摘要：Photocatalysis is considered a prospective way to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental *** is therefore extremely important to design highly efficient photocatalysts for catalytic *** recent years,hollow‐structured materials have attracted considerable interest for application in energy conversion fields owing to their large specific surface areas,improved light absorption,and shortened charge carrier transfer *** they contain inner and outer surfaces,hollow‐structured materials can provide a superior platform for the deposition of other components.A number of hollow‐structured hierarchical systems have been designed and fabricated in recent *** is important to rationally design and construct complex hierarchical *** this review,general preparation approaches for hollow‐structured materials are presented,followed by a summary of the recent synthesis methods and mechanisms of typical hollow‐structured materials for applications in the photocatalytic *** hollow‐structured hierarchical photocatalysts are classified into two types,hollow cocatalyst‐based and hollow host photocatalyst‐based,and the design principle and analysis of the photocatalytic reaction mechanism for photocatalytic H2 evolution and CO_(2) reduction are also *** effects of hollow‐structured materials have also been *** review provides a reference for the rational construction of advanced,highly efficient photocatalytic materials.

摘要：Photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution via water spilling over semiconductors has been considered to be one of the most promising strategies for sustainable energy supply in the future to provide non-pollution and renewable *** key to efficient conversion of solar-chemical energy is the design of an efficient structure for high charge separation and ***,cocatalysts are necessary in boosting photocatalytic H2 *** date,semiconductor photocatalysts have been modified by various cocatalysts due to the extended light harvest,enhanced charge carrier separation efficiency and improved *** review focuses on recent developments of cocatalysts in photocatalytic H2 evolution,the roles and mechanism of the cocatalysts are discussed in *** cocatalysts can be divided into the following categories:metal/alloy cocatalysts,metal phosphides cocatalysts,metal oxide/hydroxide cocatalysts,carbon-based cocatalysts,dual cocatalysts,Z-scheme cocatalysts and MOFs *** future research and forecast for photocatalytic hydrogen generation are also suggested.

摘要：The design and construction of low‐cost and high‐performance hybrid materials for the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction(HER)are extremely important for the large‐scale application of hydrogen ***‐organic frameworks(MOFs)are considered to be potential photocatalytic ***,monodisperse,small size,non‐precious metal transition metal phosphide Ni2P is encapsulated into a typical MOF(UiO‐66‐NH2)as a hybrid core‐shell cocatalyst to modify Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S for photocatalytic hydrogen ***2P is wrapped in UiO‐66‐NH_(2)via an in situ solvothermal method,and Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S sulfide is decorated with a core‐shell Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)cocatalyst to obtain ternary Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)/Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S composite *** and chemical characterization confirms that the ternary composites have good kinetic hydrogen production *** hydrogen production rate of 10%10 mg Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)/Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S reaches 40.91 mmol·g^(–1)·h^(–1)with an apparent quantum efficiency at 420 nm of 13.57%.The addition of 10 mg Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)increases the surface area of the ternary material,providing abundant reaction sites and forming an efficient charge transfer channel,which is conducive to efficient hydrogen production by the ternary *** is shown that the formation of a ternary composite system is beneficial to the occurrence of an efficient catalytic *** study provides a new perspective for the construction of high‐performance photocatalytic materials.

摘要：本文以国内某著名地产品牌商开发的高品质住宅项目为研究对象,基于《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》(JGJ 3-2010)中整体设计指标控制和截面设计阶段剪力调整等相关条文的规定,通过理解规范概念,理顺结构工程在模型构建、整体计算、截面设计、工程优化及工程效果后评估等各个阶段剪力墙高层住宅的设计控制方法,以更优的结构布置方案满足建筑功能的需求,同时达到减轻地震灾害,优化构件尺寸,最终高质量地达到《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》(JGJ 3-2010)中1.0.1条提出的“安全适用、技术先进、经济合理、方便施工”的良好效果。

摘要：在铁路电气化工程中,当电气化铁路接触网与油气管道长距离平行、接近时,就会在管道上产生较高的感应电压,其将危及人身和设备的安全,不解决此问题,铁路就不能投运。但国内外通常采用箝位式排流法,由于该电路的结构及采用元件的问题,总有部分残存电压,并不能完全消除交流感应电压对管道的影响。为了完全消除其影响,针对原电路的不足,经过分析研究,提出了可控式排流法。其能将原残存电压完全消除,并能做到双向控制。为此,本研究采用了新颖的电路及精心筛选的元件,尽量优化设计。在模拟对比试验中,其防护效果比箝位式排流法提高30%,达到了预期的效果。

摘要：针对高轨卫星锂离子蓄电池组在轨管理问题,文章在分析锂离子蓄电池组特性及在轨使用需求的基础上,提出了锂离子蓄电池组自主管理系统的设计,并在某高轨卫星上进行了验证。根据在轨数据,从工作模式转换、充放电管理、均衡管理、搁置管理等方面对管理系统的验证情况进行总结。提出的自主管理系统可为后续高轨卫星锂离子蓄电池组自主管理系统的设计提供参考。

摘要：星载电源控制设备一般由分流器(SR)、放电调节器(BDR)和充电调节器(BCR)三部分组成。为了减小电源控制设备的质量和体积,文章提出了一种将放电调节器和充电调节器合二为一的设计方案。分析了一种双向耦合电感型升降压电路工作原理,给出了主功率电路的平均模型,推导出了该变换器双向工作的传递函数,为校正补偿网络设计提供了理论依据。经Psim软件仿真分析,并搭建原理样机进行了试验验证,结果表明:该变换器双向工作稳定,可以实现蓄电池组充放电功能。该方案减轻了电源控制设备的质量,降低了研制成本,可为后续卫星电源控制设备设计提供参考。

摘要：高压隔离开关是高压线路与变电站的分界点。在高压隔离开关之外的高压线路上是不允许变电站装设任何电器设备的。针对着普通电压互感器必须与高压线路相连才能测量电压的不足,提出一种感应式高压测量方法。此方法可不接触高压线路而测量线路电压,使得变电站增加了一种对高压线路的检测手段。通过对本系统各个部分的构成和分析得出该方法的可行性和优越性的结论。

摘要：文章以某壳体件在自动化生产中不同状态毛坯混线加工的自动识别问题为导向,详细介绍了自动化加工过程中,对于不同毛坯状态,如何甄别不同产品特征,设计利用相对应装置进行先期识别,再提取不同毛坯状态的识别信号,与加工设备信息交互,使加工设备实现自动调用相对应零件加工程序,以此实现自动识别在自动线中的实际应用。除此之外,衍生解决了如产品为同一种毛坯,加工不同内容后形成不同成品的同类问题,文章就如何利用PLC设计及程序逻辑编程,实现"同坯多用"做了详细介绍。

摘要：文章从某薄壁壳体件的工艺质量问题分析入手,阐述其加工方案和工艺流程,对每一步加工工序进行详细的介绍。结合产品结构特点及关键重要尺寸精度要求,通过对各工序产品质量关联性及生产组织中面临的实际问题系统分析,在关键工序设计及改进了两套实用液压工装,使产品质量有效改善,生产效率明显提升。