摘要：Owing to rapid advances in the next-generation sequencing technology, the cost of DNA sequencing has been reduced by over several orders of magnitude. However, genomic sequencing of individuals at the population scale is still restricted to a few model species due to the huge challenge of constructing libraries for thousands of samples. Meanwhile, pooled sequencing provides a cost-effective alternative to sequencing individuals separately, which could vastly reduce the time and cost for DNA library preparation. Technological improvements, together with the broad range of biological research questions that require large sample sizes, mean that pooled sequencing will continue to complement the sequencing of individual genomes and become increasingly important in the foreseeable future. However, simply mixing samples together for sequencing makes it impossible to identify reads that belongs to each sample. Barcoding technology could help to solve this problem, nonetheless, currently, barcoding every sample is costly especially for large-scale samples. An alternative to barcoding is combinatorial pooled sequencing which employs pooling pattern rather than short DNA barcodes to encode each sample. In combinatorial pooled sequencing, samples are mixed into few pools according to a carefully designed pooling strategy which allows the sequencing data to be decoded to identify the reads that belongs to the sample that are unique or rare in the population. In this review, we mainly survey the experiment design and decoding procedure for the combinatorial pooled sequencing applied in rare variant and rare haplotype carriers screening, complex genome assembling and single individual haplotyping.

摘要：Objective It has been reported that B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2） enhances neurogenesis as well as supporting axonal growth after injury. In the present study, we investigated whether Bcl-2 overexpression plays a role in the formation of newborn striatonigral projection neurons in the adult rat brain after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）. Methods We infused human Bcl-2-expressing plasmid （pBcl-2） into the lateral ventricle immediately after 30 min of MCAO, injected 5＇-bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） intraperitoneally to label proliferative cells, and microinjected fluorogold （FG） into the substantia nigra at 11 weeks of reperfusion followed by multiple immunostaining of striatonigral projection neurons at 12 weeks. Results We found that pBcl-2 treatment significantly increased the number of newborn neurons （BrdU＋-NeuN＋） in the striatum ipsilateral to the MCAO. We further detected newborn striatonigral projection neurons （BrdU＋-FG＋-NeuN＋） in the ipsilateral striatum at 12 weeks. More interestingly, the number of newborn striatonigral projection neurons （BrdU＋-FG＋） was significantly increased by pBcl-2 treatment compared to that by pEGFP, a control plasmid. Conclusion Taken together, we found that Bcl-2 overexpression in the brain enhanced the generation of newborn striatonigral projection neurons. This provides a potential strategy for promoting the reestablishment of neural networks and brain repair after ischemic injury.

摘要：将发电控制、电压控制和潮流优化结合在一起,综合考虑电网的功率约束、电压质量和经济性指标,建立了海上油田群电网的潮流优化控制模型,并给出了其求解方法。通过将海上油田群电网潮流优化控制问题转化为一个多目标非线性优化问题,从而设计并实现了一套基于内点法和分支定界法的优化求解算法,并通过调整目标权重来适应海上油田群电网各种运行控制模式的需求。采用涠西南油田群电网实际数据进行测试,表明适当设定权重参数可在保证电压质量、功率平衡的基础上,优化机组的出力,获得经济运行的效果。

摘要：企业在环境、社会与治理(environmental,social,and governance,ESG)方面的积极参与是推动社会实现可持续与高质量发展的重要力量,而ESG信息披露质量是监管企业ESG活动表现的关键议题。随着数智技术的高速发展,企业ESG漂洗方式更加复杂多样且难以识别,利益相关者监督角色的有效性也得以提升。立足数智技术快速发展情境,基于利益相关者理论视角,构建数智技术驱动企业ESG漂洗的“压力—认知—行动”决策生成机制模型,并进一步设计数智赋能ESG漂洗治理机制。研究发现:第一,数智技术飞速发展的双刃剑效应为企业提供了ESG漂洗的“灰色空间”,当企业试图错误利用数智技术满足利益相关者冲突性诉求而进行肤浅或误导性的信息披露时,数智技术无意间成为企业ESG漂洗的“帮凶”;第二,数智技术不同程度地赋能多利益相关者主体对企业ESG信息的获取与分析,推动利益相关者对ESG漂洗行为的监督和治理;第三,构建“数智+ESG”交叉知识教育体系并加强培养“数智+ESG”专业知识人才是数智技术赋能利益相关者群体监督职能在数智时代得以有效发挥的重要保障。

