摘要：Two-dimensional Fourier transform(2D FT) spectroscopy is an important technology that developed in recent decades and has many advantages over other ultrafast spectroscopy methods. Although 2D FT spectroscopy provides great opportunities for studying various complex systems, the experimental implementation and theoretical description of 2D FT spectroscopy measurement still face many challenges, which limits their wide ***, the 2D FT spectroscopy reaches maturity due to many new developments which greatly reduces the technical barrier in the experimental implementation of the 2D FT spectrometer. There have been several different approaches developed for the optical design of the 2D FT spectrometer, each with its own advantages and limitations. Thus, a procedure to help an experimentalist to build a 2D FT spectroscopy experimental apparatus is *** tutorial review is intending to provide an accessible introduction for a beginner to build a 2D FT spectrometer.

摘要：为解决普通晶振频率长期漂移量较大的问题,提出了一种用GPS秒脉冲对晶振脉冲在线自动测量及修正,从而产生本地高精度时钟的方法,据此设计了一种基于单片机和CPLD的智能自校准数字时钟系统。介绍了时钟产生及校准模块、鉴相及相差测量模块等硬件电路组成和数据采集、晶振误差补偿算法实现等软件设计。该系统在需要较高精度时间显示的场所具有实际应用价值。

摘要：为了产生语音调度系统中数据接收端异步接收PCM30/32路一次群串行数据流所需同步时钟的目的,采用以分频计数器为基础模块,辅以相位校正和误校正处理模块从已知速率PCM数据流中提取同步时钟信号的方法,利用可编程逻辑器件和Verilog HDL硬件描述语言对该方法进行实现和仿真验证。结果表明该方法能够有效地利用已有串行数据流产生具备合适相位的同步采样时钟信号。

摘要：为实现对大气中氙的自动取样,设计了一套基于工业计算机与可编程控制器的氙取样器电控系统。该系统上位机采用组态软件Kingwiew6.3实现与各设备的通讯:通过RS-485总线通信方式实时监控并采集温控器温度信息;通过以太网监控下位机逻辑可编程控制器(programmable logic controller,PLC)的运行状态,实时采集各气路电磁阀开关状态信息、压力及流量数据。下位机PLC按流程需要设定控制程序,实现对各类仪器设备的控制及模拟量数据的采集。系统具备自动报警、自动报表、数据查询、连续自动取样、手动/自动切换控制等功能,已成功应用于大气氙取样器系统中。

摘要：聚氨酯涂料被广泛用作各种基材的保护层和装饰层.然而,大量使用溶剂型涂料会造成环境污染.水性聚氨酯涂料具有低毒性和低挥发性有机物排放的特点,是一种环保型涂料,但制造水性聚氨酯的主要原材料来自不可持续的石油资源.本研究利用生物基聚三亚甲基醚二醇(PO3G)通过预聚体法合成了一系列生物基含量在60%左右的生物基水性聚氨酯(WPU),对WPU的结构和性能进行了系统表征.结果表明,随着亲水扩链剂含量的提高,乳液的粒径和样品的断裂伸长率降低,乳液的Zeta电位绝对值和黏度,胶膜微相分离程度,拉伸强度和杨氏模量提高,其中WPU-7样品的拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别达到55.2和77.1 MPa,韧性为97.18 MJ·m^(-3),所有样品在可见光波长范围内透光率均超过89%,此材料有望应用于显微镜镜片等领域的保护和装饰.这项研究为设计具有优异性能的生物基WPU提供了新思路,从而减少对石化资源的依赖.

