摘要：As a famous hole transporting material, nickle oxide (NiOx) has drawn enormous attention due to its low cost and superior stability. However, the relatively low conductivity and high-density surface trap states of NiOx severely limit device performance in solar cell applications. Interfacial engineering is an efficient approach to achieve remarkable hole-transporting performance by surface passivation. Herein, the efficient NiOx hole transport layer was prepared by surface passivation engineering strategy via facile solution processes with cesium iodide (CsI). It is demonstrated that CsI plays a super-effective dual-function role in inverted solar cell device: On one hand, the presence of CsI hugely passivates the surface trap states at the NiOx/perovskite interface along with obviously improved conductivity by the incorporated Cs^(+);on the other hand, the ions immigration is significantly suppressed by the presence of I ion for high-quality perovskite films, resulting in a stable contact interface. The ameliorative interface leads to largely reduced carrier non-radiative recombination, attributing to boosted carrier extraction efficiency. As a result, decent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.48% with a noticeable fill factor (FF) beyond 80% was achieved. This facile and efficient surface engineering approach with dual-function shows excellent potential for the design of high-performance functional interfacial modification layer to achieve high-performance solar cells.

摘要：The performance of a joint data assimilation system（Tan-Tracker）,which is based on the PODEn4 Dvar assimilation method,in assimilating Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite（GOSAT） carbon dioxide（CO2） data,was *** 3D CO2 concentrations and CO2 surface fluxes（CFs） from2010 were simulated using a global chemistry transport model（GEOS-Chem）.TheTan-Tracker system used the simulated CO2 concentrations and fluxes as a background field and assimilated the GOSAT column average dry-air mole fraction of CO2（X（CO2）） data to optimize CO2 concentrations and CFs in the same assimilation *** simulated X（CO2）（X（CO2）Sim）） and assimilated X（CO2）（X（CO2）,TT） data retrieved at different satellite scan positions were compared with GOSAT-observed X（CO2）（X（CO2）,obs）*** average RMSE between the monthly X（CO2）,TT and X（CO2）,Obs data was significantly（30%） lower than the average RMSE between X（CO2）,Sim and X（CO2）,Obs）.Specifically,reductions in error were found for the positions of northern Africa（the Sahara）,the Indian peninsula,southern Africa,southern North America,and western *** difference between the correlation coefficients of the X（CO2）,Sim）and X（CO2）,Obs and those of the X（CO2）Π）,TT and X（CO2）,Obs was only *** general,the Tan-Tracker system performed very well after assimilating the GOSAT data.

摘要：为研究聚乙烯醇(PEG)对混凝土中钢筋氯盐耐蚀性的影响,开展了一系列钢筋电化学试验,探究掺入不同浓度的PEG和不同浓度Cl^(-)浓度对钢筋线性极化及电化学阻抗谱等电化学行为的影响,并结合Raman测试,揭示PEG对Cl^(-)腐蚀下钢筋的缓蚀机理。结果表明,对Cl^(-)侵蚀下的钢筋,PEG具有较好阻锈作用,且PEG浓度越高,缓蚀效果越好;钢筋腐蚀反应的激发与临界氯离子浓度相关,而临界氯离子浓度与PEG的掺量呈正相关关系。根据Roman光谱分析,PEG具有强力吸附性,可自发在钢筋表面形成致密、吸附性保护膜,有效阻隔Cl^(-)侵蚀,利于钢筋钝化膜的生成,从而抑制腐蚀反应。

摘要：为了获得具有扩稳能力和对风扇性能影响小的处理机匣方案,以高负荷风扇为研究对象,采用数值仿真方法研究了实壁机匣、均布周向槽和位置寻优周向槽下的风扇流场结构,分析了均布周向槽和位置寻优周向槽的扩稳机理;通过试验验证了位置寻优周向槽设计参数对流场的影响。结果表明:周向槽处理机匣对高负荷风扇叶尖泄漏涡与激波干涉后形成的堵塞区有正向的作用,可以使风扇的稳定裕度提高2.7%~3.7%;叶尖激波-泄漏流相互干扰形成泄漏涡的位置为提高风扇稳定性的关键位置,在叶尖低速区的中间弦长位置对减轻叶尖堵塞情况十分有利,处理机匣设计应覆盖这2个位置;周向槽处理机匣槽的数量对风扇效率有一定的负面影响,需要用尽量少数量的周向槽覆盖在叶尖的关键位置来完成风扇扩稳作用。经过分析可知,位置寻优周向处理机匣在扩稳综合能力上更具优势。

