摘要：Poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA)bone cement is used in augmenting and stabilizing fractured vertebral bodies through percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)and percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP).However,applications of PMMA bone cement are limited by the high elasticity modulus of PMMA,its low biodegradability,and its limited ability to regenerate *** improve PMMA bio activity and biodegradability and to modify its elasticity modulus,we mixed PMMA bone cement with oxidized hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan in situ cross-linking hydrogel loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)to achieve novel hybrid *** fabric ated PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements exhibited lower setting temperatures,a lower elasticity modulus,and better biodegradability and biocompatibility than that of pure PMMA cement,while retaining acceptable setting times,mechanical strength,and inj *** addition,we detected release of BMP-2 from the PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements,significantly enhancing in vitro osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by up-regulating the gene expression of Runx2,Coll,and *** of PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements loaded with BMP-2 on rabbit femoral condyle bone-defect models revealed their biodegradability and enhanced bone *** study demonstrated the favorable mechanical properties,biocompatibility,and biodegradability of fabricated PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements loaded with BMP-2,as well as their ability to improve osteogenesis,making them a promising material for use in PKP and PVP.

摘要：This paper deals with eigenvalue problems for linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with weakly singular kernels. A new discrete method is proposed for the approximation of *** of the integral operator in L^1[0, 1] space is obtained. This method is based on the approximation of the integral operator by modified interpolatory projection. Different from traditional methods, norm convergence of operator approximation is proved theoretically. Further, convergence of eigenvalue approximation is obtained by analytical tools. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical results and the efficiency of the method.

摘要：Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has significant advantages in treating primary ***,the hypoxic tumor microenvironment hinders the generation of sufficient reactive oxygen species during PDT to effectively kill tumor cells,further greatly limiting the applications of PDT in cancer ***,we reported a temperature/pH dual controlled drug delivery system LPC@PCN@PDA/Fe^(3+)-AS1411 based on a porous coordination network(PCN(Mn))coated with polydopamine(PDA)and modified with an aptamer AS1411.β-lapachone(LPC)was loaded inside the PCN(Mn)framework,and Fe^(3+)was attached to the surface of the PDA *** nanoparticles(NPs)exhibited excellent multimodal cancer therapeutic effects and tumor targeting ability with their photo-and chemodynamic *** therapeutic effect can be enhanced by the production of sufficient oxygen by the internal hydrogen peroxide,which improves the photodynamic effect of the photosensitizer PCN(Mn)and the chemotherapy effect ofβ-***,the conversion of Fe^(2+)to Fe^(3+)in the tumor cells exerts the Fenton effect,which generates hydroxyl radicals that cause lipid peroxidation in tumor cells and induce apoptosis,thus enhancing the chemodynamic therapeutic *** vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the NPs demonstrated specific tumor targeting,excellent inhibition effect on tumor growth,and ***,our findings can help develop an intelligent multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform for cancer therapy.

摘要：Inspired by the intriguing structures and remarkable activities of sesquiterpenoid dimers,12 new sesquiterpenoid dimers,artematrovirenolides A—D(1—4)and artematrolides S—Z(8—12),were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Artemisia atrovirens through a bioactivity-guided *** structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data and absolute configuration was assigned based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data and ECD ***,all compounds are presumably formed via[4+2]cycloaddition involving three connecting *** 1—4 are four novel hetero-dimeric[4+2]Diels-Alder adducts dimerized from a rotundane-type unit and a guaiane-type monomer,and compounds 5—12 are eight new homo-dimeric[4+2]adducts derived from two guaianolide moieties.A putative biosynthetic pathway for compounds 1—4 was also *** 4,6,7,and 10 demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2,SMMC-7721,and Huh7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.3 to 62.3μmol/***,compounds 5 and 11 manifested cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 13.6 and 12.8(HepG2),18.5 and 13.1(SMMC-7721),and 16.5 and 19.4μmol/L(Huh7),respectively,which were equivalent to the positive control,*** investigation suggests that compounds 5 and 11 might be considered as potent antihepatoma candidates and deserve further structural modification and mechanism study.

摘要：A series of genistein-polyamine conjugates(4a–4h) were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multi-functional anti-Alzheimer agents. The results showed that these compounds had significant cholinesterases(Ch Es) inhibitory activity. Compound 4b exhibited the strongest inhibition to acetylcholinesterase(ACh E) with an IC_(50) value of 2.75 μmol/L, which was better than that of rivastigmine(5.60 μmol/L). Lineweaver–Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that compound 4b targeted both the catalytic active site(CAS) and the peripheral anionic site(PAS) of ACh E. Besides, compound 4b showed potent metal-chelating ability. In addition, it was found that 4a–4h did not affect Hep G-2 cell viability at the concentration of 10 μmol/L.

摘要：Site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) has been a very important method to probe the function-structure relationship of proteins. In this study, we introduced an easy-to-use, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based SDM method for double-stranded plasmid DNA, with a designed restriction site to ensure simple and efficient mutant screening. The DNA sequence to be mutated was first translated into amino acid sequence and then the amino acid sequence was reversely translated into DNA sequence with degenerate codons, resulting in a large number of sequences with silent mutations, which contained various restriction endonu-clease (RE) sites. Certain mutated sequence with an appropriate RE site was selected as the target DNA sequence for designing a pair of mutation primers to amplify the full-length plasmid via inverse PCR. The amplified product was 5′-phosphorylated, cir-cularized, and transformed into an Escherichia coli host. The transformants were screened by digesting with the designed RE. This protocol uses only one pair of primers and only one PCR is conducted, without the need for hybridization with hazardous isotope for mutant screening or subcloning step.