摘要：针对声学多普勒剖面流速仪(acoustic Doppler current profilers,简称ADCP)波浪三要素(波向、波高和波周期)计量校准技术难题,提出了造波水槽和水下实验平台的计量检测方法。首先,设计波向、波高和波周期计量标准器;然后,以美国TRDI公司V20型和挪威Nortek仪器为例,开展ADCP波浪参数水动力环境计量校准实验研究。实验结果表明,波高、波周期和波向数据最大示值误差分别为-0.09 m,0.6 s和4°,满足国家相关技术标准要求。波高扩展不确定度为0.04 m,依据计量学理论,认为本校准方法可行。本研究成果对ADCP波浪参数计量校准工作具有一定指导意义。

摘要：为了全面地了解珠海港LNG航道附近海域的潮流分布特征,在查阅有关该海域及其附近海域水文特征的基础上,结合模拟区附近的测流站、验潮站资料以及有关前期工作资料,采用数值模拟方法对工程海区及其附近海域的潮流场状况进行了数值模拟计算,再现了模拟区的潮流运动过程和特征。在海域潮流场进行模拟计算的基础上,对挖泥施工过程产生的悬浮物的扩散浓度场进行预测,以此来分析建设施工期间对附近海域水质的影响。

摘要：针对电力流向及规模优化的电力系统规划问题,设计并实现了一套软件解决方案。该方案可以实现界面和算法的解耦,并将通用代数建模系统的模型概念引入优化模型的构建中,实现了优化模型与数据间的解耦。这种设计思路使得系统具有较高的扩展性,适用于电力流向及规模优化等仍处于不断发展和完善中的规划问题。

摘要：电子信息产业是全球产业中重要的组成部分,通讯产业是电子信息产业的基础,而天线技术更是通讯产业的基础.石墨烯被预言是下一代逻辑器件的主要材料,同时由于其优异的透光性和柔韧性,有望实现普通硅基材料所不能实现的透明、弯折功能,从而成为智能可穿戴材料的重要组成部分.为满足5G技术的超高频波段响应、不同地区手机电磁波谱吸收频段不同、物联网追踪以及透明防伪等技术需求,本课题组成功制备出世界首款柔性透明石墨烯射频天线,实现了柔性和透明的结合,展现出优异的性能和稳定性.利用石墨烯带隙可调特性和宽光谱吸收的特点,实现不同频段电磁波谱吸收,以满足天线对多频谱的适用性.通过改变石墨烯的层数、构型以及导电性实现天线多个频谱的调节,避免通过不同物理开关调控频段所造成的复杂性,从而将不同天线整合在一个石墨烯天线系统内,大大降低天线占用器件内部的体积并减少功耗.同时,本课题组开发了可打印石墨烯墨水,设计并制备可调谐缝隙天线,通过外加电压的方式,可以达到带宽和谐振频率的调节.本文基于本课题组的研究,对石墨烯材料在柔性透明天线和可调谐天线领域的进展进行了总结.

摘要：In the present study, 28 Chinese medicinal herbs belonging to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes were selected to explore the application of network pharmacology in developing new Chinese herbal medicine formulae for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). These herbs have the highest appearance rate in the literature, and their compounds are listed. The human protein–protein interaction network and the T2DM disease protein interaction network were constructed. Then, the related algorithm for network topology was used to perform interventions on the interaction network of disease proteins and normal human proteins to test different Chinese herbal medicine compound combinations, according to the information on the interaction of compounds–targets in two databases, namely TarN et and the Medicinal Plants Database. Results of the intervention scores indicate that the method proposed in this study can provide new effective combinations of Chinese herbal medicines for T2DM. Network pharmacology can effectively promote the modernization and development of TCM.

摘要：在确定的电价结构下,冰蓄冷空调系统只有在合理的配置和运行方式下才能充分发挥其节省运行费用,提高空调系统经济性的优点。而蓄冷率对蓄冰空调系统的配置以及运行方式有着关键性的影响。在国内推广冰蓄冷空调系统初期,诸多学者和技术人员通过建立数学模型来分析探讨蓄冷率对冰蓄冷空调系统经济性的影响,并给出了具有指导意义的结论。然而随着时间推移,早期的模型和相关的设定条件已经不完全适用于现行情况,为更合理更准确的分析蓄冷率对冰蓄冷空调系统的经济性影响,本文建立了基于目标时间的净现值的冰蓄冷空调系统经济性分析模型,并结合实例分析了蓄冷率对冰蓄冷空调系统的初投资和运行费用的影响。同时分析计算了不同年限条件下经济最优的蓄冷率,对采用能源合同管理机制进行冰蓄冷运作的项目提供参考。