摘要：全球变暖趋势增加了复合灾害发生的可能性。复合灾害下输电线路故障率的准确评估是电网风险预警和应急决策的量化基础。按灾种独立事件累积故障率的方法,既不能反映灾害演化的时变性,又不能反映灾种间相互影响的耦合特征,在复合灾害场景下难以客观反映输电线路面临的故障风险。整体还原论(WRT)融合了整体论的全局观与还原论的机理观,是研究复杂性问题的新范式。文中从复合灾害的时变特征与耦合特征出发分析其复杂性根源,从灾种孤立分析和复合灾害分析的角度回顾了自然灾害下输电线路故障率评估技术现状及面临的问题,提出了基于WRT的灾害综合分析法的研究思路,建立了“离线按分类特征优化、在线按实际灾情执行”的评估框架,探讨了灾害综合分析法的若干关键技术。

摘要：在区域发展迈向更高质量一体化的背景下,站城关系面临转型重塑。评估铁路客站及其毗邻地区交通和城市属性的发展情况,对于推动站城融合发展具有诸多助益。到目前为止,我国铁路站区针对此方面的系统性定量研究仍略显不足。结合我国铁路站区发展的特殊性,基于贝托里尼的节点-场所模型重新构建评价指标体系,对长三角地区45个铁路站区进行属性评估与优化研究。研究结果显示,我国长三角铁路站区的发展存在较大差异,普遍节点属性较强,未能实现节点与场所属性的均衡发展。作为既有铁路站区的指标评估工具,本研究有助于修正影响铁路站区发展的不利因素,实现站区节点与场所的动态平衡发展,为我国更新以及新建站区的规划设计提供决策支撑。

摘要：Laminar optical tomography(LOT)is a mesoscopic tomographic imaging technique ranging between confocal microscopy and diffuse optical tomography(DOT).Fluorescence LOT(FLOT)provides depth-resolved molecular information with 100-200μm resolution over 2-3mm *** this study,we use Monte Carlo simulation and singular-value analysis(SVA)to optimize the source-detector configurations for potential enhancement of FLOT imaging *** effects of different design parameters,including source incidence and detector collection angles,detector number,and sampling density,are *** results indicate that angled incidence/detection configuration might improve the imaging resolution and depth sensitivity,especially for low-scattering *** the number of detectors and the number of scanning steps will also result in enhanced imaging *** also demonstrate that the optimal imaging performance depends upon the background scattering coe±*** result might provide an optimization strategy for FLOT or LOT experimental setup.

摘要：Theranostic nanomedicine that integrates diagnostic and therapeutic agents into one nanosystem has gained considerable momentum in the field of cancer treatment. Among diverse strategies for achieving theranostic capabilities, surface-nanopore engineering based on mesoporous silica coating has attracted great interest because of their negligible cytotoxicity and chemically active surface that can be easily modified to introduce various functional groups(e.g.,-COOH,-NH_2,-SH, etc.) via silanization, which can satisfy various requirements of conjugating biological molecules or functional nanoparticles. In addition,the nanopore-engineered biomaterials possess large surface area and high pore volume, ensuring desirable loading of therapeutic guest molecules. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the synthetic procedure/paradigm of nanopore engineering and further broad theranostic applications. Such nanopore-engineering strategy endows the biocompatible nanocomposites(e.g., Au,Ag, graphene, upconversion nanoparticles, Fe_3O_4, MXene, etc.) with versatile functional moieties, which enables the development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for multimodal diagnostic bio-imaging, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy,targeted drug delivery, synergetic therapy and imaging-guided therapies. Therefore, mesoporous silica-based surface-nanopore engineering integrates intriguing unique features for broadening the biomedical applications of the single mono-functional nanosystem, facilitating the development and further clinical translation of theranostic nanomedicine.

摘要：采暖通风系统是保证蓄电池电力工程车设备正常运行和人员舒适性的关键。针对采暖通风系统的设计,本文系统性介绍了其系统总体配置及设备布局方案,系统性梳理总结了通风系统常见各设备的安装设计,并对未来采暖通风系统的设计等作出了分析与展望。

摘要：湿陷性黄土因它遇水湿陷的特性在降水之后会导致边坡失稳,研究其变形破坏规律,可为湿陷性黄土地区边坡治理提供一定的理论依据。因此,文中选取河南省西南部湿陷性黄土地区某边坡地质灾害点为研究对象,结合现场调查及勘察数据,基于非饱和土渗流理论和极限平衡理论,利用Geostudio软件Seep/W、Slope/W模块对降雨条件下的边坡渗流场及稳定性进行分析。研究结果表明,在暴雨工况下边坡表层逐渐饱和,基质吸力下降速度较快,浅层边坡更容易失稳,因此暴雨期间应加强监测,并采取治理措施防止边坡失稳。

