摘要：Chitin is a structural component of fungal cell walls but is absent in vertebrates,mammals,and *** synthase is thus an attractive molecular target for developing *** on the structure of its donor substrate,UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine,as well as the modelled structure of the bacterial chitin synthase NodC,we designed a novel scaffold which was then further optimized into a series of chitin synthase *** most potent inhibitor,compound 13,exhibited high chitin synthase inhibitory activity with an IC（50） value of 64.5 μmol/L All of the inhibitors exhibited antifungal activities against the growth of agriculturally-destructive fungi,Fusarium graminearum,Botrytis *** Colletotrichum *** work presents a new scaffold which can be used for the development of novel fungicides.

摘要：Based on the similarities in the conformation of VS008（N-（4-methylphenyl）-3-（tert-butyl）-1-（phenylmethyl）-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide） and BYIO6830（N＇-（3,5-dimethylbenzoyl）-N＇-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-l,4-benzodioxine-6-carbohydrazide） bound to the active site of the EcR subunit of the ecdysone receptor（EcR）-ultraspiracle protein（USP） heterodimeric receptor,a series of new pyrazole amide derivatives were designed and *** structures were confirmed by IR,~1H NMR,^（13）C NMR and elemental *** from a preliminary bioassay revealed that two of the pyrazole derivatives exhibited promising insecticidal ***,compounds 6e and 6i exhibited good activity against Helicoverpa armigera（cotton bollworm） at low *** displayed by tebufenozide-treated *** were identical with those displayed by its treated counterpart.6i showed the same poisoning symptoms as those of *** addition,results from molecular docking result indicated that the binding modes of 6e and 6i at the active site of the EcR subunit of the heterodimeric receptor were similar to that of the bound tebufenozide.

摘要：In order to discover highly active ecdysone analogs, a series of new substituted pyrazole amide derivatives were obtained using structure-guided optimization method and further screened for their insecticidal activities, in the basis of the core structures of the two active compounds N-（3-methoxyphenyl）-3-（tert-butyl）-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide（6e） and N-（4-（tert-butyl）phenyl）-3-（tert-butyl）-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide（6i）, previously presented by us. The chemical structures of the title compounds were identified by spectral analyses. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that one among the synthesized pyrazole derivatives, compound 34, endowed with good activity against Mythimna Separata at 10 mg/L, which was equal to that displayed by the positive control tebufenozide. In addition, examples of molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies demonstrated that 34 may be the potential inhibitor to Ec R and its docking conformation was similar to that of tebufenozide. In addition, increasing the hydrophobic effect and considering the suitable bulk effect on pyrazole ring are beneficial to the inhibiting activity to Ec R and activity in vivo.

摘要：“让花成花,让树成树,允许一切如其所是”,杨建觉老师好似一位穿梭于都市街巷与郊野乡间的行者,在路途中,以一颗平和而开放的心,倾听世间万物的低语,以豁达之态看世界,不囿于命运的既定轨迹,而是以一种超然的态度,允许一切发生。正如杨建觉老师在建筑领域的独特造诣,在深入了解一个建筑或一座城背后的故事之后,化身为故事的讲述者,以建筑为媒,以情感为墨,缓缓勾勒出能够“娓娓道来”的建筑杰作。

摘要：背景我国人口老龄化问题日趋严重,抑郁是老年人群中较为常见的精神疾病之一,可导致显著的残疾和死亡风险增加。研究发现抑郁与认知障碍之间关联密切,并且这种关系可能受到性别的影响。在老年人群中,抑郁与认知功能及不同认知领域之间相关性的性别差异尚不明确。目的对城市老年人抑郁和认知功能状况进行调查,并分析抑郁与认知功能的相关性及性别差异。方法2022年9—10月采用分层抽样方法,选取安徽省合肥市某社区的65岁及以上老年居民作为调查对象。收集其一般资料,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)、痴呆简易筛查量表(BSSD)分别对抑郁和认知功能状况进行评估,探讨老年人抑郁的相关因素,并分析抑郁、性别因素及二者的交互作用对认知功能的影响。结果共纳入328名老年人,抑郁的总体检出率为14.9%。回归分析结果显示,饮酒(OR=0.362,95%CI=0.155~0.847)、与子女居住(OR=2.445,95%CI=1.021~5.853)是抑郁的独立相关因素(P<0.05)。析因设计的方差分析显示,抑郁老年人的BSSD总分及语言(命令)理解、计算/注意、地点定向、时间定向和即刻记忆因子分均低于非抑郁老年人(P<0.05)。女性BSSD总分及常识/图片理解和地点定向因子分均低于男性,而语言(命令)理解得分高于男性(P<0.05)。抑郁与性别在常识/图片理解、语言(命令)理解和地点定向上的交互作用显著(P<0.05)。结论城市老年人抑郁风险较高,合并抑郁的老年人可能存在一定的认知功能减退,并伴有性别差异。应加强关注老年人抑郁和痴呆等精神问题,尤其是针对女性老年群体,有必要制定个体化的综合干预措施,提高老年人心理健康水平和生活质量。

