摘要：苔藓是高寒草甸中重要的植物群落组成部分。为探究苔藓结皮对高寒草甸土壤特性的影响,以高寒草甸不同坡度(平地、缓坡、陡坡)苔藓结皮土壤为研究对象,以没有苔藓结皮的土壤为对照,研究苔藓结皮对高寒草甸土壤养分和微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明:苔藓结皮覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高了高寒草甸土壤中有机质(20.4%~100.7%)、硝态氮(64.9%~161.5%)、铵态氮(93.8%~236.1%)、速效钾(24.3%~50.7%)和全氮(47.0%~67.0%)等养分含量;提高了土壤中酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的相对丰度,增加了土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性,降低了土壤中鞭毛菌门(Mortierellomycota)和坡地子囊菌门(Ascomycota)的相对丰度,降低了土壤真菌群落的丰富度和多样性;苔藓结皮覆盖后的高寒草甸土壤养分和微生物群落也受到坡度的影响,细菌多样性在平地中最高,缓坡地中多数土壤养分含量较高且真菌多样性也为最高。因此,苔藓结皮可以改善高寒草甸的土壤肥力和土壤微生物群落结构,在高寒草甸生态系统维持和演替中具有重要作用,这种作用和坡度有关。

摘要：尘暴是火星表面沙尘颗粒在剧烈的大气运动下形成的扬尘现象,局部尘暴可持续几个火星日(sols),大型甚至全球性尘暴可持续长达几个月.火星尘暴事件严重威胁探测器着陆过程的安全性,并可能加剧火星车太阳能帆板表面的沙尘沉积进而导致火星车供电不足.为保障火星探测任务着陆过程的安全,应开展火星尘暴事件的时空概率分析并对着陆前的尘暴事件进行预报.本文以中国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”为例,开展了:(1)基于长时间序列(MY24~28)火星遥感影像(MDGMs)来提取尘暴对象和尘暴序列,建立乌托邦平原(Utopia Planitia)研究区的尘暴时空数据库;(2)计算研究区中尘暴出现的时空概率,并对“天问一号”任务的着陆时间、地点以及“祝融号”火星车工作和休眠期内的尘暴活动进行分析评价;(3)完成“天问一号”主选和备选着陆圆的原生尘暴划分和尘暴序列的特征提取,并实现了“天问一号”任务着陆前的尘暴预报分析.未来应当结合大气环流模型模拟和计算的大气物理等参数(温度、压强、光学深度、风速和风向等)来综合研究尘暴等大气活动的机理和影响因子,以提高尘暴分析和预报的准确性以及实时性.

摘要：文章旨在通过开发集成梁板溯源与生产过程管控的智慧梁场管理系统,实现预制混凝土梁板生产过程的智能化管理。系统采用三层架构设计,利用RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)技术、云数据库、物联网、API(Application Programming Interface)接口等技术,实现多端访问与实时处理,全面监控生产环节。智能化的管理方式不仅提升物料利用率与生产安全,还优化资源配置,提高生产效率与产品质量。系统有效促进梁板生产的工厂化和自动化,为梁板生产的技术进步与管理革新提供有力的实践案例。

摘要：Searching and designing materials with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity （LTC） have attracted extensive considera- tion in thermoelectrics and thermal management community. The concept of part-crystalline part-liquid state, or even part-crystalline part-amorphous state, has recently been proposed to describe the exotic structure of materials with chemical-bond hierarchy, in which a set of atoms is weakly bonded to the rest species while the other sublattices retain relatively strong rigidity. The whole system inherently manifests the coexistence of rigid crystalline sublattices and fluctuating noncrystalline substructures. Representative materials in the unusual state can be classified into two categories, i.e., caged and non-caged ones. LTCs in both systems deviate from the traditional 7-1 relationship （T, the absolute temperature）, which can hardly be described by small-parameter-based perturbation approaches. Beyond the classical perturbation theory, an extra rattling-like scattering should be considered to interpret the liquid-like and sublattice-amorphization-induced heat transport. Such a kind of compounds could be promising high-performance thermoelectric materials, due to the extremely low LTCs. Other physical properties for these part-crystalline substances should also exhibit certain novelty and deserve further exploration.

摘要：As a special type of novel flexible structures, tensegrity holds promise for many potential applications in such fields as materials science, biomechanics, civil and aerospace engineering. Rhombic systems are an important class of tensegrity structures, in which each bar constitutes the longest diagonal of a rhombus of four strings. In this paper, we address the design methods of rhombic structures based on the idea that many tensegrity structures can be constructed by assembling one-bar elementary cells. By analyzing the properties of rhombic cells, we first develop two novel schemes, namely, direct enumeration scheme and cell-substitution scheme. In addition, a facile and efficient method is presented to integrate several rhombic systems into a larger tensegrity structure. To illustrate the applications of these methods, some novel rhombic tensegrity structures are constructed.

