摘要：Interfacial solar steam generation is an efficient water evaporation technology which has promising applications in desalination,sterilization,water purification and treatment.A common component of evaporator design is a thermal-insulation support placed between the photothermal evaporation surface and bulk *** configuration,common in 2-dimensional(2 D)evaporation systems,minimizes heat loss from evaporation surface to bulk water,thus localizing the heat on the evaporation surface for efficient *** design is subsequently directly adopted for 3-dimensional(3 D)evaporators without any consideration if it is ***,unlike 2 D solar evaporators,the 3 D evaporators can also harvest additional energy(other than solar light)from the air and bulk water to enhance evaporation *** this scenario,the use of thermal insulator support is not proper since it will hinder energy extraction from ***,the traditional 3 D evaporator configuration was completely redesigned by using a highly thermally conductive material,instead of a thermal insulator,to connect evaporation surfaces and the bulk *** higher evaporation rates were achieved by this strategy,owing to the rapid heat transfer from the bulk water to the evaporation *** and outdoor tests both confirmed that evaporation performance could be significantly improved by substituting a thermal insulator with thermally conductive *** findings will redirect the future design of 3 D photothermal evaporators.

摘要：Interfacial solar-steam generation is a promising and cost-effective technology for both desalination and wastewater *** process uses a photothermal evaporator to absorb sunlight and convert it into heat for water *** solar-steam generation can be somewhat inefficient due to energy losses via conduction,convection and ***,efficient energy management is crucial for optimizing the performance of solar-steam ***,via elaborate design of the configuration of photothermal materials,as well as warm and cold evaporation surfaces,performance in solar evaporation was significantly *** was achieved via a simultaneous reduction in energy loss with a net increase in energy gain from the environment,and recycling of the latent heat released from vapor condensation,diffusive reflectance,thermal radiation and convection from the evaporation ***,by using the new strategy,an evaporation rate of 2.94 kg m^-2 h^-1,with a corresponding energy efficiency of solar-steam generation beyond theoretical limit was achieved.

摘要：数字图像处理技术对于艺术领域的影响越来越大,特别是图像分割技术。针对美术图像识别中的分割精度问题,提出了一种基于canny算子边缘检测和GrabCut算法的美术图像自动分割方案。首先,通过RGB模型对图像进行预处理,实现对图像进行平滑和锐化。然后,采用canny算子边缘检测对待分割图像进行平滑滤波并计算梯度值。最后,采用GrabCut算法在RGB颜色空间中进行最小化能量函数计算,并按照随机的方法将分割区域与其他区域进行合并从而构造出一张分割图。实验对比结果表明:在直接视觉和量化分析上,相比现有分割算法,提出的方案表现出更好的分割效果。

摘要：为实现数据中心的低碳转型和能效提升,提出了一种集成多种可再生能源和储能设备的多能互补分布式能源系统作为其供能系统。建立了包含生命周期成本、碳排放、能耗、电网购电率和热量浪费率等指标的优化目标体系。制定了两种考虑负荷特征的运行策略,采用改进的多目标蝗虫优化算法对系统容量配置进行求解。为了分析优化目标和运行策略对系统优化的影响,通过组合不同优化目标和运行策略形成了多种优化设计方案,采用层次分析法和熵权法确定评价指标的权重,并利用多准则妥协解排序法进行评价排序。针对青海省某数据中心的案例,获得其能源系统的优化设计与运行方案。研究表明:运行策略主要影响吸收式制冷机和地源热泵的容量,而优化目标主要影响储能设备的容量;在相同的运行策略下,增加优化目标可提升系统的综合性能;对于不同的方案,生命周期成本、碳排放、能耗等基础优化目标值变化较小,而电网购电率和热量浪费率变化较大;通过实施五目标优化,即在基础优化目标的基础上增加热量浪费率、电网购电率,系统的综合性能得到了显著提升,其中热量浪费率和电网购电率分别降低了62.30%和25.92%,可再生能源发电占比增加了2%。

摘要：图像和文档的数字化已经成为了现代信息化建设必不可少的内容。针对彩色美术图像数字化过程的图像校正问题,提出一种基于改进成像模型和深度神经网络的图像处理算法,能够有效去除噪声并增加图像清晰度。首先构建了由全局照度、局部照度和反射率组成的改进成像模型,并将输入RGB彩色图像被转换为HSV彩色图像。然后提取输入图像的局部特征,并利用这些特征构建一个深度神经网络以便实现噪声去除。仿真试验结果显示,相比传统BP神经网络和广义回归神经网络,提出算法的图像校正能力更强,具有较高的峰值信噪比和对比度增量,验证了提出算法的可行和先进性。

