摘要：The extended state observer (ESO) is a novel observer for a class of uncertain systems. Since ESO adopts the continuous non-smooth structure, the classical observer design theory is hard to use for ESO analysis. In this note, the self-stable region (SSR) approach, which is a nonlinear synthesis method for nonlinear uncertain systems, will be used for ESO design and its stability analysis. The advantages of the non-smooth structure in ESO for improving the convergence properties and the estimation precision will be shown.

摘要：A reverse-conducting lateral insulated-gate bipolar transistor （NI.2-LltJlS｜） with a trench oxide layer （IUL）, teaturlng a vertical N-buffer and P-collector is proposed. Firstly, the TOL enhances both of the surface and bulk electric fields of the N-drift region, thus the breakdown voltage （BV） is improved. Secondly, the vertical N-buffer layer increases the voltage drop VpN of the P-collector/N-buffer junction, thus the snapback is suppressed. Thirdly, the P-body and the vertical N-buffer act as the anode and the cathode, respectively, to conduct the reverse current, thus the inner diode is integrated. As shown by the simulation results, the proposed RC-LIGBT exhibits trapezoidal electric field distribution with BV of 342.4 V, which is increased by nearly 340% compared to the conventional RC-LIGBT with triangular electric fields of 100.2 V. Moreover, the snapback is eliminated by the vertical N-buffer layer design, thus the reliability of the device is improved.

摘要：It is commonly known that riblets with sharper tip generally have better turbulent drag reduction capacity,which,however,poses great challenges for manufacturing and makes the riblets vulnerable to tip *** this study,we show that a scalloped riblet which is not as sharp in the tip as corresponding triangular riblet with same height-width ratio,nevertheless has a larger protrusion height,a quantity solely depending on the riblet shape and calculated through a boundary element algorithm in this study,and thus a higher projected drag reduction *** addition,it is found that,when subjected to tip rounding,this scalloped riblet performs better in terms of protrusion height than corresponding parabolic riblet,which indicates stronger resilience to riblet tip *** the class of scalloped riblets,designed by smoothly connecting two third-order polynomials and thus the tip sharpness and valley curvature can be well defined,it is revealed that two mechanisms,one for the valley curvature at the viscous limit and one for the tip sharpness at infinite deep limit,determine the protrusion height,and thus the projected drag reduction *** numerical simulations are then carried out to investigate controlled boundary layer transition with the scalloped riblet of width s+=20 and 5+=60.A 7.8%drag reduction in the turbulent region is found for the smaller riblet with a preferable transition delay,while for the larger riblet transition is promoted and drag is increased in the turbulent *** is also found that the area fraction of high drag region around the riblet tips is basically the same for the two ***,even higher drag is found around the tip region for the smaller drag-reducing *** the other hand,a much smaller drag coefficient is found in the valley of the smaller riblet,which results in the reduction of turbulent *** is thus inferred that the issue of sharp riblet tip,that hard to manufacture and deteriorate substantially

摘要：A room-temperature electrochemical strategy for hydrogenation(deuteration)and reverse dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles over a bifunctional MoNi_(4)electrode is developed,which includes the hydrogenation of quinoxaline using H2O as the hydrogen source with 80%Faradaic efficiency and the reverse dehydrogenation of hydrogen-rich 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline with up to 99%yield and *** in situ generated active hydrogen atom(H^(*))is plausibly involved in the hydrogenation of quinoxaline,where a consecutive hydrogen radical coupled electron transfer pathway is ***,the MoNi_(4)alloy exhibits efficient quinoxaline hydrogenation at an overpotential of only 50 mV,owing to its superior water dissociation ability to provide H^(*)in alkaline *** situ Raman tests indicate that the Ni^(Ⅱ)/Ni^(Ⅲ)redox couple can promote the dehydrogenation process,representing a promising anodic alternative to low-value oxygen ***,electrocatalytic deuteration is easily achieved with up to 99%deuteration ratios using *** method is capable of producing a series of functionalized hydrogenated and deuterated quinoxalines.

