摘要：Fatigue failures cost approximately 4% of the United States' gross domestic product(GDP). The design of highly fatigue-resistant materials is always in demand. Different from conventional strategies of alloy design, high-entropy alloys(HEAs) are defined as materials with five or more principal elements, which could be solid solutions. This locally-disordered structure is expected to lead to unique fatigue-resistant properties. In this review, the studies of the fatigue behavior of HEAs during the last five years are summarized. The four-point-bending high-cycle fatigue coupled with statistical modelling, and the fatigue-crack-growth behavior of HEAs, are reviewed. The effects of sample defects and nanotwins-deformation mechanisms on four-point-bending high-cycle fatigue of HEAs are discussed in detail. The influence of stress ratio and temperature on fatigue-crack-growth characteristics of HEAs is also discussed. HEAs could exhibit comparable or greater fatigue properties, relative to conventional materials. Finally,the possible future work regarding the fatigue behavior of HEAs is suggested.

摘要：位于升降基础内的导向装置是桩腿升降过程中所依赖的重要组件,平台的频繁升降也极易使导向装置造成损伤和脱落。通过选取三型具有典型代表意义的自升式平台,对其导向装置布置、限位方式、耐磨板与齿尖间隙以及固定方式等方面进行理论论证和案例分析,对所选取的三型平台导向装置设计特点和优劣进行对比并得出结论。

摘要：针对钻采船的移船小车布置、承载力、牵引力、支撑设计,以及船体结构应力等设计方案合理性问题,根据小车顶升能力进行重量分区及布置,对各区域的小车承载力和总牵引力进行评估,同时在托举支撑设计中尽可能增加船体受力面积并均匀受力,采用有限元方法对船体外板、肋板和纵桁等结构进行直接计算,计算结果表明,各区域移船小车的承载力在许用载荷以下,顶升处的船体结构应力均在许用衡准以下,且小车总牵引力满足移船需求,移船小车布置方案设计合理。

摘要：由于油田开发采出液含水率上升和海上平台空间的限制,亟需紧凑型污水处理设备用于对海上油田含油污水处理。对此设计了卧式紧凑型旋流气浮装置,通过Fluent数值模拟方法对该装置旋流筒区域的流场分布及油水分离性能开展了系统研究,探究了旋流筒结构、入口管径、含油污水入口速度和入口含油率等因素对油水分离效果的影响。结果表明,在入口管径为20 mm,含油污水入口速度为2 m/s时,采用导流叶片的旋流筒结构能获得较好的流场分布;含油污水入口速度越大切向速度衰减越严重;旋流筒在高度为100~300 mm时切向速度衰减较大,在高度为300~650 mm内衰减较小;相同含油污水入口速度下,增大入口管径能使旋流筒内油相体积分数增大;增大含油污水入口速度反而会导致旋流筒内油相体积分数减小;旋流筒内油相体积分数呈“U”型分布,且随入口含油率增大而增大,与入口含油率成正比。

摘要：以某在建钻井船为研究对象,介绍由DP-3中压闭环电网与蓄能蓄电池系统集成的混合动力系统的顶层架构设计。为满足挪威船级社和中国船级社相关规范的要求,通过设计合理的DP-3闭环电网选择性保护方案,解决DP-3闭环混合动力系统冗余设计和单点故障发生之后不超过系统最大失效模式的问题。利用蓄电池快充快放特性设计DP-3闭环电网与蓄能蓄电池系统集成方案,提升电网快速响应负载变化的能力,减少机组频繁启停,达到节能减排的目的。该集成方案可供类似船舶的设计和建造参考。

摘要：Electrocardiogram(ECG)monitoring is used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases,for which wearable electronics have attracted much attention due to their lightweight,comfort,and long-term *** study developed a wearablemultilead ECG sensing system with on-skin stretchable and conductive silver(Ag)-coated fiber/silicone(AgCF-S)dry *** and normal adhesion to pigskin(0.43 and 0.20 N/cm2,respectively)was optimized by the active control of fiber density and mixing ratio,resulting in close contact in the electrode–skin *** breathableAgCF-S dry electrodewas nonallergenic after continuous fit for 24 h and can be reused/cleaned(>100 times)without loss of *** AgCF encapsulated inside silicone elastomers was overlapped to construct a dynamic network under repeated stretching(10%strain)and bending(90°)deformations,enabling small intrinsic impedance(0.3,0.1 Hz)and contact impedance variation(0.7 k)in high-frequency vibration(70 Hz).All hard/soft modules of the multilead ECG system were integrated into lightweight clothing and equipped with wireless transmission for signal *** synchronous acquisition of I–III,aVR,aVL,aVF,and V4 lead data,the multilead ECG sensing system was suitable for various scenarios,such as exercise,rest,and sleep,with extremely high signal-to-noise ratios.