摘要：随着天然气管网互联互通成环成网,需要利用仿真技术模拟各种工况下的管网运行状态,以提升管网的供气能力,进而降低管网运行成本。现有的智能化仿真方法过于依赖数据驱动,忽略了天然气流动机理,导致精度与稳定性较差且结果不可解释。为此,从机理角度分析了天然气流动基本控制方程与管网拓扑结构,将机理信息耦合至深度学习的损失函数指导结构设计与训练,形成了天然气管网物理信息神经网络PINN(Physics-Informed Neural Network)仿真模型;然后描述了输入输出变量之间的耦合关系,设计边界条件嵌入训练硬约束模式,建立了硬约束和物理信息神经网络结合BHC-PINN(Boundary Hard-Constraint Physics-Informed NeuralNetwork)的模型,实现了天然气管网全时空状态的仿真监测。研究结果表明:(1) PINN模型将管道与拓扑结构的机理信息耦合进损失函数以提高模型的可解释性,并借助管网进出口冗余数据提高了准确性,实现了对管网压力流量的准确监测;(2)建立的边界硬约束模式,使神经网络的输出强制满足边界条件,得到的流量和压力仿真误差分别从2.1%和0.32%下降低至1.5%和0.082%,训练的效率和速度分别提高了48.5%和55.9%;(3) BHC-PINN能实现管网任意位置气体流动状态的观测,对于中间阀室压力的仿真最大误差为0.2%。结论认为,该新方法能准确仿真天然气管网内流动状态,增强了数据驱动模型的可解释性,并为天然气管网瞬态仿真提供了数据加机理混合驱动的新思路。

摘要：由于当前已有系统未能建立精准化采购模型,导致系统管理成本和管理复杂度增加,管理效率下降,提出一种基于信息共享平台的精准化采购物资管理系统。结合ERP理念,结合采购物资和先进信息,设计系统总体框架,同时分别介绍不同模块的功能。在信息共享平台下,依据模糊理论分析采购管理过程中的不确定性,建立决策需求和订货费均为模糊参数的精细化采购决策模型。通过符号距离以及重心法进行模糊值优化,确定最佳订货期以及采购量。仿真实验结果表明,所设计系统能显著降低管理开销与复杂性,同时大幅提升管理效能。

摘要：The energy conversion efficiency of a multistage synchronous induction coilgun(MSSICG) has become one of the key factors that restricts its industrialization. To improve the launch efficiency of medium-and high-velocity MSSICG,we propose an optimization design scheme combining orthogonal experimental design(OED) and self-consistent design method in this paper. The OED is introduced to reduce the number of iterations and improve the identification accuracy and efficiency. A self-consistent design model is established to overcome a defect that the parameters that need to be optimized will multiply as the number of coil stages increases. The influence of six factors(radial thickness of armature, axial length of armature, axial length of coil, capacitance, wire diameter, and slip speed) on the launch efficiency are then evaluated by range analysis. This work presents a valuable reference for optimizing medium-and high-velocity MSSICG.

摘要：Non-volatile random-access memory（NVRAM） technology is maturing rapidly and its byte-persistence feature allows the design of new and efficient fault tolerance mechanisms. In this paper we propose the versionized process（Ver P）, a new process model based on NVRAM that is natively non-volatile and fault tolerant. We introduce an intermediate software layer that allows us to run a process directly on NVRAM and to put all the process states into NVRAM, and then propose a mechanism to versionize all the process data. Each piece of the process data is given a special version number, which increases with the modification of that piece of data. The version number can effectively help us trace the modification of any data and recover it to a consistent state after a system *** with traditional checkpoint methods, our work can achieve fine-grained fault tolerance at very little cost.

摘要：半导体电子结构的有效调控一直是人们长期关注的科学问题,也是主流半导体材料物性与器件设计的核心科学问题之一.传统栅极技术只能在小范围内改变半导体材料的带隙,作者从理论上通过人工设计半导体极性界面,产生约10 MV/cm的內建电场,从而实现对Ge、InN等主流半导体带隙在0-2 eV范围内的有效调控,并显著增强Rashba自旋轨道耦合强度,作者进一步利用构建的多带k.p模型证明增强的Rashba自旋轨道耦合可以将常规半导体驱动至拓扑相.文章重点介绍极性半导体InN的极性界面能隙调控;以及Ⅳ族非极性半导体Ge的极性界面能带调控.半导体极性界面的制备与主流半导体工艺兼容,展现了极性界面在主流半导体量子结构的物性调控与光电器件中潜在的应用前景.