摘要：Noble metals are downsized to nano-/subnanoscale to improve their catalytic activity and ***,the stabilities in chemical state and catalytic performance of these nanocatalysts often suffer during harsh *** Pt nanoparticles(NPs)supported on CeO2,activated oxygen diffused from the support over-stabilizes the active sites of Pt,degrading its performance at mild *** this work,Pt nanocatalysts with unique structure of triple-junction are synthesized by selectively growing Pt NPs on the carbon-CeO2 ***,the Pt NPs exhibit much enhanced catalytic stability and high activity for CO oxidation at mild *** enhancement is attributed to electron donation from graphitized carbon and the confinement effect from the high-density nanopores of the CeO2 *** triple-junction of Pt-C-CeO2,combining the merits of CeO2 for activating O2 and electron donating capability of carbon,provides new inspiration to the fabrication of high-performance nanocatalysts.

摘要：生物炭对增强滨海湿地固碳能力和减少温室气体排放具有重要意义.然而,生物炭的固碳潜力和对土壤有机碳(SOC)矿化的具体作用路径仍不明确.本研究通过生物炭稳定性实验阐明不同热解温度生物炭的固碳潜力,通过土壤矿化实验和路径模型等方法,探究不同生物炭添加量(0%、0.1%、1.5%和3%)对SOC矿化的影响效果和路径.结果表明,随着生物炭制备温度从300℃升高到600℃,化学氧化的碳损失量由46.82%下降到14.11%,微生物矿化量由3.5%降到0.2%,表明600℃生物炭的固碳潜力较佳.采用600℃生物炭进行土壤矿化实验,生物炭使SOC含量增加了1.83~3.94倍,累积矿化量降低了3.43%~19.1%,其中1.5%添加量生物炭的矿化速率最低.使用偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM)量化并揭示了生物炭影响滨海湿地SOC矿化路径:生物炭释放的稳定碳含量高,不易被微生物利用,矿化速率低;生物炭增加大团聚体含量和稳定性,对SOC进行物理包裹,实现碳封存,抑制SOC矿化.研究表明增加生物炭碳稳定性和抑制SOC矿化可提高滨海湿地固碳能力.

摘要：Cell-derived microvesicles(MVs) are secreted from almost all kinds of mammalian cells into the extracellular space, and play crucial roles in intercellular communication and transporting biomolecules between cells. However, there is a great challenge for visualizing and monitoring of MVs’ bio-behaviors due to the limitations of existing labeling methods. Herein, we report the first paradigm of designer cell-self-implemented labeling of MVs secreted from living mammalian MCF-7 cells in situ using the intracellular-synthesized fluorescent quantum dots(QDs) during the formation of MVs. By elaborately coupling intracellular biochemical reactions and metabolism pathways, the MCF-7 cells can be illuminated brightly by intracellular-biosynthesized fluorescent CdSe QDs. Simultaneously, intracellular-synthesized QDs can be in situ encapsulated by the secreted MVs budding from the plasma membrane of the fluorescing cells to label the MVs with an efficiency of up to 89.9%. The whole labeling process skillfully combines designer precise cell-tuned intricate synthesis of CdSe QDs with mild in-situ labeling via cell-selfimplementation just after feeding the cell with suitable chemicals, which is structure-or function-nondestructive and much more straightforward and milder than those by chemical conjugation or indirect encapsulation with conventional fluorogenic labels.

摘要：目的通过三维(3D)生物打印兔原代肝细胞-海藻酸钠-明胶共混物,探讨3D生物打印技术构建类肝水凝胶结构体片段的可行性。方法采用Ⅳ型胶原酶消化法提取分离新生兔原代肝细胞;制备海藻酸钠-明胶水溶胶,与兔原代肝细胞共混;采用圆柱状微丝逐层交错堆积技术,进行兔肝细胞-海藻酸钠-明胶共混物的3D生物打印,获得三维结构体。用钙黄绿素-AM和碘化丙啶溶液对该结构体进行活/死细胞双荧光染色,评价打印后及培养后兔肝细胞的活性,计算细胞存活率。结果通过按照设计的参数,打印出含有兔原代肝细胞的网格状水凝胶结构体。该结构体的规格为10 mm×10 mm×1.2 mm,微丝间的孔隙相互通连,孔隙大小约450μm×450μm。打印后的兔肝细胞在三维结构体中仍可增殖,活/死细胞荧光染色结果表明结构体中兔肝细胞的存活率为82%±3%,兔原代肝细胞在结构体中分布均匀。结论本研究实现了兔肝细胞共混物结构体的3D生物打印,为构建类肝组织工程结构体片段提供新思路。

摘要：典型的 ATM输出缓冲交换结构有着理想的性能 ,但需要 N倍端口速率的高速传送而难以实现 .在输入端、输出端同时设立缓冲队列 (CIOQ)的交换结构可以完全模拟典型输出缓冲交换结构 ,而且仅需 2倍端口速率的传送 .然而模拟典型输出缓冲时的稳定匹配计算量巨大 ,难以实时完成 ,成为实际应用的一大障碍 .该文为稳定匹配设计了并行算法 ,大大节省了处理时间 ,使这种 ATM交换方案不仅停留在理论阶段 ,而且成为一种很有应用前景的 ATM交换方案 .

