摘要：While it is known that mechanical dynamics are influential in neural differentiation for critical processes like neurogenesis or neurodegeneration, studies on neural stem cell therapies usually focus on biochemical interactions rather than mechanical aspects, frequently resulting in low efficacy and unfulfilled potential. Therefore, current studies are attempting to elucidate the effect of mechanical stimulus on neural performance using conventional two-dimensional(2D) planar substrates. Yet, these2D substrates fail to capture the defining three-dimensional(3D) characteristics of the in vivo neural stem cell *** complete this research gap, we synthesized a series of soft and elastic 3D hydrogels to mimic the neural tissue mechanical environment for 3D cell culture, using long-chain polyethylene glycol diacrylate(PEGDA) and gelatin-methacryloyl(Gel MA).By varying the concentration of the polymer, we obtained biomimicking hydrogels with a tensile modulus as low as 10 k Pa and a compressive modulus as low as 0.8 k Pa. The in vitro results demonstrated that Gel MA-PEGDA hydrogels have the high biocompatibility required to support neural cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, as well as neurite outgrowth. We then studied the effect of mechanical stretching on the behaviors of neural cells and observed that mechanical stretching could significantly enhance neurite extension and axon elongation. In addition, the neurites were more directionally oriented to the stretching direction. Immunocytochemistry and relative gene expression data also suggested that mechanical tension could upregulate the expression of neural differentiation protein and genes, including GFAP and βIII-Tubulin. Overall, this study shows that in addition to the specific mechanical properties of Gel MA-PEGDA that improve neural differentiation towards specific lineages, hydrogel stretching is also a potentially attractive strategy to improve the therapeutic outcomes of neural stem cel

摘要：Tissue curvature has long been recognized as an important anatomical parameter that affects intracellular behaviors,and there is emerging interest in applying cell-scale curvature as a designer property to drive cell fates for tissue engineering *** neural cells are known to undergo dramatic and terminal morphological changes during development and curvature-limiting behaviors have been demonstrated in neurite outgrowth studies,there are still crucial gaps in understanding neural cell behaviors,particularly in the context of a three-dimensional(3D)curvature landscape similar to an actual tissue engineering *** this study,we fabricated two substrates of microcurvature(curvature-substrates)that present a smooth and repeating landscape with focuses of either a concave or a convex *** these curvature-substrates,we studied the properties of morphological differentiation in N2a neuroblastoma *** contrast to other studies where two-dimensional(2D)curvature was demonstrated to limit neurite outgrowth,we found that both the concave and convex substrates acted as continuous and uniform mechanical protrusions that significantly enhanced neural polarity and differentiation with few morphological changes in the main cell *** enhanced differentiation was manifested in various properties,including increased neurite length,increased nuclear displacement,and upregulation of various neural *** demonstrating how the micron-scale curvature landscape induces neuronal polarity,we provide further insights into the design of biomaterials utilizing the influence of surface curvature in neural tissue engineering.

摘要：A novel integrated guidance and control (IGC) design method is proposed to solve problems of low control accuracy for a suicide unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) in the terminal attack stage. First of all, the IGC system model of the UCAV is built based on the three-channel independent design idea, which reduces the difficulties of designing the controller. Then, IGC control laws are designed using the trajectory linearization control (TLC). A nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is introduced to the IGC controller to reject various uncertainties, such as the aerodynamic parameter perturbation and the measurement error interference. The stability of the closed-loop system is proven by using the Lyapunov theorem. The performance of the proposed IGC design method is verified in a terminal attack mission of the suicide UCAV. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness in the aspects of guidance accuracy and system robustness.

摘要：This paper introduces the design and construction of global navigation satellite systems(GNSS)vulnerability simulation,verification,and mitigation *** platform contains five modules:simulation of the signal-in-space environment,simulation of the vulnerabilities in the space segment,signal quality monitoring and data processing,vulnerability assessment and validation,and integrated *** provides a set of integrated simulations of different types of interference in the GNSS signal propagation domain,including electromagnetic interference,atmospheric disturbances,multipath,and interference in the inter-satellite *** paper focuses on the design of the main system modules and testing through an experimental *** results demonstrate both the effectiveness and realism of the modules and overall platform.

摘要：The study aimed to develop efficient techniques with different novel graft structures to enhance the treatment of acetabular bone *** inhomogeneous material properties Finite Element Analysis(FEA)model was reconstructed according to computed tomography images based on a healthy patient without any peri-acetabular bony defect according to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons(AAOS).The FEA model of acetabular bone deficiency was performed to simulate and evaluate the mechanical performances of the grafts in different geometric structures,with the use of fixation implants(screws),along with the stress distribution and the relative micromotion of graft *** stress distribution mainly concentrated on the region of contact of the screws and superolateral *** the different structures,the mortise-tenone structure provided better relative micromotion,with suitable biomechanical property even without the use of *** novel grafting structures could provide sufficient biomechanical stability and bone remodeling,and the mortise-tenone structure is the optimal treatment option for acetabulum reconstruction.

