摘要：Mass transfer and catalyst recovery are two crucial issues in solid base catalysis,while the cumbersome operation steps and the associated time and energy penalties are still inevitable for conventional *** the technical upgrades through catalyst design is desirable but challenging because of the difficulty in satisfying diverse demands of different *** this work,a magnetically responsive solid base catalyst with the rod-like nanostructure was *** rod-like solid base catalysts are composed of Fe_(3)O_(4) cores,silica shells and calcium oxide active *** functions of magnetic recovery and stirring were integrated into the catalyst,which applies in both the general catalytic processes and microchannel reactors given their *** applied to the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by onestep transesterification of methanol and ethylene carbonate,an apparent enhancement on turnover frequency value(33.1 h^(−1))was observed for nano-stirring compared with that tested without stirring(12.1 h^(−1))within 30 *** present catalysts may open up new avenues in the development of advanced solid base catalysts.

摘要：近红外圆偏振发光(NIR-CPL)材料作为一种新兴的光功能材料,在光学显示、生物探测和信息存储等领域具有巨大的应用前景.近年来,随着研究的深入, NIR-CPL材料的研究范围逐渐涵盖手性过渡金属配合物、聚合物以及有机小分子等多个领域.本综述聚焦近年来纯有机NIR-CPL材料的研究进展,系统总结出有机NIR-CPL分子的设计策略,为研究者在设计并合成有机NIR-CPL材料提供了理论和策略.此外,对有机NIR-CPL的发展方向进行了展望,为研究者提供了研究思路.

摘要：目的通过构建“节事符号感知-移情-民俗体验”模型,来研究节事符号感知对民俗体验的影响作用,并探讨移情的中介作用,旨在创新提升民俗体验的新路径及民俗文化的现代传承与传播的新思路。方法采用文献研究法,以心理学感知和移情理论、认知学的符号理论及经济学的感知价值理论为基础,从设计学视角出发,通过梳理节事符号感知、移情与民俗体验三者之间的关系内涵,构建以移情为中介的节事符号感知对民俗体验影响作用的数据模型;采用问卷调查法和数据分析法研究移情作用下节事符号感知对民俗体验的影响机制。结果证实了节事符号感知对民俗体验和移情的正向影响及作用,同时证实了认知移情和行为移情对现实场景民俗体验有着显著的正向影响,对虚拟场景民俗体验有非显著的正向影响,验证了移情在节事符号感知和民俗体验之间的中介效应。结论明晰了移情在提升节事符号感知和民俗体验中的重要作用,通过移情可以建立民俗节事体验的情感连接、促进民俗文化交流与认同,对丰富民俗体验的形式和打造民俗节事文化的传承、传播等方面具有一定的启示意义。

摘要：[研究目的]科学识别未来技术是前瞻布局未来产业、抢占未来发展制高点的首要问题,能够为中国加快实现高水平科技自立自强提供决策参考。[研究方法]从未来技术前沿突破性、交叉融合性、战略主导性三大特征出发,遵循“指标设计—指标赋权—判定分析”的研究逻辑,首先筛选出9项未来技术特征指标,再结合博弈论组合赋权法识别特定领域的未来技术,最后根据特征得分划分未来技术所属类型。[研究结论]以全球芯片材料行业专利数据为实证样本,识别出过程辅助材料、衬底材料和封装材料三项未来技术主题,且分别属于“Y_(bH)—Y_(fH)—Y_(dH)”“Y_(bH)—Y_(fL)—Y_(dH)”“Y_(bL)—Y_(fL)—Y_(dH)”类型,研究结果与目前芯片材料行业发展趋势相一致,验证了未来技术识别模型的科学性和有效性。

摘要：LiNiO_(2)(LNO)基态的晶体结构和电子结构长期以来存在着实验与理论计算不一致的争议.实验上观测到LNO是空间群为R3m的半导体并且有局部的Jahn-Teller(JT)畸变,但理论计算却表明它是处于亚稳态的金属并且没有任何的JT畸变.本文基于杂化密度泛函理论HSE06,首次模拟了与实验等同浓度(~3%)的Ni/Li反位缺陷对LNO的影响,发现缺陷能够有效调控LNO中的JT效应.在LNO中引入Ni/Li反位缺陷后,其结构发生了局部的JT畸变,并且其带隙值约为0.5 eV,这些计算结果都和实验现象非常吻合.Ni/Li反位通过粒径效应和库伦作用,既能诱发JT畸变,又能阻碍畸变之间的协同作用,避免相变到C2/m,而只产生局部的JT畸变.本文提出了一种新的策略来解释LNO基态晶体结构和电子结构长期以来的争议,对推动富镍层状材料的设计和应用具有重要意义.

