摘要：Peasant painting is a kind of painting created by farmers as creative subject,bearing rich *** to the historical development of peasant painting in reality,the types of meaning it carried could be divided into three types in chronological order:political ideological significance,folk life significance,and creative fashion *** three types of meaning gave rise to three types of aesthetic utopia,namely political aesthetic utopia,folk aesthetic utopia and fashion aesthetic *** three types of aesthetic utopia reflected three forms of negation and revolution of daily *** the political aesthetic utopia resisted was the alienation force of material *** folk aesthetic utopia resisted was the desire for material and the binding of political *** fashion aesthetic utopia opposed the relatively narrow *** these three forms of resistance,the public also constructed three identities:the interpreter of their own aesthetic interpretation of political ideology,the interpreter of their own aesthetic interpretation of real life from perspective of local feelings,and the interpreter of their own aesthetic interpretation of real life from perspective of the relationship between themselves and the world.

摘要：Body symbol is generally regarded as the representation of public self-identity in ***,it is neither a pure symbol nor a pure *** limits its thorough expression of the public self to a certain *** pan symbol mechanism of consumer society further dispels discord between symbol and natural body,so that body can clearly represent the self-identity of the public *** brand is a typical embodiment of body symbols in consumer *** the conceptual identification for constructing star brand belongs to commercial competition strategy,it is also the confirmation for public identity at the practical level.

摘要：Two major challenges,high cost and short lifespan,have been hindering the commercialization process of lowtemperature fuel *** Wei's group has been focusing on decreasing cathode Pt loadings without losses of activity and durability,and their research advances in this area over the past three decades are briefly reviewed *** the Pt-based catalysts and the low Pt usage,they have firstly tried to clarify the degradation mechanism of Pt/C catalysts,and then demonstrated that the activity and stability could be improved by three strategies:regulating the nanostructures of the active sites,enhancing the effects of support materials,and optimizing structures of the three-phase *** Pt-free catalysts,especialiy carbon-based ones,several strategies that they proposed to enhance the activity of nitrogen-/heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts are firstly ***,an indepth understanding of the degradation mechanism for carbon-based catalysts is discussed,and followed by the corresponding stability enhancement ***,the carbon-based electrode at the micrometer-scale,faces the challenges such as low active-site density,thick catalytic layer,and the effect of hydrogen peroxide,which require rational structure design for the integral cathodic *** review finally gives a brief conclusion and outlook about the low cost and long lifespan of cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts.

摘要：For discrimination of the common W-junction and Y-junction in the labels of line drawing for a three-dimensional manifold plane surface with trihedral vertices, the existing algorithms are almost using angles between two adjacent lines and W-junction and Y- junction＇s definitions, and other complex methods. This passage gives four methods with their detailed mathematical inference processes in order to use these algorithms implemented by computer. The algorithms listed are Angle Summation method and Points to the line method, Triangle methods which are the Triangle Area method and the Cross method. When the computer programs discriminate junctions, by comparison, the Angle Summation method and Points to the line method are less efficacious than the Triangle method, and Cross method is more efficacious than the Triangle Area method in the Triangle method.

摘要：热成像仪由于工作环境较为恶劣,且自身发热量较大,容易导致热像仪光轴发生热偏移,严重影响其瞄准性能。为了提高红外热像仪的光轴热稳定性,以某型热像仪光轴敏感部件——折转镜为主要研究对象,研究其在不同环境温度条件下的光轴变化情况,并通过构建折转镜的有限元仿真模型以及试验测试系统,获得与试验数据一致性较好的有限元模型;以此为基础,采用基于变密度法的拓扑优化仿真技术,以刚度最大化为设计目标,以体积分数为约束,对折转镜座进行了拓扑优化设计。通过试验测试得出,优化设计的折转镜座的光轴高温偏移量由46.1″减小到25.5″,减小了44.7%,折转镜座的光轴低温偏移量由92.9″减小到51.0″,减小了45.1%,极大地提高了折转镜的光轴热稳定性。最后,将优化后的折转镜安装到某型热像仪中进行整机试验测试,热像仪整机的高温光轴偏移量由0.461 mrad减小到0.340 mrad,下降了26.2%,低温光轴偏移量由0.485 mrad减小到0.296 mrad,下降了39.0%,证明了仿真与拓扑优化模型的可行性与有效性,为后续红外热像仪整机的轻量化设计与性能提升奠定了基础。

摘要：本文通过简单的一步热解法合成了C/Co复合材料,在材料质量填充浓度为35%时,观察到其具有优异的介电频散性能。当材料厚度2.5 mm时,该复合材料在11.2 GHz的最小反射率为-23.7 dB,小于-10 dB的带宽为3.8 GHz。为了进一步提高吸收体的吸波性能,利用全介质超材料的设计对吸收体的宏观结构进行优化,此方法成功地将小于-10 dB的吸收带宽扩展到15 GHz(7.0~22.0 GHz)。该研究结果可以为高性能微波吸收材料的制备工艺和结构设计提供有价值的参考。

