摘要：Geological adaptability matching design of a disc cutter is the prerequisite of cutter head design for tunnel boring machines(TBMs)and plays an important role in improving the tunneling efficiency of *** main purpose of the cutter matching design is to evaluate the cutter performance and select the appropriate cutter *** this paper,a novel evaluation method based on multicriteria decision making(MCDM)techniques was developed to help TBM designers in the process of determining the cutter *** analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and matter element analysis were applied to obtaining the weights of the cutter evaluation criteria,and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)approaches were employed to determine the ranking of the cutters.A case application was offered to illustrate and validate the proposed *** results of the project case demonstrate that this method is reasonable and feasible for disc cutter size selection in cutter head design.

摘要：The layout of the buckets for tunnel boring machine(TBM)directly affects the muck removal efficiency of cutterhead during *** order to improve the muck removal performance for TBM,the optimal design of bucket layout was *** whole muck transfer process was simulated by discrete-element method(DEM),including the muck falling,colliding,pilling up,shoveling and transferring into the *** muck model was established based on size distribution analysis of muck samples from the water-supply tunnel project in Jilin Province,***,the influence of the bucket number and the interval angle between buckets on muck removal performance was *** results indicated that,as the number of buckets increased from four to eight,the removed muck increased by 29%and the residual volume decreased by 40.5%,and the process became *** interval angles between buckets were corresponding to different removed muck irregularly,but the residual muck number increased generally with the *** optimal layout of buckets for the cutterhead in this tunnel project was obtained based on the simulation results,and the muck removal performance of the TBM was verified by the actual data in the engineering construction.

摘要：A shield machine with freezing function is proposed in order to realize tool change operation at atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the transformation project of freezing cutterhead and tool change maintenance method are put forward. Taking the shield construction of Huanxi Power Tunnel as an example, a numerical analysis of the freezing cutter head of the project was carried out. The results show that when the brine temperature is-25 °C, after 30 d of freezing, the thickness of the frozen wall can reach 0.67 m and the average temperature drops to-9.9 °C. When the brine temperature is-30 °C, after 50 d of freezing, the thickness of the frozen wall can reach 1.01 m and the average temperature drops to-12.4 °C. If the thickness of the frozen wall is 0.5 m and the average temperature is-10 °C, as the design index of the frozen wall, the brine temperature should be lower than-28 °C to meet the excavation requirements in 30 d. Analyzing the frozen wall stress under 0.5 m thickness and-10 °C average temperature condition, the tensile safety factor and compressive safety factor are both greater than 2 at the most dangerous position, which can meet the tool change requirements for shield construction.

摘要：In order to improve the strength and stiffness of shield cutterhead, the method of fuzzy mathematics theory in combination with the finite element analysis is adopted. An optimal design model of structural parameters for shield cutterhead is formulated,based on the complex engineering technical requirements. In the model, as the objective function of the model is a composite function of the strength and stiffness, the response surface method is applied to formulate the approximate function of objective function in order to reduce the solution scale of optimal problem. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to solve the cutterhead structure design problem and the change rule of the stress-strain with various structural parameters as well as their optimal values were researched under specific geological conditions. The results show that compared with original cutterhead structure scheme, the obtained optimal scheme of the cutterhead structure can greatly improve the strength and stiffness of the cutterhead, which can be seen from the reduction of its maximum equivalent stress by 21.2%, that of its maximum deformation by 0.75%, and that of its mass by 1.04%.

摘要：采用数值模拟技术并借助于大型有限元软件,选择在Ottosen四参数破坏准则基础上引入损伤因子的非线性弹塑性本构模型作为软岩的材料模型,建立盾构刀具切削软岩的二维简化模型,模拟破岩过程中裂纹的生成和扩展;建立三维有限元模型,分析切削力在整个切削过程中的变化,并通过试验验证仿真过程的可行性和有效性。研究结果表明:岩石的破碎过程和切屑的形成过程是由拉伸裂纹和剪切裂纹延伸而成;刀具的切削力与切削时间之间遵循波动变化关系,能够较真实地反映盾构刀具破岩过程中岩石的破碎动态响应过程;采用该方法研究刀具几何参数和切削参数对切削力的影响程度和趋势,为盾构刀具的最优化设计提供了参考依据。