摘要：河流型水源泵站取水对河道内鱼类早期资源的卷吸效应会对河流鱼类资源产生不利影响。研究选择长江金刚沱泵站取水口,开展了不同取水口方案卷吸效应物理模型试验。研究结果表明,取水箱两侧钢板高度和引水管布置方向会影响卷吸效应,低侧板方案卷吸效应最明显,其产生的平均横向流速和平均垂向流速约为高侧板方案的1.4~1.8倍,并在纵向上对流速具有更为明显的减缓作用,使原本的河道纵向流速平均下降了30%。引水管垂向布置的卷吸效应范围比侧向布置宽约1.5~2 m,垂向管的卷吸范围在取水箱两侧均匀分布,侧向管布置引起卷吸效应在取水箱顶部产生约2.5~4 m的偏移。卷吸效应范围受河道流量影响,低流量工况下,不同方案的卷吸范围在13.5~18.5 m之间,与高流量工况相比,各方案的卷吸范围有小幅增大,平均增大了1.1倍。根据卷吸效应范围,研究中的高侧板侧向管方案最优,其较高的侧板和侧向引水管的布置型式能够减小卷吸效应,取水头部两侧较高的钢板能够对水流产生阻隔作用,一定程度上减缓了引水管直接对水流的卷吸,研究可为取水工程设计优化提供科学依据。

摘要：Deamination is a crucial step in the transformation of 6-cyclopropylamino guanosine prodrug to its active form. A convenient method using capillary electrophoresis （CE） without sample labeling was developed to analyze the deamination of a series of D-/L-6-cyclopropylamino guanosine analogs by mouse liver homogenate, mouse liver microsome, and adenosine deaminase （ADA）. A two-step process involving a 6-amino guanosine intermediate formed by oxidative N-dealkylation was demonstrated in the metabolism of 6-cyclopropylamino guanosine to 6-hydroxy guanosine. The results indicated that the transformation rates of different prodrugs to the active form varied greatly, which were closely correlated with the configuration of nucleosides and the structure of glycosyl groups. Most importantly, D-form analogs were metabolized much faster than their L-counterparts, thus clearly pointed out that compared to guanine, modification of glycosyl part might be a better choice for the development of L-Kuanosine analogs for the treatment of HIV,

摘要：以(3aS,6aR)-1,3-二苄基四氢-1H-噻吩并[3,4-d]咪唑-2,4-二酮(4)为原料,与1,4-二氯丁烷及CO_(2)发生双格氏化反应得到合成生物素的关键中间体(E)-5-(3aS,6aR)-1,3-二苄基-2-氧代六氢-4H-噻吩并[3,4-d]咪唑-4-亚基戊酸(3),收率为93%。通过实验确证该步反应的主要杂质为化合物5-(1-环戊烯基)戊酸(3a),并设计了该化合物的合成工艺,以1,4-二氯丁烷为原料,投料比n(1,4-二氯丁烷)∶n(镁粉)为1∶2.2,通入CO_(2)的反应温度为-30℃,保温搅拌4 h;再往上述反应液中加入10%稀硫酸中和至pH=4,经60℃保温搅拌4 h,可得68%收率的化合物(3a)。该研究一方面确证了烯酸(3)合成过程中的杂质(3a),另一方面设计了化合物(3a)的合成工艺,为进一步开发利用该化合物(3a)提供了参考。

摘要：To provide an accurate prediction of the product component dependence of temperature and pressure in vacuum distillation and give convenient and efficient guidance for the designing of the process parameters of industrial production, according to the molecular interaction volume model(MIVM), the separation coefficient(β) and vapor-liquid equilibrium composition of Au-Ag alloy at different temperatures are calculated. Combined with the vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE) theory, the VLE phase diagrams, including the temperature-composition(T-x) and pressure-composition(p-x) diagrams of Au-Ag alloy in vacuum distillation are plotted. The triple points and condensation temperatures of gold and silver vapors are calculated as well. The results show that the β decreases and the contents of gold in vapor phase increase with the distillation temperature increasing. Low pressures have positive effect on the separation of Ag and Au. The difference between the condensation temperatures of gold and silver is about 450 K in the pressure range of 1-10 Pa.

摘要：现有优秀的基于深度学习的分布式视频压缩感知(Distributed Compressed Video Sensing,DCVS)重构算法利用测量值和参考帧顺序更新非关键帧,获得了较好的重构性能,但由于缺乏较严格的理论指导,无法充分结合这两类信息,限制了非关键帧重构质量的进一步提升.针对该问题,本文首先利用贝叶斯理论及最大后验概率(Maximum A Posteriori,MAP)估计推导出DCVS中非关键帧重构的优化方程,再基于近端梯度算法推导出优化方程的求解框架,包含多信息流梯度更新聚合方程.基于此,本文设计了多信息流梯度更新及聚合模块(Multi-Information flow Gradient update and Aggregation,MIGA),并构建了深度多信息流梯度更新与聚合网络(Deep Multi-Information flow Gradient update and Aggregation Network,DMIGAN)用于DCVS非关键帧重构.MIGA利用测量值与多参考帧对当前非关键帧进行并行梯度更新,再做信息交互融合,从而充分结合多种信息流更新重构帧.本文级联MIGA与去噪子网络用于模拟近端梯度算法的单次迭代,作为基础模块(phase),并通过级联多个phase构造深度重构网络DMIGAN,实现帧重构的深度优化过程.实验表明,DMIGAN与具代表性的传统迭代优化算法结构相似的帧间组稀疏表示重构算法(Structural SIMilarity based Inter-Frame Group Sparse Representation,SSIM-Inter F-GSR)相比,在低采样率与高采样率下性能分别提升了8.8 dB和7.36 dB;和具有代表性的深度学习重构算法VCSNet-2相比,在低采样率和高采样率下性能分别提升了7.09 dB和8.78 dB.