摘要：为了顺利完成首套流化床甲醇制丙烯FMTP工业示范装置投料试车。通过对采用大连化物所甲醇制烯烃DMTO技术、中石化甲醇制烯烃SMTO技术、神华集团甲醇制烯烃SHMTO技术和甲醇制丙烯MTP技术的同类型企业考察和技术交流,经过与FMTP工艺技术对比分析,发现原FMTP装置催化剂回收系统、三器之间催化剂循环管道、洗涤水换热系统、余热回收系统和反应器测量仪表系统在设计方面存在不足。根据同行业装置建设和运行经验,废催化剂回收系统设计改造锁斗回收系统,催化剂循环管线优化改造为提升管加法兰管帽,洗涤水换热器优化改造二甲苯清洗系统,余热回收设备优化改造蒸汽自动吹灰系统,反应器测量仪表优化改造反吹系统。经过上述工艺优化,催化剂回收系统解析气中可燃气含量显著降低,且避免催化剂粘黏结块;三器之间催化剂循环管线优化设计提升管、提升管顶部设计缓冲管加管帽,在装置运行期间三器之间的催化剂流通顺畅,反应器待生催化剂循环量、待生管温度、待生管密度、待生管压力指标接近或达到设计指标;启动二甲苯清洗系统对堵塞的换热器进行化学冲洗,换热器清洗效果明显;自动蒸汽吹灰系统投运后,余热回收系统效率显著提高;反应器仪表反吹风优化为工艺气后避免惰性组分对分离工艺影响。FMTP装置在四次试车过程中上述系统运行平稳,为装置长周期安全稳定运行奠定基础。

摘要：湛海高铁旅客车船转运方案是一种新设想,主要研究内容有车船转运方案的港址选择、总体设计思路、车船接驳运营分析、车船转乘行人流仿真分析、跨海总用时分析、以及工程技术难度、投资估算、经济效益、远期可逆性。为解决现有桥隧方案需要巨额投资不够经济,以及高铁轮渡方案时效性差等现有技术缺陷问题。提出空车等船、空船等车的设计理念,高铁旅客完成跨越琼州海峡的分析用时为36 min,设计用时取45 min,时间富裕系数为1.25。仿真分析结果表明:4.2 min可完成所有乘客完成换乘,换乘环境良好;高铁港口综合站采用双凸堤4股道、8个换乘泊位的布置形式,能够满足每小时开行8对动车的高峰接驳运营强度;车船转运方案具有用时短、经济效益好、技术难度小、对生态环境影响小、对过海通道的远期建设具备可逆性等优点。

摘要：为满足欠驱动自主水下航行器(autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)在复杂扰动和参数不确定条件下高性能轨迹跟踪需求,提出预设动态性能及收敛时间的三维轨迹跟踪控制方法。首先,对欠驱动AUV的前向位置道进行扩维,构建面向控制的一体化多输入多输出轨迹跟踪模型。然后,结合动态过程函数与预设时间控制理论,建立动态性能预设轨迹跟踪控制系统,使得AUV轨迹跟踪暂态品质可由动态过程函数直接决定,而跟踪误差的实际收敛时间也可由单个控制参数准确预设。最后,为避免控制奇异现象和“微分爆炸”现象,控制系统设计过程中分别融入绝对值修正法和径向基函数网络(radial basis function neural network,RBFNN)拟合法。数值仿真结果表明,所提出的控制方法可显著提升欠驱动AUV的抗扰性和暂态品质,实现快速平滑的高性能三维轨迹跟踪。

摘要：小样本学习旨在模拟人类基于少数样例快速学习新事物的能力,对解决样本匮乏情境下的深度学习任务具有重要意义.但是,在诸多计算资源有限的现实任务中,模型规模仍可能限制小样本学习的广泛应用.这对面向小样本学习的轻量化任务提出了现实的需求.知识蒸馏作为深度学习领域广泛使用的辅助策略,通过额外的监督信息实现模型间知识迁移,在提升模型精度和压缩模型规模方面都有实际应用.首先验证知识蒸馏策略在小样本学习模型轻量化中的有效性.并结合小样本学习任务的特点,针对性地设计两种新的小样本蒸馏方法:(1)基于图像局部特征的蒸馏方法;(2)基于辅助分类器的蒸馏方法.在miniImageNet和TieredImageNet数据集上的相关实验证明所设计的新的蒸馏方法相较于传统知识蒸馏在小样本学习任务上具有显著优越性.