摘要：It is well-known that global warming due to anthropogenic atmospheric greenhouse effects advanced the start of the vegetation growing season （SOS） across the globe during the 20th century. Projections of further changes in the SOS for the 21st century under certain emissions scenarios （Representative Concentration Pathways, RCPs） are useful for improving understanding of the consequences of global warming. In this study, we first evaluate a linear relationship between the SOS （defined using the normalized difference vegetation index） and the April temperature for most land areas of the Northern Hemisphere for 1982-2008. Based on this relationship and the ensemble projection of April temperature under RCPs from the latest state-of-the-art global coupled climate models, we show the possible changes in the SOS for most of the land areas of the Northern Hemisphere during the 21st century. By around 2040-59, the SOS will have advanced by -4.7 days under RCP2.6, -8.4 days under RCP4.5, and -10.1 days under RCPS.5, relative to 1985-2004. By 2080-99, it will have advanced by -4.3 days under RCP2.6, -11.3 days under RCP4.5, and -21.6 days under RCP8.5. The geographic pattern of SOS advance is considerably dependent on that of the temperature sensitivity of the SOS. The larger the temperature sensitivity, the larger the date-shift-rate of the SOS.

摘要：基于环编工艺制备碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷复合材料(SiC_(f)/SiC)包壳管纤维预制体,并通过PIP方法浸渍烧结制备核能包壳管是当前高容错包壳管的研究热点之一。在乏燃料反应堆中,为了提升热交换效率,包壳管壁厚一般不应超过0.75mm,同时还需要承受复杂外界工况与内部兆帕级气压,这为4m长包壳管的结构设计带来巨大挑战。如何面向SiC_(f)/SiC复杂成型过程,系统性建立一种反映复合材料多层级结构的有限元模型,成为包壳管安全设计的首要前提。该研究基于有限元接触算法,建立了包含环编工艺参数的碳化硅纤维环编预制体有限元模型。通过细观—宏观多尺度方法探究了纤维体积含量、纤维和基体力学性能等参数对核能包壳管力学性能的影响,打通了从制备工艺到强度校核的一体化设计链条。通过将多尺度模型与传统的层合板理论方法构建的核能包壳管模型对比,验证了后者扭转强度预报值比前者高估了69%,存在极高的设计风险。研究通过初步探索联合工艺仿真与多尺度仿真设计优化复杂碳化硅复合材料结构,并预报诸如强度和模量等力学性能,以降低昂贵的制备成本和实验成本,为未来开展复杂碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅复合材料结构的强度设计提供了较为可靠的工具。

摘要：Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GMSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. In addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.

摘要：鄂尔多斯体育中心综合体育馆平面呈椭圆形,长轴为156.8m,短轴为126.6m,周边环绕36根向外倾斜的巨型柱支撑屋顶钢桁架。钢桁架与倾斜巨型柱刚接,钢桁架为整体结构的一部分,与倾斜巨型柱相互支撑、约束,共同承担竖向荷载,抵抗水平荷载。介绍了钢屋盖的结构特点和设计参数,并从主要杆件的应力比、桁架节点及支座节点承载力等多方面说明钢结构屋盖的安全、可靠。

摘要：文章介绍了铝带碱清洗机组的系统组成,碱清洗机组的电气控制组成,详细分析了碱清洗机组的电气传动控制原理,为后续碱清洗机组的设计提供了参考。

摘要：高速公路品质工程要实现各项建设任务目标,构建一个高效顺畅的信息平台是基础。在分析高速公路品质工程建设对精准协同管理信息平台需求的基础上,设计了高速公路品质工程建设精准协同管理信息平台的三层架构与功能模块,创建了高速公路品质工程有效的信息交互与知识共享的管理平台。

摘要：This paper studies the problem of suboptimal state-feedback H-two/H-infinity control of stochastic systems with spectrum constraint. Concretely speaking, a mixed suboptimal H-two/H-infinity controller synthesis together with placing the spectrum into a strip region is considered, which is achieved via solving a convex optimization problem.

摘要：液态燃料钍基熔盐实验堆滞留盘管是熔盐堆尾气处理系统的重要核安全级设备,为尾气中短寿命核素衰变提供封闭环境,同时去除衰变热,降低其后碘吸附床和活性炭吸附床的温度。本文介绍了业主提供的2 MWt液态燃料钍基熔盐实验堆滞留盘管原设计方案中存在的问题及结构优化后的新设计方案。优化后的滞留盘管设计方案具有散热性好、泄漏点少(焊缝少)、容易施焊、便于检测监控维修、用材少等优点,具有较好的可靠性和经济性。

摘要：采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法对预混气体火焰在平板狭缝中传播进行了研究,利用高速数字摄像系统对传播过程进行抓取。结果表明,当狭缝高度一定时,火焰的熄灭常数与临界火焰速度呈现的是近似直线关系。并对化学反应放热、壁面散热等与预混气体火焰传播与淬熄有关因子之间的内在联系进行分析,总结出预混气体火焰在平板狭缝中的传播与熄灭规律。对判断火焰在狭缝中是否淬熄提供参考,对选用阻火器及设计阻火芯提供一定的理论依据。

摘要：微口袋裂变电离室(micro-pocket fission detector, MPFD)是堪萨斯州立大学提出的一种新型微型裂变电离室,通过组合多个探测器形成一个多节点的探测器阵列,用于核反应堆堆芯中子注量率的三维在线监测或辐照样品处中子注量率的原位在线监测。在多节点探测器的设计过程中,由于各节点用于施加电场和输出信号的平行导线距离非常近,必须抑制各节点之间产生信号的相互串扰,以获得各节点输出信号的准确信息。本工作提出了一种3节点的MPFD设计,利用Garfiled、SRIM以及有限元分析方法对MPFD不同节点之间的串扰信号进行模拟分析,结果表明,MPFD串扰信号较主信号低1个量级,且极性相反。同时,制做了3节点的MPFD探测器样机,利用235U自发衰变产生的α粒子对两个节点之间的串扰信号进行了实验测试。实验结果与模拟计算结果一致,表明这种3节点的MPFD,由不同节点产生的串扰信号可通过信号极性和脉冲幅度进行甄别,不影响探测器对中子注量率的测量。