摘要：Phase change materials (PCMs) can be incorporated with low-cost minerals to synthesize composites for thermal energy storage in building *** coal (SC) after vanadium extraction treatment shows potential for secondary utilization in composite *** prepared SC-based composite PCMs with SC as a matrix,stearic acid (SA) as a PCM,and expanded graphite (EG) as an *** combined roasting and acid leaching treatment of raw SC was conducted to understand the effect of vanadium extraction on promoting loading *** showed that the combined treatment of roasting at 900℃ and leaching increased the SC loading of the composite by 6.2%by improving the specific surface *** loading capacity and thermal conductivity of the composite obviously increased by 127%and 48.19%,respectively,due to the contribution of 3wt% *** data were supported by the high load of 66.69%and thermal conductivity of 0.59 W·m^(-1)·K-1of the designed *** obtained composite exhibited a phase change temperature of 52.17℃,melting latent heat of 121.5 J·g^(-1),and good chemical *** SC-based composite has prospects in building applications exploiting the secondary utilization of minerals.

摘要：High-strength steels are mainly composed of medium-or low-temperature microstructures,such as bainite or martensite,with coherent transformation *** type of microstructure has a high density of dislocations and fine crystallographic structural units,which ease the coordinated matching of high strength,toughness,and ***,given its excellent welding perform-ance,high-strength steel has been widely used in major engineering constructions,such as pipelines,ships,and ***,visual-ization and digitization of the effective units of these coherent transformation structures using traditional methods(optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy)is difficult due to their complex ***,the establishment of quantitative relationships with macroscopic mechanical properties and key process parameters presents additional *** article reviews the latest progress in microstructural visualization and digitization of high-strength steel,with a focus on the application of crystallographic methods in the development of high-strength steel plates and *** obtained the crystallographic data(Euler angle)of the transformed microstruc-tures through electron back-scattering diffraction and combined them with the calculation of inverse transformation from bainite or martensite to austenite to determine the reconstruction of high-temperature parent austenite and orientation relationship(OR)during con-tinuous cooling ***,visualization of crystallographic packets,blocks,and variants based on actual OR and digit-ization of various grain boundaries can be effectively completed to establish quantitative relationships with alloy composition and key process parameters,thereby providing reverse design guidance for the development of high-strength steel.

摘要：Solid solution-strengthened copper alloys have the advantages of a simple composition and manufacturing process,high mechanical and electrical comprehensive performances,and low cost;thus,they are widely used in high-speed rail contact wires,electronic component connectors,and other *** the contradiction between low alloying and high performance is an important challenge in the development of solid solution-strengthened copper *** the typical solid solution-strengthened alloy Cu-4Zn-1Sn as the research object,we proposed using the element In to replace Zn and Sn to achieve low alloying in this *** new alloys,Cu-1.5Zn-1Sn-0.4In and Cu-1.5Zn-0.9Sn-0.6In,were designed and *** total weight percentage content of alloying elements decreased by 43%and 41%,respectively,while the product of ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and electrical conductivity(EC)of the annealed state increased by 14%and 15%.After cold rolling with a 90%reduction,the UTS of the two new alloys reached 576 and 627MPa,respectively,the EC was 44.9%IACS and 42.0%IACS,and the product of UTS and EC(UTS×EC)was 97%and 99%higher than that of the annealed state *** dislocations proliferated greatly in cold-rolled alloys,and the strengthening effects of dislocations reached 332 and 356 MPa,respectively,which is the main reason for the considerable improvement in mechanical properties.

摘要：Co-Ni-based superalloys are known for their capability to function at elevated temperatures and superior hot corrosion and thermal fatigue ***,these alloys show potential as crucial high-temperature structural materials for aeroengine and gas turbine hot-end *** previous work elucidated the influence of Ti and Ta on the high-temperature mechanical properties of ***,the intricate interaction among elements considerably affects the oxidation resistance of *** this paper,Co-35Ni-10Al-2W-5Cr-2Mo-1Nb-xTi-(5−x)Ta alloys(x=1,2,3,4)with varying Ti and Ta contents were designed and compounded,and their oxidation resistance was investigated at the temperature range from 800 to 1000℃.After oxidation at three test conditions,namely,800℃for 200 h,900℃for 200 h,and 1000℃for 50 h,the main structure of the oxide layer of the alloy consisted of spinel,Cr_(2)O_(3),and Al_(2)O_(3)from outside to *** consisting of Ta,W,and Mo formed below the Cr_(2)O_(3)*** interaction of Ti and Ta imparted the highest oxidation resistance to 3Ti2Ta ***,an excessive amount of Ti or Ta resulted in an adverse effect on the oxidation resistance of the *** study reports the volatilization of W and Mo oxides during the oxidation process of Co-Ni-based cast superalloys with a high Al content for the first time and explains the formation mechanism of holes in the oxide *** results provide a basis for gaining insights into the effects of the interaction of alloying elements on the oxidation resistance of the alloys they form.