摘要：In order to satisfy the requirements of beam measurement in the heavy ion medical machine and other small nuclear physics experiments, we designed and built a nuclear instrumentation module-based data acquisition system. This is composed of a set of functional modules and a purpose-built bus. One of the modules operates as a master, collecting data from the other slave modules. It then sends the data to the back-end computer via *** addition to the hardware, dedicated software has been designed and implemented. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of the architecture of the system, the data frame, and the software. The bus is the central part of the system. It can transmit data from the slave modules to the master at 33 MB/s. The frame used to transmit the data also ensures its integrity and monitors the hardware architecture. The client software is designed to process data in real time and store data on a hard disk for later analysis.

摘要：To improve the accuracy and usability of the superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source with advanced design in Lanzhou(SECRAL), an upgraded version of the control system was designed and tested. This paper details the architecture of the optimized control system and presents the results of its use in the long-term operation of the accelerator. The control system software, based on Visual C++, was developed following the model-view-controller architecture design pattern. The data acquisition system was based on a field-programmable gate array integrated circuit. In addition, control strategies were optimized for higher operational stability. The upgraded control system was tested with a U^(33+) ion beam at SECRAL, where it provided a data acquisition time of less than 1 ms. The fast reaction time and highprecision data processing during beam tuning verified the stability and maintainability of the control system.

摘要：Electrochemical lithium extraction from salt lakes is an effective strategy for obtaining lithium at a low ***,the elevated Mg:Li ratio and the presence of numerous coexisting ions in salt lake brines give rise to challenges,such as prolonged lithium extraction periods,diminished lithium extraction efficiency,and considerable environmental *** this work,Li FePO4(LFP)served as the electrode material for electrochemical lithium *** conductive network in the LFP electrode was optimized by adjusting the type of conductive *** approach resulted in high lithium extraction efficiency and extended cycle *** the single conductive agent of acetylene black(AB)or multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)was replaced with the mixed conductive agent of AB/MWCNTs,the average diffusion coefficient of Li+in the electrode increased from 2.35×10^(-9)or 1.77×10^(-9)to 4.21×10^(-9)cm^(2)·s^(-1).At the current density of 20 mA·g^(-1),the average lithium extraction capacity per gram of LFP electrode increased from 30.36 mg with the single conductive agent(AB)to 35.62 mg with the mixed conductive agent(AB/MWCNTs).When the mixed conductive agent was used,the capacity retention of the electrode after 30 cycles reached 82.9%,which was considerably higher than the capacity retention of 65.8%obtained when the single AB was ***,the electrode with mixed conductive agent of AB/MWCNTs provided good cycling *** the conductive agent content decreased or the loading capacity increased,the electrode containing the mixed conductive agent continued to show excellent electrochemical ***,a self-designed,highly efficient,continuous lithium extraction device was *** electrode utilizing the AB/MWCNT mixed conductive agent maintained excellent adsorption capacity and cycling performance in this *** work provides a new perspective for the electrochemical extraction of lithium using LFP electrodes.

摘要：In order to overcome the limitations of traditional microperforated plate with narrow sound absorption bandwidth and a single structure,two multi-cavity composite sound-absorbing materials were designed based on the shape of monoclinic crystals:uniaxial oblique structure(UOS)and biaxial oblique structure(BOS).Through finite element simulation and experimental research,the theoretical models of UOS and BOS were verified,and their sound absorption mechanisms were *** the same time,the influence of multi-cavity composites on sound absorption performance was analyzed based on the theoretical model,and the influence of structural parameters on sound absorption performance was *** research results show that,in the range of 100-2000 Hz,UOS has three sound absorption peaks and BOS has five sound absorption *** frequency range of the half-absorption bandwidth(α>0.5)of UOS and BOS increases by 242% and 229%,*** with traditional microperforated sound-absorbing structures,the series and parallel hybrid methods significantly increase the sound-absorbing bandwidth of the sound-absorbing *** research has guiding significance for noise control and has broad application prospects in the fields of transportation,construction,and mechanical design.

摘要：针对复杂装备体系(Complex Equipment System-of-systems,CES)优化设计中指标变量多、仿真依赖性强、易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种基于正向解析式和多目标博弈理论(Multi-Objective Game Theory,MOGT)优化算法的CES优化设计方法。为提升CES优化设计的可解释性,构建任务级—能力级—装备级的评估指标体系;在此基础上,基于装备机理和效用函数表征装备评估指标与作战能力之间的正向映射关系,并利用相邻优属度熵权法计算各指标权重;通过正向解析式与约束条件建立多目标优化模型,并采用MOGT优化算法获得最佳优化结果。以某作战推演平台中防空攻防想定为例,开展算例评估与验证分析。研究结果表明,该方法能够实现CES中最优设计方案的求解,可显著提高设计效率和降低设计成本,为下一代装备发展论证、设计评估和作战试验提供了基础性工作。

