studies,the planform and rear sight shape of a waverider are closely related to the above aerodynamic ***,the planform leading-edge profile curve used to design the planform shape of a vehicle is applied to designing an osculating cone *** key parameters concerned in planform and rear sight shape,namely the plan view sweep angle of the leading edge and the dihedral angle of the underside are introduced to the waverider design *** parameter is inserted in the control curve ***,a parameterization scheme is put forward for the free adjustment of the sweep angle along the leading ***,three examples are generated for verification and *** the verification process based on the inviscid flow field of one case,the influences of the sweep and dihedral angles on the lift-to-drag ratio and the lateral static stability are evaluated,and meaningful results are *** on these results,we can conclude that,considering the maximum lift-to-drag ratio,the sweep angle plays a role on the lift-to-drag ratio only at subsonic and trans/supersonic speed as a negligible effect is observed at hypersonic speeds,whereas the dihedral angle is seem to produce a relevant difference at hypersonic *** the lateral static stability,the dihedral angles have more influence on the waverider than the sweep angles.

摘要：目的:针对高超声速飞行过程中机体前缘和进气道之间相互影响的问题,本文从头部进气的角度出发,利用内转式进气道高总压恢复系数和高压缩效率的特性,探索前体与进气道的一体化设计。创新点:1.提出一种内转式轴对称基准流场的构建方法,并设计生成内转式进气道;2.设计内转式乘波前体/进气道一体化构型,并提出将进气道进口型线划分为前体前缘型线(FCC)和进气道唇口型线(LCC)。方法:1.构建内转式轴对称基准流场(图9);2.在基准流场中生成内转式进气道并设计构造进气道外表面(图13);3.通过仿真模拟,验证所提方法及原理的正确性和有效性(图15~20)。结论:1.基于特征线理论,设计并求解内转式乘波前体/进气道轴对称基准流模型(IARFM),同时设计并生成了内转式进气道和外壁面;提出将进气道进口型线划分为前体前缘型线(FCC)和进气道唇口型线(LCC)。2.提出了内转式乘波前体/进气道(ITWF)的一体化设计方法,并通过对无粘数值模拟结果与理论设计值的比较,验证了设计方法的正确性和有效性。3.经过分析可知,激波形状和位置的数值模拟结果与基准流模型吻合较好。这些结果验证了无粘流设计条件下的一体化设计过程的正确性,且该一体化结构具有较高的总压恢复系数和气流捕获效率。

摘要：The multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO)approach is very crucial for the conceptual design of the aircraft,and this is due to the complex interaction between different disciplines, especially for the hypersonic vehicle. In the hypersonic vehicle, the airframe and the engine are highly integrated. In the current survey, the research progress in the MDO approach has been reviewed comprehensively from four primary techniques, namely the design of experiments, the surrogate modeling, the optimization method and the MDO framework, and its application to the aerospace engineering has been summarized from its category as well. The concurrent subspace optimization approach is the most popular method in the aerospace engineering for its easy implementation, and following is the collaborative optimization approach. The multi-level optimization approach has attracted a growing attention due to its high efficiency. In conclusion, some promising research recommendations have been put forward, namely the combination of the low- and high-fidelity optimization approaches, the consideration of the uncertainty analysis and the MDO approach coupled with the data mining techniques.

摘要：Cortical electrodes are a powerful tool for the stimulation and/or recording of electrical activity in the nervous ***,the inevitable wound caused by surgical implantation of electrodes presents bacterial infection and inflammatory reaction risks associated with foreign body ***,inflammation of the wound area can dramatically worsen in response to bacterial *** consequences can not only lead to the failure of cortical electrode implantation but also threaten the lives of ***,we prepared a hydrogel made of bacterial cellulose(BC),a flexible substrate for cortical electrodes,and further loaded antibiotic tetracycline(TC)and the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone(DEX)onto *** encapsulated drugs can be released from the BC hydrogel and effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive ***,therapeutic cortical electrodes were developed by integrating the drug-loaded BC hydrogel and nine-channel serpentine arrays;these were used to record electrocorticography(ECoG)signals in a rat *** to the controlled release of TC and DEX from the BC hydrogel substrate,therapeutic cortical electrodes can alleviate or prevent symptoms associated with the bacterial infection and inflammation of brain *** approach facilitates the development of drug delivery electrodes for resolving complications caused by implantable electrodes.