摘要：中性束注入实验单元系统调试和小尺寸样机验证测试需要真空环境支持,针对实验气体负载性质与真空要求,探索研制外置式制冷机低温泵。设计了一种基于单台4 K制冷机的低温泵并开展抽气单元性能分析,采用ANSYS热分析方法研究抽气单元热学性能,得到了不同气体热负载下的温度分布,结果表明,抽气面温度处于5 K左右,能够有效抽除H_(2)、He等难凝性气体。采用MOLFLOW对连接抽速测试系统的低温泵进行了气体粒子运动模拟,验证了抽气单元设计的合理性,并模拟得到气体捕获系数为0.409;探究了气体负载对抽气性能的影响,结果表明,受温升影响,泵的抽速波动较小,抽气性能良好。研究方法与结果为实验用制冷机低温泵的研制提供了有益参考。

摘要：在我国高速公路发展的不同阶段,路线选线技术侧重点不同。现阶段,生态环境保护及基本农田耕地保护在路线选择中成为非常重要的影响因素。本文基于绿色公路理念,结合安徽省淮河流域高速公路工程区域生态环境特征,建立了包含技术指标、环境指标、安全指标和社会指标的4项一级指标和18项二级指标的路线设计评价指标体系,采用改进的熵权-TOPSIS法对高速公路工程的路线设计方案进行评价比选,为高速公路路线方案比选提供参考与借鉴。

摘要：Sintering inhibition of a catalyst at high temperatures is a challenge during heterogeneous catalysis. In this paper, we report that hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) is an optimal material for anti-sintering γ-Al_(2)O_(3)-supported Pt nanoparticles(NPs) originating from the high thermal conductivity of h-BN. The high thermal conductivity of h-BN ensures maximal heat dissipation from Pt NPs to γ-Al_(2)O_(3),thereby causing both Ostwald ripening and particle coalescence of Pt NPs to be decelerated at elevated *** of Pt NP sintering is also shown in the reducible TiO^(2-)supported Pt NPs with the help of h-BN. The proposed anti-sintering strategy using thermal management is universal, providing new insight into the design of anti-sintering materials and structures for a wide range of applications in heterogeneous catalysis.

摘要：Due to the good controllability and high energy efficiency in adsorption processes,photoresponsive adsorbents are intriguing for CO2 ***,most reported photoresponsive adsorbents are designed based on weak adsorption sites,regulating CO2 adsorption through structural change or steric *** addition,ultraviolet(UV)light is commonly involved in the regulation of adsorption *** we report for the first time the smart adsorbents for CO2 capture,which makes strong adsorption sites respond to visible(Vis)*** adsorbents were fabricated by introducing primary amine and Dispersed Red 1(DR1,a kind of push-pull azobenzene that responds to Vis light rapidly)units to mesoporous silica,which act as strong adsorption sites and triggers,*** primary amine sites make the adsorbents highly selective in the adsorption of CO2 over *** light irradiation,azobenzene is in the form of trans configuration,which leads to decreased electrostatic potential of primary amines and subsequently,exposure of active sites and liberal adsorption of *** Vis-light irradiation,cis isomers are formed,which results in increased electrostatic potential of primary amines and subsequently shelter of active *** on such strong adsorption sites,the alteration of CO2 adsorption capacity can reach 40%for the adsorbent with and without Vis-light ***,the trans/cis isomerization of DR1 units can be triggered reversibly by Vis *** present smart system endows adsorbents with selective adsorption capacity and avoids the employment of UV light,which is unlikely to be achieved by conventional photoresponsive adsorbents.

摘要：On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual ***,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sorting speeds,sample loss,and labor-intensive preparation ***,we demonstrate the development of a novel microfluidic chip that integrates droplet generation,on-demand electrostatic droplet charging,and high-throughput *** charging electrode is a copper wire buried above the nozzle of the microchannel,and the deflecting electrode is the phosphate buffered saline in the microchannel,which greatly simplifies the structure and fabrication process of the ***,this chip is capable of high-frequency droplet generation and sorting,with a frequency of 11.757 kHz in the drop *** chip completes the selective charging process via electrostatic induction during droplet ***-demand charged microdroplets can arbitrarilymove to specific exit channels in a three-dimensional(3D)-deflected electric field,which can be controlled according to user requirements,and the flux of droplet deflection is thereby significantly ***,a lossless modification strategy is presented to improve the accuracy of droplet deflection or harvest rate from 97.49% to 99.38% by monitoring the frequency of droplet generation in real time and feeding it back to the charging *** chip has great potential for quantitative processing and analysis of single cells for elucidating cell-to-cell variations.