摘要：本文以某80000吨级散货船为优化对象,应用基于融合和区域特征分析的两种新船型几何设计技术,结合船舶CFD阻力和自航评估技术,开展以设计吃水下快速性能为目标的船型设计和性能分析研究。整个设计过程以参考船为设计起点,从减小船体阻力、改善兴波和艉部伴流的角度入手,分别开展船型艏部和艉部的型线自动变形设计,对比分析改型方案在同一模型尺度下的CFD数值模拟评估结果,并获得快速性能优秀的船型设计方案。最后,通过静水中的快速性模型试验,对设计工况下的收益效果进行验证,结果表明,相比于设计原型,最终优化船型在航速为14.0 kn时的实船预报收到功率下降了约5.6%。

摘要：为解决交通车辆持续更新导致的城市隧道内通风系统设计浪费和运营闲置,研究基准排放因子更新对隧道需风量的影响,并建立2种应对车辆更新的基准排放因子计算方法.首先,通过理论分析明确需风量计算式中随时间更新的关键参数为基准排放因子;随后,根据定量分析得到基准排放因子和纵坡-车速系数更新对需风量的影响;最后,结合国外理念和实际设计经验,提出2种考虑时间更新的基准排放因子计算方法.研究结果表明:我国道路隧道通风设计规范在制定基准排放因子时参考了世界道路协会(PIARC)通风报告,并分析得到了参考理由;与2000年相比,2021年的CO、NOx和PM基准排放限值分别降低了81.6%、76.7%和97.9%;建立了使用机动车污染物排放限值作为基准排放因子的最不利设计方法,计算出2018年各污染物基准排放因子(CO为0.0011 m^(3)/(辆·km),PM为0.4610 m^(2)/(辆·km)),相比于2014年《细则》分别降低84.3%和77.0%.建立并验证了基准排放因子计算方法,为城市道路隧道通风系统设计提供参考.

摘要：为实现南瓜种子定向播种,提出先调整南瓜种子运动姿态再进行定向的组合式定向方法,设计了一种南瓜种子组合式定向排种器。该定向装置的关键部件包括限位清种板和导向板两部分。基于南瓜种子几何特性确定了限位清种板的结构参数。建立南瓜种子定向过程的运动学方程,明确了南瓜种子定向过程中姿态变化与导向板结构参数的关系,确定了导向板结构参数。利用CFD-DEM耦合法,验证了南瓜种子组合式排种器定向排种的可行性,确定了排种盘转速取值范围。搭建试验台,以平躺吸附率为试验指标,通过单因素试验确定了排种盘型孔直径。以单粒率为试验指标,通过单因素试验确定了负压和排种盘型孔数取值范围。选取负压、排种盘型孔数、排种盘转速为试验因素,以单粒率、定向成功率为试验指标,进行了三因素三水平二次中心组合试验,得出影响排种器单粒率的主次因素为负压、排种盘型孔数、排种盘转速,影响排种器定向成功率的主次因素为排种盘转速、负压、排种盘型孔数。对优化后参数进行田间验证试验,结果表明,当排种盘型孔数为16、负压为10kPa、排种盘转速为4r/min时,单粒率为94.7%,定向成功率为82.7%,南瓜种子落入穴盘的正负偏转角度为18.5°。

摘要：深圳作为中国的经济特区之一,拥有得天独厚的海洋资源优势和地理位置,正着力建设全球海洋中心城市。在这样一个历史契机下,增强市民的海洋意识,持续提高海洋产业的创新能力和竞争力,进而推动艺术与文化产业的发展,显得尤为重要。海洋文化艺术教育不仅有助于提升全民对海洋意识和素养,增强对海洋文化的理解和认同,更能为海洋产业的可持续发展提供有力的人才支持和文化底蕴。深圳应依托自身的海洋文化特色,充分利用其在文化产业和艺术管理中的优势,整合和优化现有的教育资源,推动文化创意与海洋文化的深度融合,加强与国内外海洋教育机构的合作与交流,并通过科技创新优势推动海洋文化艺术教育发展和创新,为城市的可持续发展和国家的海洋强国战略做出更大的贡献。

摘要：为解决猕猴桃采摘过程中易刮伤果实表皮的问题,设计一种新型的包覆式气囊夹爪,基于气动控制气囊的膨胀与收缩,实现果实的收纳与包覆,并通过增加果实与夹爪的受力面积,减少夹爪对果实的挤压,在保证果实不受损伤的前提下提高采摘成功率。以底部向上捕捉、剪切收获果实的采摘方式,设计气囊夹爪的机械结构;通过有限元模拟,对采摘过程中气囊与果实的受力情况进行分析,证明设计的夹爪受力点主要在气囊夹爪上下表面,贴合性高。经过实地采摘试验,测试不同气压下气囊夹爪的采摘成功率以及损伤率,确定夹爪气压为40 kPa时,采摘效果最好,成功率达95%,损伤率曲线与手工采摘最为相似。