摘要：Aiming at reducing the difficulty of cooling the interior of high-density motors,this study proposed the placement of a water cold plate cooling structure between the axial laminations of the motor *** effect of the cooling water flow,thickness of the plate,and motor loss density on the cooling effect of the water cold plate were *** compare the cooling performance of water cold plate and outer spiral water jacket cooling structures,a high-speed permanent magnet motor with a high loss density was used to establish two motor models with the two cooling ***,the cooling effects of the two models were analyzed using the finite element method under the same loss density,coolant flow,and main *** results were as follows.(1)The maximum and average temperatures of the water cold plate structure were reduced by 25.5%and 30.5%,respectively,compared to that of the outer spiral water jacket motor;(2)Compared with the outer spiral water jacket structure,the water cold plate structure can reduce the overall mass and volume of the *** a 100 kW high-speed permanent magnet motor as an example,a water cold plate cooling system was designed,and the temperature distribution is analyzed,with the result indicating that the cooling structure satisfied the cooling requirements of the high loss density motor.

摘要：近年来,人工智能在艺术创作中的应用成为学术界关注的热点,尤其是在数字绘画领域,研究者们探讨了科技与艺术交汇的人本主义共创模式。人工智能不仅能模仿艺术风格,还通过算法生成新的艺术形式,扩展了创作的边界。文章通过深入分析AI在数字绘画中的作用,提出了人机协作的共创模式,即通过AI的技术支持与人类艺术家的情感和创造力相结合,探索更加丰富的艺术表达方式。这种模式在提升艺术创作效率的同时,保持了艺术作品的独特性与人文价值。人工智能虽然拓宽了艺术创作的形式,但它仍然依赖于人类的情感和审美判断。通过人与AI的共创模式,未来数字绘画将在更广阔的领域中实现艺术与科技的深度融合,推动艺术形式和创作模式的创新。

摘要：随着柴油机功率密度的提升,主轴承组合结构将面临主轴承变形加剧、关键部件强度下降等可靠性问题。以主轴承组合结构作为优化设计对象,将强度、刚度、接触强度和轻量化表现作为优化目标,构建多结构特性协同优化设计数学模型。针对传统快速和精英保留多目标遗传算法(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)在求解小种群规模、有限进化代数的复杂工程问题时计算效率低的问题,基于Pareto优化理论,引入自适应策略及固定候选集随机测试算法,提出改进的大象放牧优化(Elephant Herding Optimization,EHO)算法用于求解多结构特性协同优化设计数学模型,并对算法性能及协同优化设计方案进行试验验证。研究结果表明:在小种群规模和有限进化代数下,改进EHO算法的求解能力更强,计算效率更高;在质量波动仅为0.6%的情况下,机体和主轴承座的应力分别降低18.67%和11.06%;各考察截面失圆度平均值降低14.39%;机体与主轴承座接触面最大接触压力降低18.92%。

摘要：Persulfate decontamination technologies utilizing radical‐driven processes are powerful tools for the treatment of a broad range of ***,the design of high‐performance catalytic activators with multi‐functionality remains a great ***,in this study,three‐dimensional multifunctional FexOy/N‐GN/CNTs(N‐GN:nitrogen‐doped graphene,CNTs:carbon nanotubes)heterojunctions,which can be employed as microwave absorbers and catalysts,were synthesized via a solvothermal method and applied to activate peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of methylene blue(MB).X‐ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and X‐ray photoelectron microscopy(XPS)analyses revealed that the FexOy were anchored in‐situ onto the N‐GN *** MB as the model organic dye,various factors,such as degradation systems,PMS loading,initial organic pollutant concentration,and catalyst dosage were *** results revealed that the remarkable efficiency was attributable to the synergistic effects of carbon,nitrogen,and iron‐based *** oxidation system corresponded to the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic with a k value of^0.33 min^-*** was demonstrated that both SO4^-and OH^-were the predominant reactive species through quenching *** these heterojunctions were employed as microwave absorbers and have a semiconductor‐like texture,the Fe/N co‐rich hierarchical porous carbon skeleton favored electron transport and *** heterojunctions increase the options for transitional metal catalysts and highlights the importance of designing other heterojunctions for specific applications,such as supercapacitors,energy storage,CO2 capture,and oxygen reduction electrocatalysts.

摘要：Focal adhesion kinase(FAK)is an intracellular tyrosine kinase that plays a critical role in the occurrence,development,and metastasis of cancer through both its kinase-dependent catalytic functions and kinase-independent scaffolding *** kinase inhibitors target only its catalytic activity,leaving the scaffolding functions ***,proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs)offers a promising approach by degrading the entire FAK protein,thereby inhibiting both functions *** this study,we designed and synthesized novel PROTAC degraders,utilizing a defactinib derivative(compound 12)as the FAK ligand and a lenalidomide analog as the E3 ligase *** structures of these compounds were confirmed through^(1)H NMR,^(13)C NMR,and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Among the synthesized compounds,the optimized compound 16b exhibited potent degradation activity against FAK protein in A549 cells,with a DC_(50)of 6.16±1.13 n M,significantly inhibiting the proliferation and colony formation of these *** to defactinib,16b showed enhanced inhibition of A549 cell migration and ***,our research demonstrated that the rapid and effective FAK degradation induced by 16b was mediated by a CRBN-dependent proteasome mechanism.