摘要：多组分组装包含多个可以形成自组装的组分,这在自然过程中是很常见的现象。可以通过分析嵌入天然超分子结构中的结构特点,并根据预测的分子相互作用设计创新材料,但因为对于分子本身性质的理解有限,设计可控层级结构的小分子水凝胶目前仍然面临一定困难,距离自然形成的多层级复杂可控组装体系也比较远。在多组分的超分子化学领域,我们有必要利用系统论的方法研究多组分自组装网络的结构与功能,除了理解组分分子单体的性质,还需要对组分分子形成的化学网络进行研究,才能更好地理解自然。当在多组分系统中触发自组装时,通常产生三种组装方式,即共组装(Co⁃assembly)、自分类(Self⁃sorting)和异质多维组装(Multidimensional hierarchical combination of assemblies or heterojunction)。这三种组装体系相互竞争但也可能并存,导致多组分组装体系的复杂性与多元响应性,因此对多组分组装构建块或组装体系的设计与组装结构预测也就具有很大挑战性。多层次的多组分组装过程允许多个自组装体协同和正交运行,并具有精确的空间和时间控制。而自分类现象是多种相关(生物)化学过程(如相分离、动力学解析或自我复制等)的基础,自分类现象可以是自恋的,也可以是社会的,对多组分组装体系中自分类组装进行研究,对于加深理解组分分子相互关系实现对网络的控制,从而实现多层级复杂组装体系的可控构建具有重大意义。本文将就多组分组装体系的特点、研究方法展开综述,并展示多组分组装体系的自分类组装的特点、控制等领域研究成果,讨论小分子凝胶剂在多组分自分类组装水凝胶组装体系的研究进展,以期促进对该领域的理解和深入研究。

摘要：The innovative Next Generation Subsea Production System(NextGen SPS)concept is a newly proposed petroleum development solution in ultra-deep water *** definition of NextGen SPS involves several disciplines,which makes the design process *** this paper,the definition of NextGen SPS is modeled as an uncertain multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO)*** deterministic optimization model is formulated,and three concerning disciplines—cost calculation,hydrodynamic analysis and global performance analysis are *** model technique is applied in the latter two *** optimization(CO)architecture is utilized to organize the concerning disciplines.A deterministic CO framework with two disciplinelevel optimizations is proposed *** the uncertainties of design parameters and surrogate models are incorporated by using interval method,and uncertain CO frameworks with triple loop and double loop optimization structure are established *** optimization results illustrate that,although the deterministic MDO result achieves higher reduction in objective function than the uncertain MDO result,the latter is more reliable than the former.

摘要：计算机交互式评价以计算机模拟的形式呈现学科知识及其系统结构,并支持新颖的交互形式。评价学生的科学探究能力不仅需要创设丰富的任务情境,同时也要收集和分析学生的行为和作答数据。鉴于交互式评价与科学探究评价的契合性,文章基于以证据为中心(Evidence-Centered Design,ECD)的评价设计理念,解析了交互式科学探究评价的设计流程。首先,介绍了评价设计的理论基础--ECD框架。其次,结合科学探究评价的典型研究项目,以评价设计流程的任务分析、任务创设和数据分析为主线,总结了任务分析的领域信息来源、任务情境标准、任务创设的界面形式、学生作品和系统响应,以及数据分析中使用的多种数学模型。最后,讨论了交互式评价在评价的标准、实用性、非认知因素以及协同开发等方面应关注的问题和未来的发展方向,旨在丰富我国有关交互式评价开发的理论和实践研究。

摘要：《工业产品设计与制造工艺实习》课程旨在通过模拟工业产品研发全流程,将工程实践课与习近平总书记提出的劳动教育课紧密结合,全面提升学生的综合素质和实践能力,本报告结合具体案例对该课程的实施效果进行深入分析。

摘要：介绍深度学习在高中英语读后续写教学中的优势,认为深度学习能起到促进实践、促进思考、促进理解等作用。阐述深度学习背景下高中英语读后续写教学要求,认为教师在读后续写教学中应注意连贯表达、思维引领和过程体验,以此提升读后续写教学的有效性。结合教学实例,探索深度学习背景下高中英语读后续写教学策略,即阅读原文,深度理解原文内涵;设计构思,深度发散独创思维;生成初稿,深度展开优化讨论;润色提升,深度落实写作指导。

摘要：This paper studies the consistency of the extended Kalman filter(EKF) for a kind of nonlinear systems. Based on the EKF algorithm, the authors propose the quasi-consistent EKF(QCEKF)as well as the tuning law for its parameters. The quasi-consistency of the proposed algorithm is ***, the feasibility of the algorithm is illustrated by the numerical simulation on an orbit determination example.