摘要：C1 chemistry is the essence of coal chemistry and natural gas chemistry. Catalytic methods to efficiently convert C1 molecules into fuels and chemicals have been extensively studied. Syngas（CO ＋H_2） conversion is the most important industrial reaction system in C1 chemistry, and Fe and Co catalysts, two major industrial catalysts, have been the focus of fundamental research and industrial application. In the last decade, considerable research efforts have been devoted to discoveries concerning catalyst structure and increasing market demands for olefins and oxygenates. Since the development of efficient catalysts would strongly benefit from catalyst design and the establishment of a new reaction system, this review comprehensively overviews syngas conversion in three main reactions, highlights the advances recently made and the challenges that remain open, and will stimulate future research activities. The first part of the review summarizes the breakthroughs in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis regarding the optimization of activity and stability, determination of the active phase, and mechanistic studies. The second part overviews the modulation of catalytic structure and product selectivity for Fischer-Tropsch to olefins（FTO）. Catalysts designed to produce higher alcohols, as well as to tune product selectivity in C1 chemistry, are described in the third section. Finally, present challenges in syngas conversion are proposed, and the solutions and prospects are discussed from the viewpoint of fundamental research and practical application. This review summarizes the latest advances in the design, preparation, and application of Fe/Co-based catalysts toward syngas conversion and presents the challenges and future directions in producing value-added fuels.

摘要：We have designed and synthesized NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋. magnetic nano- phosphors with combined dual-mode downconversion （DC） and upconversion （UC） photoluminescence upon 800 run excitation. Hexagonal-phase NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋ nanocrystals （NCs） with an average size of 21 nm were synthesized using a solvothermal approach. Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋, Tm^3＋ triple-doped NaGdF4 NCs exhibit a broad range of photoluminescence peaks covering a near infrared first/second window （860-900, 1,000, and 1,060 nm）, and visible emission including blue （475 nm）, green （520 and 542 nm） and yellow （587 nm） after excitation at 800 nm. A mechanism involving circulation of energy over Gd^3＋ sublattices as bridge ions and final trapping by the initial activator ions （Nd^3＋） has been proposed. Penetration depth studies indicate that NIR emission is easily detected even at a large tissue thickness of 10 mm. These paramagnetic nanophosphors demonstrate a large magnetization value of 1.88 emu/g at 20 kOe and longitudinal relaxivity value of 1.2537 mM-1.S-1 as a Tl-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. These NaGdF4：Nd^3＋, Yb^3＋ Tm^3＋ NCs are promising for applications in biological and magnetic resonance imaging.

摘要：目的:掌握分叉隧道的空气流动特征与阻力损失特性是进行分叉隧道通风设计和控制的关键。本文旨在探讨小角度分叉结构中的流动特征及局部损失机制,并基于流动分离机制构建可供设计使用的分叉隧道分流局部损失系数的理论公式。创新点:1.揭示气流在小角度分叉结构中的流动分离特征及损失机制;2.提出流向偏转角假设,建立可供设计使用的分叉隧道分流局部损失预测模型。方法:1.通过数值模拟,获得隧道分叉处的流动特征(图5、6a和6d),以及分流局部损失系数随分流比及夹角的变化规律(图6b和6c);2.通过理论推导,构建小夹角分叉结构的分流局部损失系数预测公式(公式(18)和(21));3.通过现场实测,验证预测公式的可靠性(图15)。结论:1.空气在隧道分叉处的分流将导致流速和流向的变化;当分流比β较小时,流动分离出现在靠近分叉点一侧的主线边壁和远离分叉点一侧的匝道边壁;当β较大时,流动分离出现在远离分叉点一侧的主线边壁和靠近分叉点一侧的匝道边壁。2.当分流后主线与匝道的流量比q等于两者的面积比?时,主线及匝道的分流局部损失系数ξ12和ξ13最小;当q>?时,ξ12和ξ13均随β的增大而减小,且ξ13随着θ的增大而增大;当q<?时,ξ12和ξ13均随β的增大而增大,且ξ13随着θ的增大而减小。3.基于隧道分叉处的流动分离机制,提出了空气流向偏转角假设,构建了可用于预测分叉隧道分流局部损失系数的理论公式,与已有文献公式相比,具有更好的预测精度。

摘要：High-power fiber lasers have experienced a dramatic development over the last *** increasing the output power needs an upscaling of the fiber mode area,while maintaining a single-mode ***,we propose an all-solid anti-resonant fiber(ARF)structure,which ensures single-mode operation in broadband by resonantly coupling higherorder modes into the cladding.A series of fibers with core sizes ranging from 40 to 100µm are proposed exhibiting maximum mode area exceeding 5000µ*** simulations show this resonant coupling scheme provides a higher-order mode(mainly TE01,TM01,and HE21)suppression ratio of more than 20 dB,while keeping the fundamental mode loss lower than 1 dB/*** proposed structure also exhibits high tolerance for core index depression.