摘要：随着信息安全威胁的日益增多和复杂化,从传统监控向可观测性的转变已成为不可避免的趋势。为有效应对信息系统在故障检测、性能优化和安全管理等领域的问题,设计并实现了B/S架构下前后端分离的可观测性系统。系统主要功能包括四项:一是数据收集。通过对日志、指标与追踪三种数据的收集实现对软硬件层面的全方位监控。二是数据处理。通过日志处理与数据聚合实现对收集到的数据进行有效的管理与分析。三是数据存储。通过存储与管理日志数据、性能指标和追踪数据,为系统的监控、分析和优化提供支持。四是数据可视化。通过交互式监督与实时数据展示来设置监控指标并了解系统健康状态。系统应用于中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司研发并运维的信息系统,应用结果表明:该系统能够快速识别并诊断潜在问题,提高信息系统的可靠性,优化信息系统的性能。

摘要：Cyclic dinucleotides(CDNs) are known to activate stimulator of interferon genes(STING) and induce type I interferon responses, therefor possess great potentials to be of immunotherapeutic value for cancers and infectious diseases. However, the existence of different single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of human STING(hSTING) gene poses an obstacle to achieve broad-spectrum activation by CDNs. We reported here the design and synthesis of a total of 36 CDNs, representing all structural variations, that contain four bases(A, G, C, U) and two linkage directions(2′-5′-linked and 3′-5′-linked phosphodiester).Through systematic evaluation of IFN-β induction with a dual-luciferase reporter assay, we discovered that wild type hSTING and two isoforms(HAQ and AQ) showed strong response while hSTING-R232 H and R293 Q exhibited the relatively weak response to CDNs stimulation. For the first time, we found that the c[G(2′,5′)U(2′,5′)] showed excellent activity against all five hSTING variants even equivalent to the endogenous ligand c[G(2′,5′)A(3′,5′)]. Furthermore, we have also demonstrated that 3′-3′CDNs with two 3′-5′ phosphodiesters showed higher serum and hydrolase stability than 2′-2′ CDNs with two 2′-5′ phosphodiesters and 2′-3′ CDNs with one 2′-5′ and one 3′-5′ phosphodiester. It is very interesting to note that 2′-2′ CDNs has been found for the first time to show strong activity. These findings will stimulate our exploration for the new functional role of CDNs, and provide guidelines to design CDNs based hSTING targeted drugs.

摘要：基于Fick定律的各类混凝土氯离子预测方法因影响因素之间存在耦合或者同质性而难以考虑多个影响因素进行分析。提出了基于麻雀搜索算法神经网络(SSA-BP)的机制砂混凝土氯离子扩散系数的人工智能预测方法。神经网络的拓扑结构设计为包含4节点输入层、9节点隐藏层、1节点输出层。以水胶比、环境温度、相对湿度以及粉灰比4个参数作为输入变量,以28 d氯离子扩散系数作为输出变量,通过室内试验得出的数据为样本值,使用决定函数(R2)、均方差(MSE)等对优化前后的两种神经网络模型进行对比分析,并探究不同变量因素对氯离子扩散系数的影响。结果表明:通过引入麻雀算法(SSA)可以弥补BP神经网络全局搜索能力弱的缺点,解决预测结果局部最优的难题,从而提高氯离子扩散的预测准确度。

摘要：以川西北藏区的民族特色村寨羊茸哈德村为案例地,通过使用Python网络爬虫技术获取整理旅游网站的相关网络文本,运用ROST-CM6软件进行词频统计分析、语义网络分析和情感分析,研究游客对民族特色村寨的旅游形象感知。研究发现:游客对羊茸哈德村的整体形象感知是积极的,表现为村寨的景观风貌感知、活动体验感知、特色文化感知和服务质量及基础设施感知4个方面,正面感知主要来源于羊茸哈德村的自然生态景观和民族文化风情。游客对羊茸哈德村的情感态度整体上趋于良好,积极感知远大于消极感知;部分游客在旅游体验与氛围、旅游设施及服务、旅游路途及交通等方面持消极态度。根据网络文本分析结果,结合村寨的发展现状和现实意义,提出建议:村寨旅游应明确村寨品牌定位,发展特色旅游产品;完善配套基础设施,提升服务管理水平;注重宣传导识媒介,加强文化氛围营造。

摘要：Here,a novel Au Wedge-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(WERS)substrate is *** electric field enhancement factor and the effective mode field radius with varying geometry parameters are *** proper excitation wavelength 633 nm is *** practical application of WERS substrate is *** Au WERS not only can provide a continuous extremely highly localized electric field as surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)hotspots,but also can offer 10 orders of magnitude of SERS enhancement *** corresponding results reveal that WERS substrate will be widely applied in optics,biology,chemistry and other fields.