摘要：为探究重金属胁迫下农作物污染响应的敏感叶型及谱段,设计了室外温室环境下的不同铜胁迫梯度玉米花盆试验。以玉米叶片为探究对象,利用仪器测定了出穂期玉米叶片的高光谱反射率数据以及叶片中重金属含量数据,为研究提供了基础数据。从频率域角度,结合时频分析的方法设计了叶片光谱探测法(LSDM),获得了重金属铜胁迫下敏感叶型及谱段,为农作物重金属监测提供技术支撑。根据玉米的生长过程,从老叶(O)、中叶(M)、新叶(N)光谱350~1300 nm的全谱段和子谱段角度进行探究。(1)对铜胁迫下玉米叶片的高光谱反射率数据进行双微分(SOD)和包络线移除(CR),转换到频率域上,结合时频分析的方法进行Daubechies小波6层分解。(2)根据信号异常点、小波高值点和SODCR曲线高值点,定义玉米叶片的光谱异常参数(SAP)。异常变化反射率ACR(异常反射率与其后一个相邻波段反射率差值的绝对值);异常小波系数AWC(异常小波系数与其后一个相邻波段小波系数差值的绝对值);异常SODCR值ASV(异常点SODCR值与其后一个相邻波段SODCR值差值的绝对值)。通过光谱异常参数与玉米叶片重金属含量的相关关系,探究对铜污染响应敏感的叶型及谱段。结果表明,叶片光谱探测法LSDM能高效地对玉米叶片弱信息进行增强,并准确定位出重金属铜胁迫引起的光谱异常谱段位置,异常变化范围集中在350~800 nm内;光谱异常参数能定量地衡量玉米叶片在重金属铜胁迫下的光谱异常;在不同铜胁迫梯度下,玉米新叶(N)为敏感叶型,敏感谱段为蓝边、绿峰、黄边、红谷。该研究有望为其他谷类农作物及其冠层尺度重金属监测提供技术支撑。

摘要：中国科学院高能物理研究所第二台硼中子俘获治疗(BNCT02)加速器主要由1台离子源、1条低能束流传输线、1台射频四极加速器和3条高能束流传输线组成。为了保障BNCT02加速器的安全运行,设计了基于横河PLC和实验物理及工业控制系统(EPICS)软件工具包的机器保护系统。为了增强安全性,该系统采用了冗余设计,由两套完全独立且主要输入、输出信号一致的子系统构成。测试结果表明,BNCT02加速器机器保护系统的响应时间小于1.6 ms,且具有稳定可靠性高的特点,满足BNCT02加速器运行的需要。

摘要：超分子手性是一种在自组装过程中由于对称性缺失而形成的手性现象,近年来受到了广泛的关注.其研究的核心问题是如何设计组装基元,并控制其自组装行为以得到具有特定功能特定形貌的手性组装体.大环化合物由于丰富的主客体化学性质及特殊的立体结构,可通过手性传递或者官能团修饰的方法获得手性,因而在手性超分子自组装方面有着广泛的应用.本综述针对近年来基于柱芳烃的手性体系进行总结,首先对手性柱芳烃的构筑进行概述,基于柱芳烃自身的主客体化学性质及其结构特性,手性柱芳烃可通过手性传递、结构修饰及空间限域等策略获得;然后对柱芳烃手性自组装体系的构筑和应用进行了总结,论述了其在手性存储、手性发光、手性识别等方面的应用;最后总结和展望了柱芳烃手性自组装体系的前景.

摘要：Ontological negation advance the third kind of relationship between human and nature, ＂Equity Between Human and Nature＂, which different from either ＂Western antagonism＂ or ＂Chinese traditional integration＂. Human and Nature divided but equivalent, based on the limitation of Antagonism and Oneness Between Human and Nature, as well as the Fact and empirical discovery of equity between human and hature＂. This third point of view is expected to bring a creative and productive separation and ＂a new harmony＂ which keeps those two different types of the worlds mutual, respectful and equal.

摘要：这份报纸论述一个方法基于图用一个新引导方法学习语义词典相互的加强(GMR ) 。途径使用仅仅未标记的数据和一些种子词为每个语义范畴学习新词。与另外的引导方法不同，我们使用基于 GMR 的引导排序候选人词和模式。试验性的结果证明基于 GMR 的引导途径在在里面域数据和外面域数据两个都超过存在算法。而且，它证明结果取决于语料库而且质量的尺寸不仅。