摘要：2023‑12‑18,甘肃积石山县发生Ms 6.2地震,地震诱发了大量的同震滑坡,并导致建筑物不同程度损毁,造成了严重的人员伤亡和经济损失。及时获取同震滑坡易发性、应急识别同震滑坡并分析其影响因素以及定量评估建筑物损毁情况,对灾后的应急救援和恢复重建至关重要。基于支持向量机算法获取了积石山地震同震滑坡易发性空间分布,同时通过震前、震后的高分辨率光学卫星影像对同震滑坡进行了应急识别,并探讨了地震、地形地貌和人类活动等因素对同震滑坡的影响。此外,利用多时相合成孔径雷达干涉测量相干性变化方法获取了地震建筑物损毁代理图(building damage proxy map,BDPM)。结果表明,此次积石山Ms 6.2地震通过卫星遥感解译出同震滑坡共3767处,总面积9.67 km^(2),多为黄土滑坡,主要分布在高程1900~2200 m、坡度20°~40°、坡向SE、距断层10 km和距水系2.2 km之内,黄土放大效应明显。研究团队震后第一时间开展野外考察,实地确认了59处同震滑坡,验证了遥感识别结果的准确性;BDPM结果表明,震区大河家镇和官亭镇建筑物损毁最为严重。上述研究成果为震后恢复重建和地震次生灾害评估提供了重要的数据支撑。

摘要：Mark Twain is a famous writer and orator in *** distinguished from many greatest American writers,Mark Twain is noted for his *** and satire are the best generalizations of his writing *** is superior to other contemporary writers in that he not only makes use of humorous language to create a ridiculous atmosphere,but also to raise the curtain over the darkness of American *** Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most typical one that can show his unique *** author makes a humorous effect through the application of exaggerated language,expands the effect through the explicit and implicit contrast of the discourse,and creates a humorous atmosphere through the use of vernacular and *** on the discussion of humor and its characteristics,this paper analyzes and arranges the humorous language of Mark Twain in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,and then discusses how Mark Twain achieves the humorous effect by violating the Cooperative Principle,thus revealing the theme.

摘要：Membranes with high ion conductivity and selectivity are important for vanadium redox flow ***, densely quaternized anion exchange membranes based on quaternary ammonium functionalized octa-benzylmethyl-containing poly(fluorenyl ether ketone)s(QA-OMPFEKs) were prepared from the(i) condensation polymerization of a newly developed octa-benzylmethyl-containing bisphenol monomer via Ullmann coupling,(ii) bromination at the benzylmethyl sites using N-bromosuccinimide, and(iii)quaternization of the bromomethyl groups using trimethylamine. The QA-OMPFEK-20 with an ion exchange capacity(IEC) of 1.66 mmolg^-1 exhibited a higher SO42-conductivity(9.62mScm^-1) than that of the QA-TMPFEK-40(4.82mScm^-1) at room temperature, which had a slightly higher IEC of 1.73 mmolg-1but much lower QA *** enhanced SO42-conductivity of QA-OMPFEK-20 was attributed to the ion-segregated structure arising from the densely anchored QA groups, which was validated by SAXS observation. Furthermore, the QA-OMPFEK-20 showed much lower VO2+permeability(1.24×10^-14m^2s^-1) than QA-TMPFEK-40(5.40×10^-13m^2s^-1) and Nafion N212(5.36×10^-12m^2s^-1), leading to improved Coulombic and energy efficiencies in Vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs). Therefore, the Ullmann coupling extension is a valuable approach for the development of high performance anion exchange membranes for VRFBs.

摘要：Ferroptosis and autophagy, playing significant roles in tumor treatment, are two typical forms of the programmed cell death. However, the rational combination of ferroptosis and autophagy for synergistic tumor therapy is still highly challenging. Herein, we report on an intriguing nanomedicine strategy for achieving autophagy-enhanced ferroptosis on efficiently combating cancer, which was based on the construction of trehalose-loaded mSiO_(2)@MnO_(x)-mPEG(Tre MMM) nanoparticles with satisfactory biocompatibility. The nanoparticles are endowed with high glutathione(GSH) consumption efficiency, thereby inducing cancer-cell ferroptosis via inactivating glutathione peroxidases 4(GPX4). Subsequently, the Tre MMM degradation due to the GSH depletion and p H sensitivity contributed to the trehalose release for inducing autophagy, promoting/enhancing ferroptosis by NCOA4-mediated degradation of ferritin.A substantial in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect was achieved by such an intriguing autophagyenhanced ferroptosis. Therefore, the rational combination of GSH-consumption-induced ferroptosis and trehalose-induced autophagy by nanomedicine design provides an alternative but effective strategy for tumor treatment.