摘要：为探究冷冻-微波法净化污水水质效果,研究设计室内污水冻结成冰,结合微波快速解冻,按T1~T5时间段收集融出水试验。结果表明:(1)17 min的微波解冻可取代传统14.5 h的污水冰解冻。(2)T1+T2的微波处理,去除污水中59.18%和64.57%以上的理化指标含量和离子含量,同时色度、浑浊度、絮状沉淀也显著减少。(3)微波解冻17 min后的水产品中,TDS与总硬度浓度比最大仅0.16,总碱度、HPO_(3)、PO_(4)^(3-)、COD_(Mn)、SiO_(2)、H_2SiO_(3)的浓度在0.20~0.41之间;K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、HCO_(3)^(-)-、NO_(3)^(-)浓度比仅在0.05~0.20之间;As的浓度接近0。(4)主成分分析结果显示,冷冻-微波法净化TDS及总阴离子净化效果最好,主成分综合得分Y分别为4.55和3.65。总体而言,结合冻融过程与微波快速解冻,可快速、高效地实现污水处理。

摘要：A series of 3-substituted quinazolinones,2-substituted quinoxalines and 2-substituted benzopyrans were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activity in *** new compounds revealed excellent in vitro antifungal activity with broad *** structure-activity relationships（SARs） of the derivatives were *** 9A2 exhibits better antifungal activity against 5 tested fungi in vitro than fluconazole,especially against Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum *** study provides a series of novel lead compounds for the development of non-azole antifungal agents.

摘要：The energy conversion efficiency of a multistage synchronous induction coilgun(MSSICG) has become one of the key factors that restricts its industrialization. To improve the launch efficiency of medium-and high-velocity MSSICG,we propose an optimization design scheme combining orthogonal experimental design(OED) and self-consistent design method in this paper. The OED is introduced to reduce the number of iterations and improve the identification accuracy and efficiency. A self-consistent design model is established to overcome a defect that the parameters that need to be optimized will multiply as the number of coil stages increases. The influence of six factors(radial thickness of armature, axial length of armature, axial length of coil, capacitance, wire diameter, and slip speed) on the launch efficiency are then evaluated by range analysis. This work presents a valuable reference for optimizing medium-and high-velocity MSSICG.

摘要：To evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of tissue-engineered human corneal endothelia (TE-HCEs) on rabbit primary corneal endotheliopathy (PCEP),TE-HCEs reconstructed with monoclonal human corneal endothelial cells (mcHCECs) and modified denuded amniotic membranes (mdAMs) were transplanted into PCEP models of New Zealand white rabbits using penetrating *** TE-HCEs were examined using diverse techniques including slit-lamp biomicroscopy observation and pachymeter and tonometer measurements in vivo,and fluorescent microscopy,alizarin red staining,paraffin sectioning,scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations in *** corneas of transplanted eyes maintained transparency for as long as 200 d without obvious edema or immune *** corneal thickness of transplanted eyes decreased gradually after transplanting,reaching almost the thickness of normal eyes after 156 d,while the TE-HCE non-transplanted eyes were turbid and showed obvious corneal *** polygonal corneal endothelial cells in the transplanted area originated from the TE-HCE *** intact monolayer corneal endothelium had been reconstructed with the morphology,cell density and structure similar to those of normal rabbit corneal *** conclusion,the transplanted TE-HCE can reconstruct the integrality of corneal endothelium and restore corneal transparency and thickness in PCEP *** TE-HCE functions normally as an endothelial barrier and pump and promises to be an equivalent of HCE for clinical therapy of human PCEP.

摘要：In the search of novel neuroprotective agents with higher potency than our previously identified antiischemic stroke drug candidate 1, a series of novel dicarbonyl piperazine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated on their neuroprotective activity via oxygen–glucose deprivation test in the neuron-like PC12 cells, hypoxia tolerance model in mice and focal cerebral ischemia model in rats. The result obtained indicated that compounds 7f, 7k and 7o, exhibited neuroprotective activity. Particularly,compound 7o containing 2,5-dimethylpiperazin moiety, showed prolonged life time of mice and reduced cerebral infarction of rats, which provided a potential candidate for the development of neuroprotective agents.