摘要：Simultaneous inhibition of MDM2 and CDK4 may be an effective treatment against glioblastoma. A collection of chiral spirocyclic tetrahydronaphthalene(THN)-oxindole hybrids for this purpose have been developed. Appropriate stereochemistry in THN-fused spirooxindole compounds is key to their inhibitory activity: selectivity differed by over 40-fold between the least and most potent stereoisomers in time-resolved FRET and KINOMEscan~? in vitro assays. Studies in glioblastoma cell lines showed that the most active compound ent-4g induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by interfering with MDM2-P53 interaction and CDK4 activation. Cells treated with ent-4g showed up-regulation of proteins involved in P53 and cell cycle pathways. The compound showed good anti-tumor efficacy against glioblastoma xenografts in mice. These results suggested that rational design, asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of novel tetrahydronaphthalene fused spirooxindoles could generate promising MDM2-CDK4 dual inhibitors in glioblastoma therapy.

摘要：目的:超燃冲压发动机燃烧室中氢气的燃烧性能引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。本文旨在探讨不同压比下超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的燃烧性能以及壁面凹腔的影响,为双模态超燃冲压发动机燃烧室设计提供参考。创新点:1.研究压比变化过程中超燃向亚燃的转换过程;2.研究壁面凹腔设置对模态转换过程的影响。方法:采用数值模拟方法研究不同来流条件下,压比和壁面凹腔设置对基于支板的超燃冲压发动机燃烧室中模态转换过程的影响。结论:1.壁面喷注压强对流场结构影响很大,特别是对于亚燃到超燃的模态转换过程和燃烧性能,当壁面喷注压强大约为支板喷注压强一半时,效果最好;2.壁面凹腔能帮助稳定流场,但也会带来一定的混合效率和燃烧效率损失,同时壁面凹腔能帮助延迟从超燃模态向亚燃模态的转换时间,这也从一定程度上说明带凹腔的燃烧室更加适合于超燃模态。

摘要：Under the guidance of the major two-period research program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the hypersonic technique has steadily *** development of its core component-the airbreathing hypersonic propulsion system,and of some novel concepts of the combined cycle engine,is needed urgently to meet the power requirements of single/two-stage-to-orbit manned spacecraft and hypersonic aircraft,such as the SR-72(Fig.1).However,the resident time of the high-speed flow in the scramjet combustor is very limited,only a few milliseconds,and the generation of useful thrust through additional heat at such high speeds is still a challenging task(huang et al.,2019).Therefore,many mixing augmentation devices have been proposed and investigated,as well as flame propagation and stabilization mechanisms in the supersonic or hypersonic flow(huang et al.,2018).Fig.2 shows the operational process in an airbreathing hypersonic propulsion *** developed computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approaches,such as the efficient WENOCU4 developed by Li et al.(2020),have contributed greatly to ground experimental testing,especially of approaches with high-order accuracy.

摘要：The effect of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)plasma actuators on the control of hypersonic shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions is investigated here using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes calculations with low magnetic Reynolds number approximation.A Mach 5 oblique shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction was adopted as the basic configuration in this numerical study in order to assess the effects of flow control using different combinations of magnetic field and *** show that just the thermal effect of plasma under experimental actuator parameters has no significant impact on the flow field and can therefore be *** the basis of the relative position of control area and separation point,MHD control can be divided into four types and so effects and mechanisms might be *** these,D-type control leads to the largest reduction in separation length using magnetically-accelerated plasma inside an isobaric dead-air region.A novel parameter for predicting the shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction control based on Lorentz force acceleration is then proposed and the controllability of MHD plasma actuators under different MHD interaction parameters is *** results of this study will be insightful for the further design of MHD control in hypersonic vehicle inlets.