摘要：为了分析盘形滚刀在轧制过程中的变形特点,以17英寸TBM盘形滚刀刀圈为研究对象,依据环件轧制工艺理论,对轧制模具主辊、芯辊和锥辊的运动参数进行了设计;基于DEFORM-3D建立了滚刀刀圈轧制成形的有限元分析模型,模拟分析了刀圈在轧制成形过程中温度场、等效应变场、几何形状和轧制力的变化规律;基于设计的工艺参数和模拟结果,开展了刀圈轧制成形试验研究,验证了研究刀圈轧制成形工艺采用数值模拟方法的可靠性。结果表明：刀圈轧制结束时,其整体温度分布由刀圈芯部到外表面梯度递增,最高温度为1200℃,最低温度为1040℃,等效应变最大值为14.4,最小值为0.178。刀圈稳定轧制阶段,径向轧制力在5×10~5N左右波动,轴向轧制力在1.5×10~5N左右波动。

摘要：为研究切削顺序对全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)刀具破岩机理的影响,基于二维离散单元法,利用离散元仿真软件建立无围压条件下2把TBM刀具同时、顺次切削节理不发育岩石的仿真模型。在此基础上设计1组数值试验,模拟TBM刀具在不同刀间距下分别以这2种方式切割岩石时,岩石裂纹生成、扩展和岩石破碎块形成的全过程。最后,利用滚刀回转实验台对顺次加载方式下岩石的破碎模式进行验证。研究结果表明:切削顺序决定了岩石的破碎模式,但并不影响最优刀间距;当刀间距大于80mm时,顺次加载方式的破岩效率不再高于同时加载方式下的破岩效率;在2种加载方式下,岩石应力场的分布基本对称;破碎块的形成与侧向裂纹的交汇密切相关。

摘要：在6km水下采集富钴结壳,其能耗是一个突出的问题.以采集头的行走速度、滚筒切割速度、切削深度及截齿的截线距为设计变量,以采集头最小切削能耗为目标,建立了采集头工作参数优化设计模型.设计模糊控制器嵌入到遗传算法中控制交叉率、变异率的自动调整,利用模糊遗传算法对模型进行优化,得到最优切削深度、截齿的截线距、采矿车行走速度、采集头切割速度及最小功率分别为3.0993cm、5.5979cm、0.2889m/s、0.3535m/s和149.6229kW.水池试验证明优化结果令人满意.图6,表2,参8.

摘要：针对高速动车组制动盘在制动过程中因温度急剧上升,使制动盘受热膨胀产生热应力,最终出现热裂纹而导致制动盘失效的问题,根据热传导理论、弹性力学变分原理及热应力理论,分析制动盘在各界面上产生的热传导、对流和辐射换热以及受热膨胀产生的热应力。依据实际几何尺寸,建立制动盘的循环对称三维瞬态计算模型,考虑弹性模量、比热容、导热系数和线胀系数等材料参数随温度变化的影响,利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟制动盘的制动过程,分析计算制动盘温度与应力的分布,并通过试验得到验证。仿真结果表明:高速动车组在时速为200 km/h下紧急制动,制动后40 s制动盘最高温度达到416℃,制动后60 s最大应力达到651 MPa,所设计的制动盘满足强度许用应力要求。

摘要：针对盾构切刀容易出现焊接裂纹以及残余应力过大导致刀具切削时合金容易剥落的难题,建立了切刀钎焊热力耦合过程有限元分析模型,通过模拟计算和X射线衍射仪对残余应力进行试验验证,研究不同焊接结构切刀的钎焊温度场和残余应力场.研究结果表明,切刀刀头钎焊后冷却过程中温度场呈现梯度分布.当钎料厚度为0.25 mm时,刀头应力危险区残余应力最小,160 mm刃宽切刀的合金块数设计为3块可降低焊接残余应力、提高焊接强度.残余应力试验结果与数值模拟结果趋势基本吻合,钢基体表面为压应力.