摘要：目的:探讨作用于大跨度曲面屋盖非定常气动力的特性,为考虑非定常气动力影响的大跨度曲面屋盖抗风设计提供理论参考。创新点:1.采用强迫振动试验;2.采用大涡模拟(LES)流入脉动风的生成方法;3.研究大跨度曲面屋盖非定常气动力特性。方法:1.通过强迫振动风洞试验方法探讨风速、强迫振动振幅、屋盖的矢跨比和缩减频率对非定常气动力的影响;2.采用计算流体力学数值模拟重现风洞试验,从而在更宽的缩减频率范围内分析非定常气动力的特性,并且通过可视化流场的分析探讨风与屋盖相互作用的机理。结论:1.屋盖的振动对屋盖表面的风压分布影响较大。2.屋盖的振动可能抑制屋盖背风面漩涡的脱落。3.根据风洞试验和数值模拟的结果分析得到的矢跨比、风速和振动振幅对气动阻尼系数和气动刚度系数的影响较小;气动阻尼系数和气动刚度系数主要随着缩减频率的变化而变化。4.气动刚度系数为正值,使得结构的总刚度减小,从而减小结构的固有频率;气动阻尼系数为负值,使得结构总阻尼增加。5.风洞试验和LES模拟结果的一致性可以说明,LES是一个能够有效研究非定常气动力特性的数值模拟方法。

摘要：Wind force coefficients for designing porous canopy roofs have been investigated based on a series of wind tunnel experiments. Gable, troughed and mono-sloped roofs were tested. The roof models were made of 0.5 mm thick perforated duralumin plates, the porosity of which was changed from 0 to about 0.4. Overall aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the roof model were measured in a turbulent boundary layer with a six-component force balance for various wind directions. The results indicate that the wind loads on canopy roofs generally decrease with an increase in porosity of the roof. Assuming that the roof is rigid and supported by the four corner columns with no walls, the axial forces induced in the columns are regarded as the most important load effect for discussing the design wind loads. Two loading patterns causing the maximum tension and compression in the columns are considered. Based on a combination of the lift and moment coefficients, the design wind force coefficients on the windward and leeward halves of the roof are presented for the two loading patterns as a function of the roof pitch and porosity. The effect of porosity is taken into account as a reduction factor of the wind loads.