摘要：为了解决粤港澳大湾区长带状城际铁路坐标基准投影变形问题,提出了基于北斗卫星导航基准站网的基准建立和施工控制网联动及稳定性评估方法,详细论述了高斯投影长度变形影响及解决方案、工程独立坐标系的建立和维持方法、高程基准的差异解决方案,针对不同地形分别给出了2种解决方案,符合投影变形限差的比例均可以达到89.78%以上,并以南珠中城际铁路为实例,论证了该方法的可行性,为类似长带状交通工程提供技术参考与借鉴。

摘要：在“碳达峰、碳中和”背景下,燃烧学作为研究燃料燃烧和控制污染物排放的一门学科,对于培养能源转化领域的复合型创新型人才具有重要的作用。BOPPPS教学模式是以教育目标为导向的教学模式。该文以“火焰传播的基本方式”为例,介绍基于BOPPPS教学模式课程导入、学习目标、前测、参与式学习、后测和总结六个环节的燃烧学课程教学设计,同时将学科前沿知识和课程思政内容有效融入专业知识。实施这一教学模式有利于培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,激发学生热爱祖国、热爱人民的精神和科技报国的意识。

摘要：本文针对电网营销项目特点,从项目后期管理、信息化水平、造价管控、效益等四个方面建立了一套科学、合理、全面的指标体系对其进行后评价。在此基础上,设计了后评价系统。通过该系统的应用,进一步提高了营销项目费用使用的合理性、合规性,促进了项目精益化闭环管理,提高了电网企业决策水平和投资效益。

摘要：研究了建筑结构加固工程的施工质量与安全管理对策,在掌握建筑结构加固工程特点的基础上,从完善质量管理体系、施工技术质量管理、施工人员质量管理、施工材料质量管理等方面出发,分析了建筑结构加固工程施工质量管理要点,同时,提出了施工安全管理策略,包括做好事前预防工作,加强施工过程监控,采用信息化技术手段,提高综合管理效果。

摘要：具身智能强调大脑、身体及环境三者的相互作用,旨在基于机器与物理世界的交互,创建软硬件结合、可自主学习进化的智能体.当前,机器学习、机器人学、认知科学等多学科技术的快速发展极大地推动了具身智能的研究与应用.已有的具身智能文献更多从技术和方法分类的角度入手,本文以具身智能在研究和应用过程中面临的关键挑战为角度切入,分析具身智能研究的一般性框架,围绕具身感知与执行、具身学习与进化两个方面提出具体的研究思路,并针对其中涉及的关键问题详细梳理相关技术及研究进展.此外,以移动机器人、仿生机器人、平行机器人三方面应用为例,介绍具身智能在感知与理解、控制与决策、交互与学习等方面给实际机器人系统设计带来的启发.最后,对具身智能的发展前景进行展望,探索虚实融合数据智能、基础模型与基础智能、数字孪生与平行智能在其中的重要作用和应用潜力,希望为相关领域学者和从业人员提供新的启示和思路.论文相关项目详见https://***/BUCT-IUSRC/Survey__EmbodiedAI.

摘要：Due to the increasing global demand for industrial gas, the development of large-scale cryogenic air separation systems has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Increasing the height of the adsorption bed in a vertical radial flow adsorber used in cryogenic air separation systems may efficiently increase the treatment capacity of the air in the adsorber. However, uniformity of the flow distribution of the air inside the adsorber would be deteriorated using the height-increasing method. In order to reduce the non-uniformity of the flow distribution caused by the excessive height of adsorption bed in a vertical radial flow adsorber, a novel parallel connection method is proposed in the present work. The experimental apparatus is designed and constructed; the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) technique is used to develop a CFD-based model, which is used to analyze the flow distribution, the static pressure drop and the radial velocity in the newly designed adsorber. In addition, the geometric parameters of annular flow channels and the adsorption bed thickness of the upper unit in the parallelconnected vertical radial flow adsorber are optimized, so that the upper and lower adsorption units could be penetrated by air simultaneously. Comparisons are made between the height-increasing method and the parallel connection method with the same adsorber height. It is shown that using the parallel connection method could reduce the difference between the maximum and minimum radial static pressure drop by 86.2% and improve the uniformity by 80% compared with those of using the height-increasing method. The optimal thickness ratio of the upper and lower adsorption units is obtained as 0.966, in which case the upper and lower adsorption units could be penetrated by air simultaneously, so that the adsorbents in adsorption space could be used more efficiently.